... overlook the essential kinship, not ofthe Roman andthe English law, but rather ofthe Roman andthe English lawyer’;60 andthe similar constitutional development of European kingdoms61 andthe common ... aware of other regimes, and they were often the subject of appeal for law (responsa) by ‘daughter’ towns ‘[O]ne ofthe greatest ofthe tribal laws’ or ‘mirrors’, premissed in the authority of Christian ... ecclesiastical law On the Continent, much of that customarylaw came to be subject to the systematic discipline of Roman law under the 172 173 174 J H Baker, Oxford History ofthe Laws of England, Volume...
... of commitments to gender equality andthe empowerment of women, both nationally and globally There is a broad consensus that the full and effective implementation ofthe Beijing Declaration and ... progress between womenand men and girls and boys The Rio+20 conference recognized the central role ofwomenand girls as leaders, participants and agents of change Member States committed themselves ... cooperation to the countries in situations of fragility and conflict must acknowledge the differential and disproportional impact of armed conflict on the lives and rights ofwomenand girls A critical...
... we are and what we can be The problem is that we are only rarely using half of our talent and usually hearing half ofthe story This report shines a light on thestatusofwomen in media and underscores ... statistical and analytic data on women in the media, and from recent research articles on media gender inequity The report is intended to provide a broad overview ofthestatusofwomen in the U.S ... women in the media, and from recent research articles on media gender inequity The report is intended to provide a broad overview ofthestatusofwomen in the U.S media at the beginning of 2012...
... and no weaker system oflaw enforcement than this; for it delivers the enforcement ofthelaw to the vicissitudes ofthe distribution of power between the violator ofthelawandthe victim of ... juris, thecustomary process andthe qualifying effects of international lawThe central aspect of this book’s explanation ofthe way in which power and obligation interact within the process ofcustomary ... years, not only as a result ofthe end ofthe Cold War, the disintegration ofthe Soviet Union andthe demise of most command economies The earlier process of decolonisation, the acquisition by non-industrialised...
... Court Activism, the Public Interest, andthe Making of Constitutional Law l a r ry yac k l e the university of chicago press chicago and london larry yackle is professor oflawandthe Basil Yanakakis ... about the text, theorists insist that the warp and woof of constitutional law is still traceable to the written document and must be, given that the document and only the document counts as the ... endorsement ofthe divine and hereditary right of English kings to rule, his promotion of accumulated wealth in the hands ofthe few, and above all his disdain for common people and for the idea of government...
... ofthe accused; the widening boundaries ofthe criminal law to include offences of preparation and planning; the scope and justification of offences against the person such as rape, assault and ... interpreters engaged in the rationalisation and modernisation ofthe criminal law On the other hand, they bear responsibility to interrogate the problems ofthe law, and to seek to understand its inherent ... that these are dialectically connected aspects ofthe same thing: the modern form oflaw I will now outline these two aspects of modern individualist lawand then contextualise the idea of the...
... colonial problems The Mandate System andthe construction ofthe non-European state Government, sovereignty and economy The mandate andthe dissolution of sovereignty The legacies ofthe Mandate System: ... System ofthe League of Nations Introduction The creation ofthe Mandate System 115 115 119 vii 32 32 40 52 viii contents The League of Nations andthe new international lawThe Mandate System and ... arranged and they have definite marriage and magistrates, overlords, laws and workshops, and a system of exchange, all of which call for the use of reason; they also have a kind of religion Further, they...
... Accountability andthe Use of Force in International LawThe spread of democracy to a majority ofthe world’s states andthe legitimization ofthe use of force by multilateral institutions such as NATO and ... president and executive director ofthe American Society of International Law since 1994 She was formerly on the legislative staff ofthe US Senate and on the faculty ofthe University of Virginia ... rights of passage.” These agreements were to have the advantage of defining, from the point of view of member states, the limits of their obligation to provide such assistance, and, from the point of...
... 95/46/EC ofthe European Parliament andofthe Council on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on xlviii table of conventions the free movement of such ... Law Reports International Review ofthe Red Cross Leiden Journal of International Law Netherlands Yearbook of International Law Organisation of American States Organisation of African Unity Of cial ... aftermath In the void where there should have been debate on which responses would serve the interests of international justice, peace, security andthe rule of law, the confusion and need for...
... are the associated claims that the eradication of inefficiencies in the administration ofthe health system may offset the need for the rationing ofthe services provided, and that elimination of ... note, the word is a cognate of ‘rationality’, and thereby connotes a distribution based upon the exercise of reason, which is carried out fairly and even-handedly.3 This is the understanding ofthe ... patient on the grounds ofthe insufficiency of evidence ofthe safety and relative cost-effectiveness ofthe drug.31 Upon reversing the decision, it sought to refute media suggestions that the absolute...
... define and explain to Congress andthe people the nature ofthe crisis—implies the continued constitutional statusof both Congress andthe presidency But once we suspend the Constitution, thestatus ... life ofthe nation; the President must define and explain to Congress andthe people the nature of this threat; the perception ofthe emergency, the judgment that the life ofthe nation is truly ... Gerard Braunthal ofthe University of Massachusetts, and Peter Euben ofthe University of California at Santa Cruz all read parts ofthe work and offered advice John Fairleigh ofthe Queen's University...
... as the influence of culture, the restraints of religion, politics and economics, the relevance of socio-economic statusand gender, the role ofthe media in determining perceptions of health, and ... mechanisms, the role of public and private law in the protection of health and, finally, the legal framework ofthe provision of health services Several weaknesses in law as a tool for the protection of ... direction of public health law Understandings of health have changed, and are continuing to change These changes are challenging the prioritising ofthe role of medicine in the xli Lawandthe Public...
... colonial problems The Mandate System andthe construction ofthe non-European state Government, sovereignty and economy The mandate andthe dissolution of sovereignty The legacies ofthe Mandate System: ... System ofthe League of Nations Introduction The creation ofthe Mandate System 115 115 119 vii 32 32 40 52 viii contents The League of Nations andthe new international lawThe Mandate System and ... Whewell Professor of International Law, Faculty of Law, and Director, Lauterpacht Research Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge John S Bell FBA Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, University...
... accepted that thelawof nations comprised treaties and customs, but who argued that the overall purpose ofthelawof nations, derived from thelawof nature,27 was that of securing and furthering ... Yearbook of International Law 506 515 at 506 See ibid Lorimer insisted on the exceptional dependence ofthelawof nations on thelawof nature’ Lorimer, The Institutes oftheLawof Nations, ... arranged and they have definite marriage and magistrates, overlords, laws and workshops, and a system of exchange, all of which call for the use of reason; they also have a kind of religion Further, they...
... in the appropriation ofthe property in, andofthe sovereignty over, a part or the whole ofthe territory of a state, and when definitively accomplished, vests the whole rights of property and ... extended to the lower classes -and the dissolute members ofthe aristocracy ofthe imperial centre: 94 95 On these efforts andthe importance attached to them, see Oppenheim, The Science of International ... basing the inquiry on the premise that the uncivilized were outside the law, andthe positivist task was to define the terms and methods by which they were to be assimilated into the framework of law...
... in the aforesaid territories [the conventional Basin ofthe Congo] bind themselves to watch over the preservation ofthe native tribes, and to care for the improvement ofthe conditions of their ... respect More generally, the nineteenth century offers us an example of a far broader theme: the importance ofthe existence ofthe ‘other’ for the progress and development ofthe discipline itself ... as administrators of these territories on behalf ofthe League, and subjecting these mandatories to the League’s supervision.8 The legal structure ofthe Mandate System The Mandate System embodied...
... o n s 147 The Mandate System andthe construction ofthe non-European state The mandates andthe problem of sovereignty The primary novelty ofthe Mandate System for many jurists ofthe interwar ... sense ofthe final end ofthe Mandate System According to Article 22 ofthe Covenant, the primary purpose ofthe Mandate System was to secure the ‘well-being and development’ ofthe peoples ofthe ... supervising the operation ofthe system Once the basic framework ofthe Mandate System had been established, it was the PMC that had the task of ensuring the progress ofthe mandate territories and...
... through the enforcement ofthe laws but rather by defining the normal, the standard andthe truth against which deviations are identified and then remedied.275 Sovereignty and native will The mandate ... List of Questions Which the Permanent Mandates Commission Desires Should Be Dealt With in the Annual Reports ofthe Mandatory Powers, the headings include: Statusofthe Territory; Statusofthe ... diversity of mandate territories, the different responses and resistance ofthe mandate peoples andthe intransigency of mandate powers presented this from occurring Nevertheless, the Mandate System...
... Norton, Lawofthe Future or Lawofthe Past? Modern Tribunals andthe International Lawof Expropriation’, (1991) 85 American Journal of International Law 474; M S Sornarajah, The Settlement of Foreign ... and development policy became the norm, andthe collapse ofthe Berlin Wall andthe end ofthe Cold War were taken to signal the ultimate triumph of capitalism and its decisive emergence as the ... dealings with the colonial government were regulated by the laws of that government These agreements were not, of course, the subject of international law since they fell within the scope ofthe domestic...
... goals ofthe mandate project to create independent societies capable of withstanding the demands ofthe ‘modern world’ are undermined by the system of economic relations the mandate creates The ... terms, the Mandate System was succeeded by the Trusteeship System But in terms of technologies of management, it is the IFIs, the Bank andthe IMF which are the contemporary successors ofthe Mandate ... government must further and enhance commerce and trade in ways that protect and advance the interests, on the whole, ofthe West Whatever the rhetoric, as to humanism andthe welfare ofthe non-European...