... triphosphate to the 5¢-hydroxyl group of thymidine, forming dTMP. Human TK1 iscytosolic and its activity is absent in resting cells, appears in late G1,increases in S phase coinciding with the increase ... myco-plasmic origin [14], the feedback inhibitor dTTP wasbound in the substrate pocket, similar to the bindingof dTTP to the D. melanogaster multi-substratedeoxyribonucleoside kinase [16], despite ... maintaining a proper balancebetween the dNTPs. Inadditionto the ribonucleotidereductase-controlled pathway, the dTTP level is con-trolled by thymidine kinases and TMP nucleotidases,forming...
... dford,MA, USA) and the radioactivity retained on the ®lterwas measured.Staining with lectin and antibodyLectin staining and indirect immuno¯uorescence stainingwere carried out as described previously ... sugars. To identify the transport substrate of DmNST, a DNAfragment containing the entire c oding region was ampli®edby PCR and inserted into the expression vector pMKIT-neoutilizing the EcoRI ... econdaryantibodies in indirect immuno¯uorescence and Westernblot analysis, respectively.Site-directed mutagenesis and insertionof an hemagglutinin tagWe utilized the megaprimer method [17] to obtain a mino-acid...
... in the KIND2 domain of v-KINDcontain the core MAP2 binding module To identify the core MAP2-binding site within theKIND2 domain (amino acids 456–620), we analyzedfive EGFP-fused KIND2 domain ... EGFP-KIND2-1 to -KIND2-5 (Fig. 4A), by a pull-downassay with GST-CD2 (MAP2 v-KIND binding core).Input (cerebellum)GSTv-KIND KIND1v-KIND KIND2Spir-2 KINDPTPN13 KINDInput (MAP2)GSTv-KIND KIND1v-KIND ... stain)EGFPEGFP-KIND2-1EGFP-KIND2-2EGFP-KIND2-3EGFP-KIND2-4EGFP-KIND2-5EGFP-KIND2EGFP-KIND1KIND2-1487KIND2-2521KIND2-3555KIND2-5589KIND2-4488456 620KIND2v-KIND+++––InteractionEGFPEGFP-KIND2-1InputIB:...
... In Changcells, stained occludin was observed in the cytoplasmicregion. Additionally, in OccWT-overexpressing Hep3Band Huh7 cells, regions stained with antibody to hem-agglutinin (HA), indicating ... findings, our research provides new insights intothe role of exon 9 in the regulation of apoptosis andinvasion in liver cell lines.ABFig. 7. Effects of occludin shRNA on apoptosis and invasiveness. ... [23,24]. In contrast, in thecase of occludin, an ER-mediated increase in intra-cellular calcium levels is not considered to be themechanism underlying its effects in cancer cell apopto-sis and invasion...
... copper binding or loss of its bindingcould be related to specific cerebellar function(s) ofstefin B [18], which remains to be seen by more in vivostudies.Stefin B as a copper binding proteinWe ... places, but in particular, stefin B has a numberof histidines in the C-terminus (box in Fig. 1) at sites:92, 75, 66 and 58. As histidine residues are central to copper binding in many proteins they ... found to bind to stefin B at pH 7 but not to stefin A (Fig. 2). The bind-ing isotherm data were fitted to sequential binding siteparameters and the best fit, producing the smallest v2values, indicated...
... isassociated with mutations in the AUH gene. This indi-cated that AUH, inadditiontoits RNA binding func-tion, must play an important rolein leucine catabolism.AUH was overproduced in E. coli and characterizedby ... had another function in cellular metabolism. Indeed, AUH had enoyl-CoAhydratase activity, which was described as an additionalintrinsic function of the protein. Itsrolein intermediarymetabolism, ... present work was initiated to kinetically charac-terize AUH on its presumed natural substrate 3-MG-CoA using a new strategy for its synthesis anddeveloping a new assay. In addition, a mutant...
... bydetermining the relative uptake of glutamine; (b) bysearching for changes in the intestinal proteome; and(c) by examining glutamine incorporation into cellularproteins. The Caco-2 cell line was ... status in cells and the fourthgroup in glutamine metabolism.Annexin A2 and A4 belong to a family of solublecytoplasmic proteins that can bind to the membranesurface in response to elevations in ... labelling of 20 distinct proteins, which are indicated in bold. NQ, No glutamine-containing peptides in spectrumpeaks. C-term, C-terminal part of protein; N-term, N-terminal part of protein.SpotAccessionnumber...
... was transformedinto E. coli strain TOP10F¢ (Invitrogen). The transformedcellsweregrowntoaD600at 37 °CinSOBmediumsupplemented with 50 lgÆmL)1ampicillin. To induce pro-tein expression, isopropyl ... removed and minced with a surgical knife.The minced tissue was wrapped in cotton gauze andsuspended in NaCl/Picontaining 100 lgÆmL)1penicillin/streptomycin at 37 °C for 3 h. After incubation ... cDNAswere determined by the Sanger dideoxy chain terminationmethod using a PRISMTMReady Dye Terminator CycleSequencing Kit (PerkinElmer). DNA samples were ana-lyzed using an automated sequencer...
... CLAP witha phosphoprotein stain did not reveal phosphate additions to these proteins. Only lanes in the gel containing the knownphosphoproteins ovalbumin, b-casein and pepsin gave areaction. Thus, ... doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.2004.04338.xbinding domains, so the presence of a GTP/ATP bindingregion in CLAP may indicate an energy dependent mech-anism for pro-CLAP processing or cathepsin L dockingand stabilization not found in ... fasciclin domains in CLAPwith other fasciclin I containing proteins is clear (Fig. 9).UsingBLAST(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST) to identify related proteins, a putative cell adhesion proteinfrom...
... ankyrin repeat motif-containing proteins play an important role in protein–protein interactions. ANKHD1 proteins are known to possessmultiple ankyrin repeat domains and a single KH domain with ... proteins also participate in protein–proteininteractions via their repeat motifs [5,6]. Using yeasttwo-hybrid system analysis, we identified a proteincontaining a single ankyrin repeat that interacts ... may play a role in promoting proliferation and preventing apoptosis [8].dMASK mediates receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) sign-aling, independent of MAP kinase (MAPK) by eitherfunctioning downstream...
... containingarbutin or salicin as substrate; 100% C initial, i ncreasingD t o 2 0% (10 min), 50% ( 15 min), 100% (5 min), held at100% (5 min); cyanodin glycosides; 5% B/95% A initial(5 min), increasing ... the enzyme/inhibitor mixture to 180 lLofsubstrate (4NPGlc), incubating for 30 min at 37 °C, andmeasuring the rel ease of 4NP.Protein assays and protein sequencingTotal protein in crude and ... (rutin)Quercetin-4¢-GlAKaempferol-3-GlcIsorhamnetin-3-GlcFlavanones Naringenin-7-GlcRha (naringin)Hesperetin-7-GlcRha (hesperidin)Dihydrochalcones Phloretin-7-Glc (phlorizin)Secoiridoids OleuropeinAnthocyanidins Cyanidin-3-Glc (kuromanin)Cyanidin-3,5-diGlcFig....
... commission’s findings, the Committee on the Assessment of the Role of Solar and Space Physics in NASA’s Space Exploration Initiative chose to interpret its charge in the broadest sense and to examine ... difficult to incorporate into the long planning cycles needed to get a mission into the strategic mission queues. The Explorer program can also provide opportunities to respond rapidly to specific ... this wind, traveling through interplanetary space, impacting planetary magnetospheres, and finally penetrating beyond our solar system. It is these fast particles that pose a threat to exploring...
... splicing of the intron RNA intothe insertion site in the DNA are shown at the top. Solid lines indicate DNA and dashed lines correspond to intron RNA.M. D. Molina-Sa´nchez et al. Group II intron ... RNA-binding domain(domain X) associated with RNA splicing or maturase activity and aC-terminal DNA binding ⁄ DNA endonuclease region. The intron-encodedprotein encoded by the mobile group II intron ... involving a RNP complex containingboth the intron RNA and the IEP [7–9].The group II IEPs have an N-terminal RT domainhomologous to retroviral RTs, followed by a putativeRNA-binding domain...
... andeconomy's financial sector. They analyze the streamlining public investment. But the in- role that interest rate policy could play in creases in interest rates should be high enough to Egypt's ... deposits in the economy's total money supply. Indeed, asdepicted in Figure 2, the ratio of foreign currency deposits held in domesticbanks to the total stock of money, i.e. M, has increased ... liberalized investment environment and in a financial system dominated by the banking sector, interest rates will be thekey financial prices to guide investment decisions and to ensure...
... domains are related toits zinc-binding prop-erties. In vertebrates, zinc-binding proteins in serum,such as albumin and vitellogenin (which circulate in the bloodstream and transport zinc between ... that CFMYP diminishes its zinc-binding capacity by losing at least one zinc-binding siteafter itsrolein zinc transport is completed. We believethat all of the CFMYP incorporated into the oocytesis ... have zinc-binding motifs containingthe catalytic or structural zinc commonly found in zincenzymes and gene regulatory proteins. Such well-known zinc-binding motifs are also not found in thesequence...