diseases and disorders of the eye are listed as mdc 4

WHEN THINGS GO WRONG – DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF THE HUMAN BRAIN docx

Tài liệu Diseases and Disorders of Finfish in Cage Culture doc

... depletion of ocean and coastal fisheryresources in some areas has led to the development of marine cage culture. The earliest record of cage culturepractices dates back to the late 1800s inSoutheast ... (Chapter3) are only briefly mentioned in Chapter 4 because of their lesser importance to freshwaterfish.There are books on infectious and on non-infectious diseases/ disorders of fish (e.g. Fish Diseases ... Asian Fisheries Society and World Aquaculture Society – SoutheastAsian Chapter, Bangkok, pp. 1–12.Hoffman, L.C. and Prinsloo, J.F. (1992) The use of holding cages for the spawning of Clariasgariepinus....

COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE_2 pdf

Danh mục: Sức khỏe giới tính

... ankylosis, and then continue a productive life. Disorders of the digital skin and heelsWhereas hoof disorders arise from the corium and are largely managemental in origin, diseases of the interdig-ital ... 7. 149 has severe atrophy of the hindquarters. The forefeet are placed caudally and the hindfeet cranially to increase the proportion of weight borne by the forequarters. The acetabulum of ... incorrect hoof paring.Clinical features: they may present as larger areas of hemorrhage in zone 5 (7.20) or more commonly simply as a softening of the sole, as in 7.21. Note how the hoof wall has...

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COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE_1 docx

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... Cleft palate (Holstein calf) (USA) ACOLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 54 4In utero infection in the second trimester, before the age of immunological competence of the fetus, can lead to the birth of a persistently ... Warble ﬂy infestation showing several encysted subcutaneous larvae COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 48 3Ear necrosis from frostbite The tips of both ears of the Limousin cow (3.73) are missing: the cause was neonatal frostbite. ... COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE503contracts, constricts the blood ﬂow and produces swell-ing and ulceration, as seen on the left of the fecolith in 3.80. When removed, the full...

Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 12) ppt

Danh mục: Sức khỏe giới tính

... Their diagnosis is obvious when they are visible as glittering particles upon the surface of the optic disc. However, in many patients they are hidden beneath the surface, producing pseudo-papilledema. ... (Fig. 29-13). They are unrelated to drusen of the retina, which occur in age-related macular degeneration. Optic disc drusen are most common in people of northern European descent. Their diagnosis ... to the diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension). The majority of patients are young, female, and obese. Treatment with a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor such as...

Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 14) pps

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... Cataracts are acquired in a variety of genetic diseases, such as myotonic dystrophy, neurofibromatosis type 2, and galactosemia. Radiation therapy and glucocorticoid treatment can induce cataract as ... Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 14) Stroke This occurs when interruption of blood supply from the posterior cerebral artery to the visual cortex is prolonged. The only finding ... viewing light reflected from the fundus with an ophthalmoscope or by examining the dilated eye using the slit lamp. The only treatment for cataract is surgical extraction of the opacified lens. Over...

Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 16) pps

Danh mục: Sức khỏe giới tính

... by administration of panretinal laser photocoagulation at the appropriate point in the evolution of the disease. For further discussion of the manifestations and management of diabetic retinopathy, ... detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium and the neurosensory retina. These detachments produce acute or chronic symptoms of metamorphopsia and blurred vision when the macula is involved. They are ... Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 16) Central Serous Chorioretinopathy This primarily affects males between the ages of 20 and 50. Leakage of serous fluid from the choroid causes...

Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 17) potx

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... 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 17) Melanoma and Other Tumors Melanoma is the most common primary tumor of the eye (Fig. 29-18). It causes photopsia, an enlarging scotoma, and loss of vision. ... atrophy of retrobulbar fat, or fracture of the orbital floor. The position of the eyes within the orbits is measured using a Hertel exophthalmometer, a hand-held instrument that records the position ... to a therapeutic trial of systemic glucocorticoids indirectly provides the best confirmation of the diagnosis. When the globes appear asymmetric, the clinician must first decide which eye...

Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 18) ppt

Danh mục: Sức khỏe giới tính

... stretching and redundancy of eyelid skin and subcutaneous fat (dermatochalasis). The extra weight of these sagging tissues causes the lid to droop. Enlargement or deformation of the eyelid from infection, ... insertion of its aponeurosis into the eyelid. Acquired ptosis can develop so gradually that the patient is unaware of the problem. Inspection of old photographs is helpful in dating the onset. ... ptosis that worsens late in the day is typical of myasthenia gravis. Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 18) Orbital Cellulitis This causes pain, lid erythema, proptosis, conjunctival...

Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 19) ppsx

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... spectrum of systemic diseases caused by mutations of mitochondrial DNA. As the name implies, the most prominent findings are symmetric, slowly progressive ptosis and limitation of eye movements. ... suppressed from the nonfixating eye. In some children, this leads to impaired vision (amblyopia, or "lazy" eye) in the deviated eye. Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 19) ... restrictive diplopia. The diagnosis of restriction is usually made by recognizing other associated signs and symptoms of local orbital disease in conjunction with imaging. Myasthenia Gravis (See...

Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 20) ppt

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... testing. Most cases are thought to result from microvascular infarction of the nerve, somewhere along its course from the brainstem to the orbit. Usually the patient complains of pain. Diabetes, ... hypertension, and vascular disease are major risk factors. Spontaneous recovery over a period of months is the rule. If this fails to occur, or if new findings develop, the diagnosis of microvascular ... meningioma, metastasis), herpes zoster infection, and the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. The etiology of an isolated, pupil-sparing oculomotor palsy often remains an enigma, even after neuroimaging and extensive...

Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 21) pps

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... palsy, most cases are assumed to represent microvascular infarcts because they often occur in the setting of diabetes or other vascular risk factors. Some cases may develop as a postinfectious ... sampling of the cerebrospinal fluid. The cancer-associated Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome can also produce ophthalmoplegia. Giant cell hemorrhage, vascular malformation, and multiple sclerosis are ... generally have the opposite effect: the eyes deviate conjugately away from the irritative focus. Parietal lesions disrupt smooth pursuit of targets moving toward the side of the lesion. Bilateral...

Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 22) ppsx

Danh mục: Sức khỏe giới tính

... abduction of the eye on the other side. Figure 29-19 nucleus of Cajal cause supranuclear paresis of upgaze, downgaze, or all vertical eye movements. Distal basilar artery ischemia is the most ... level of the midbrain. The neuronal circuits affected in disorders of vertical gaze are not fully elucidated, but lesions of the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus ... of the eyes, usually constant in all positions of gaze. The finding has poor localizing value because skew deviation has been reported after lesions in widespread regions of the brainstem and...