[...]... stillbirths, and hence affected cattle, usually Holsteins, have reduced 1.15.  Arthrogryposis and torticollis (Friesian) 6 COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 1 1.16.  CVM cow fertility, manifesting as poor conception rates Surviving animals may show skeletal malformations such as a foreshortened neck and thorax, deformed carpal and metacarpal joints, and, as in 1.16, a distortion, twisting, and. .. 2009/10, 70 of a group of 85 South Devon x Angus calves showed shortened limbs, joint laxity (especially of the fetlocks), dyspnea in the first days 1.4.  Meningocele (Hereford cross, 4 days old) 1.6.  Brachycephalic dwarfism (Hereford) 4 COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 1 1.7.  Brachycephalic dwarfism (Simmental cross) 1.8.  Brachycephalic dwarfism “bulldog calf” (Ayrshire) of life, and in... week old) 2.23.  Autopsy of calf with salmonellosis showing diphtheritic enteritis (USA) 2.25.  Necrosis of ear tips in peracute septicemia (Friesian) 20 COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 2 2.26.  Gangrene and skin necrosis of distal limb (Hereford cross, 4 months old) 2.27.  Acute abomasitis (Friesian, 2 weeks old) Differential diagnosis:  many other causes of enteritis including digestive... abscessation and peritonitis 2.9.  Umbilical hernia 16 COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 2 2.10.  Jejunal loops in strangulated umbilical hernia depicts discomfort Many smaller hernias are not associated with pain Rarely, in moderate-sized umbilical hernias, the jejunal loops become strangulated, and the calf is in severe pain, becomes toxemic, and dies within a day or two Autopsy of one such... passed in the feces Note the characteristic white fecal soiling of the flanks and tail in this 3-week-old Holstein heifer (2.19) Originally considered to be part 2 18 COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 2 2.16.  Calf scour with rotavirus and cryptosporidial infection (Limousin cross) 2.19.  White scour (Holstein, 3 weeks old) of the colibacillosis syndrome, it is now known that white scour... usually by infection, of the tissues of the umbilicus Clinical features:  lacking skin or any other protective layer, the moist, fleshy navel cord is particularly prone to infection until it dries up, normally within 1 week of birth In the first calf (2.3) (shown at 3 days old) the enlarged and still moist navel cord is seen entering an 14 COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 2 2.1.  Umbilical... tongue ulceration C 2.46.  Autopsy of laryngeal necrobacillosis 26 COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 2 B A 2.47.  Laryngeal diphtheria vocal processes (B) and the medial angles of the arytenoid cartilages (C), where it restricts air passage In other cases (2.47) the caseous infection may be in the deeper tissues, such as on the left arytenoid area (A) of this 4-month-old Limousin cross... Introduction 27 Conditions of umbilicus (navel) This chapter covers disorders of the calf from birth until postweaning The first section deals with navel ill, umbilical hernia, and general conditions of the navel Later sections cover different forms of diarrhea and alopecia, with a miscellaneous group including calf diphtheria and joint ill According to the presenting signs, other diseases of calfhood are considered... defect of US Holstein cattle, but also occurs in several other breeds One or more limbs may be affected Epitheliogenesis imperfecta A congenital absence of skin, in this case (1.25) involving the digital horn, seen most clearly in the hind feet In a young Holstein calf (1.26), the extensive loss of digital 1.23.  Anal mucus from intestinal obstruction 8 COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE... pathognomonic, ruminal tympany Prevention:  avoid overfeeding and sudden dietary changes 2.30.  Abomasal torsion at celiotomy (Italy) 2.31.  Coccidiosis with severe tenesmus and bloody feces 2 22 COLOR ATLAS OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF CATTLE 2 2.32.  Coccidiosis showing thickened hemorrhagic colon (USA) Differentials include salmonellosis (2.22–2.24), BVD (4.3), and necrotic enteritis (see below) 2.34.  Crusty . England, 1. 8, 2.48, 3.5, 3 .11 , 3 .12 , 4.4, 4 .18 , 4.87, 5.32, 7 .12 , 7.40, 7.45, 7.37, 7. 91, 8.6, 8 .18 , 8.23, 10 .54, 10 .89, 11 .5, 11 .9, 11 . 31, 11 .45. Heather Stevenson, SAC, Dumfries, Scotland, 12 . 71. . Brazil, 2. 51, 7 .16 4, 7 .16 5, 7 .17 0, 7 .17 4, 9.32, 13 .5, 13 .14 , 13 .15 , 13 .17 , 13 .18 , 13 .24. Dr. A.I. Donaldson, Animal Virus Research Institute, Pirbright, England, 12 .4, 12 .5, 12 .6, 12 .7. Dr. S.H 2 .14 , 9.44. Mr. J.B. Sproat, Castle Douglas, Scotland, 1. 5, 1. 7, 3 .16 , 3.69, 4 .17 , 4.36, 7.88, 8.25, 9 .14 , 9.37, 10 .16 , 10 .29, 11 .23, 12 .66, 12 . 71, 12 .79. † Mr. T.K. Stephens, Frome, England,