behavioral and motivational mechanisms of the brain—the limbic system and the hypothalamus
Textbook of Medical Physiology: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, pptx
... and “Punishment” Function of the Limbic System Importance of Reward or Punishment in Behavior Specific Functions of Other Parts of the Limbic System Functions of the Hippocampus Functions of the ... such that they help maintain the automaticity and continuity of life Control Systems of the Body The human body has thousands of control systems in it The most intricate of these are the genetic ... understand the function of organs and other structures of the body, it is essential that we first understand the basic organization of the cell and the functions of its component parts Organization of...
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TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY pps
... and “Punishment” Function of the Limbic System Importance of Reward or Punishment in Behavior Specific Functions of Other Parts of the Limbic System Functions of the Hippocampus Functions of the ... such that they help maintain the automaticity and continuity of life Control Systems of the Body The human body has thousands of control systems in it The most intricate of these are the genetic ... understand the function of organs and other structures of the body, it is essential that we first understand the basic organization of the cell and the functions of its component parts Organization of...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Ion channel activity of brain abundant protein BASP1 in planar lipid bilayers pptx
... in the presence of liposomes composed of anionic lipids [35] The formation of an ion-conducting channel probably proceeds through the association of several BASP1 monomers on the surface of the ... supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants 08-04-00432, 09-04-00883), the Molecular and Cell Biology Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the President of Russian ... technique The addition of BASP1 to the solution in the cis-compartment resulted in the spontaneous incorporation of BASP1 molecules into the planar bilayer, which was accompanied by the appearance of...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Brain-computer interfacing using modulations of alpha activity induced by covert shifts of attention" pdf
... reduce the danger of evoking event-related potentials specific to the direction of the cue The cue was a hexagon with each of the six faces pointing to one of the target discs Three of the faces ... conceptualized the study NS, MT, and BB implemented the software and ran the measurements MT prepared a first draft of the manuscript AB, MG, and MT performed the classification and contributed the respective ... were valid in 80% of the trials In the other 20% of the cases, the target appeared at a different random location The target symbol was randomly chosen, with equal chances for ‘+’ and ‘×’ Target...
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Báo cáo hóa học: "Research Article A Method for Visualizing Independent Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Brain Activity" potx
... = R(I − D)RT , (5) where the columns of R are the eigenvectors, and the diagonal elements of D and (D − I) are the eigenvalues of classes and 2, respectively Note that the maximum eigenvalues ... of the monitor The trial began with the cursor at the left center of the monitor It moved at a constant rate toward the right, reaching the right side of the monitor after seconds The users’ goal ... consistent for the majority of users, which supports the notion of preferred phase coupling between the μ and β bands [4] To confirm that the ISTPs are in fact useful and valid results, the two ISTP...
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Social Phobia as a Consequence of Brain Defects
... aggregation among probands of social phobia of the generalized subtype (16%) than among the relatives of the specific (6%) and normal (6%) participants A test of the degree of specificity of the family ... foreshadowed in the absence of a neurobiological theory of social phobia and hence the lack of specific hypotheses to guide research In that case, the formulation of such a theory, or better still theories, ... biological correlates of social phobia In the absence of a theoretical framework to guide these, what could be the foundations of this line of research? The general premise of these studies has been...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Signaling events mediating activation of brain ethanolamine plasmalogen hydrolysis by ceramide pot
... v/v/v/v), and (c) chloroform/methanol/acetic acid (65 : 2.5 : 4, v/v/v) The first solvent system was developed through the plate, the second reached cm from the bottom of the plate, whereas the third ... solvent systems (a) and (c) described above, but the former reached cm from the top of the plate, whereas the latter was developed through the plate, as described previously [2] Lipid standards ... with iodine vapor, and the bands of 1-O-acylCer and nonesterified fatty acids were scraped from the plates to quantitate the radioactivity incorporated by liquid scintillation The bands corresponding...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Oxidative stress is involved in the permeabilization of the inner membrane of brain mitochondria exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation and low micromolar Ca2+ Lorenz Schild1 and Georg Reiser2 doc
... opening of the mPTP [45] Thereby oxidation of SH-groups of the adenine nucleotide translocator stimulates pore opening We hypothesize that elimination of ROS may reduce the permeabilization of the ... consequences of this treatment The high degree of protection by ADP suggests that the mitochondrial injury is caused by opening of the mPTP There is evidence that ADP inhibits opening of the mPTP ... on the type of brain ischemia (focal or global) and the animal species (rat or mouse) The in vivo application of the Mito Tracker Red CMH(2)Xros, a rosamine derivative used for the detection of...
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EVOLUTION OF THE MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF BRAIN TUMORS AND THE THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS pdf
... Evolution of the Molecular Biology of Brain Tumors and the Therapeutic Implications high grade gliomas The structure and compounds of the ECM of the brain tissue have many specific differences from other ... infiltrate the enviro‐ ment and form it similar to the tumor tissue The process of the peritumoral invasion de‐ pends on the confrontation zone of the tumor cells and the non-neoplastic cells and ECM ... mortality of the patient Moreover, the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the passage of a wide variety of anticancer agents The high incidence of recur‐ rence and poor prognosis of malignant...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Insights into the activation of brain serine racemase by the multi-PDZ domain glutamate receptor interacting protein, divalent cations and ATP ppt
... interactions in the presence and absence of the nucleotide According to our results, the absence of modulation of the oligomeric state of the enzyme by the nucleotide is in clear contrast with the behaviour ... sequencing Then, they were double digested with NdeI plus SalI and ligated into the corresponding sites of pCWori In all cases, the hexa-His was at the N-terminal end of the protein and the FLAG ... that binding of this fragment of GRIP to SR changed both the Km and the Vmax of the reaction The Km for d-serine synthesis increased from 1.9 mm in the absence of GRIP fragment (filled circles)...
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Báo cáo khoa học: D-Amino acids in the brain: the biochemistry of brain serine racemase potx
... characterization of the role of the interaction of serine racemase and PICK1 is needed to judge the importance of these observations Surely the L-Ser interaction of PICK1 with PKC leads to the temptation ... activation Rather, the presence of the rest of the C-terminal region of GRIP, that is the PDZ7 module and a linking segment between PDZ6 and PDZ7, was required for full activation of serine racemase, ... whereas the latter associates with the GluR2 subunit (D) The simultaneous phosphorylation of the GluR2 subunit of the AMPAR together with the phosphorylation of serine racemase releases GRIP to the...
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the mit press the handbook of brain theory and neural networks second edition nov 2002
... cross-references to other articles in the Handbook These may occur either in the body of the article in the form THE TITLE OF THE ARTICLE IN SMALL CAPS, or at the end of the article, designated ... Gordon and the copy editors and typesetters who transformed the diverse styles of the manuscripts into the style of the Handbook; and to the graduate students who helped so much with the proofreading ... dendrites and soma (cell body) constitute the major part of the input surface of the neuron The axon is the “output line.” The tips of the branches of the axon form synapses upon other neurons...
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Báo cáo sinh học: "Association between neuroserpin and molecular markers of brain damage in patients with acute ischemic stroke" pot
... with the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association (2000) and approved by the Ethics Committee of the participating hospital Informed consent was obtained from each patient or their ... and designed the research; analyzed and interpreted the data; performed statistical analysis, handled funding and supervision and drafted the manuscript RRG, DB, OM, have acquired, analyzed and ... analyzed and interpreted the clinical data and made critical revision of the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare that they have...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Immunopathogenesis of brain abscess" potx
... large portion of brain tissue, often spreading well beyond the initial focus of infection Therefore, controlling the intensity and/ or duration of the anti-bacterial immune response in the brain may ... However, they could be envisioned to influence the accumulation of monocytes and lymphocytes into the brain and possibly the establishment of adaptive immune responses Indeed, we and others have ... presentation in the central nervous system The inhibitory effect of IL-10 on MHC class II expression and production of cytokines depends on the inducing signals and the type of cell analyzed...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Differential aquaporin 4 expression during edema build-up and resolution phases of brain inflammation" doc
... counteract the opening of the BBB On the other hand, the pronounced but delayed upregulation of AQP4 participates in the resolution phase of edema [11] (Figure 8) Page 10 of 16 Our knowledge of AQP4 ... software) was confirmed by electrophoresis and the observation of a single peak after the Melt® procedure Quantification cycles (Cq) were determined with the Bio-Rad software and the Cq of the ... (NanoDrop; Thermo Scientific) The quality of extraction was assessed by the A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios, Page of 16 which were always ≥1.8, and by electrophoresis on a 1.5% agarose gel The absence of...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Origin and consequences of brain Toll-like receptor 4 pathway stimulation in an experimental model of depression" docx
... astrocytes and resident microglia express a large majority of the already discovered 10 TLRs has challenged the way neuroscience explains the role of the immune system in the brain and, as a result, the ... in depressed patients and has been related to the inflammatory pathophysiology of the disease [23] Thus, the aims of the present study were to evaluate (1) activation of the TLR-4 pathway in brain ... movements of the forepaws along the side of the swim chamber The time of swimming was measured when the rats showed active swimming movement throughout the swim chamber that also included Page of 14...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Association between neuroserpin and molecular markers of brain damage in patients with acute ischemic stroke" pdf
... with the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association (2000) and approved by the Ethics Committee of the participating hospital Informed consent was obtained from each patient or their ... and designed the research; analyzed and interpreted the data; performed statistical analysis, handled funding and supervision and drafted the manuscript RRG, DB, OM, have acquired, analyzed and ... analyzed and interpreted the clinical data and made critical revision of the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare that they have...
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CONCISE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BRAIN AND LANGUAGE pdf
... the necessity to integrate two levels of representation: the syntactic and the discourse level in the case of comprehension and the syntactic and the message level in the case of production The ... Edition), the Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences, the Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, the Encyclopedia of Gerontology and the Handbook of the Neuroscience of Language The articles are broadly ... understand and those they cannot) arise only by virtue of the atheoretical default strategy Thus, if the aim of the study of agrammatism is to contribute to the linking of two bodies of knowledge,...
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Báo cáo y học: "Plasmatic B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and C-Reactive Protein in Hyperacute Stroke as Markers of Ct-Evidence of Brain Edema." pptx
... development of CT-based evidence of delayed brain edema, and that these proteins increase in response to edema The second objective of the study is to know whether the values of these proteins ... presence/absence of normality in the distribution of the variables We also analyzed correlation between stroke severity and the values of 19 CRP and NT-PBNP The predictive values were analyzed by means of the ... being independent None of the patients included in the study had overt evidence of infection on admission on the basis of standard blood and urine tests, X-film of the chest and temperature controls...
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báo cáo khoa học: "Multimodality treatment of brain metastases: an institutional survival analysis of 275 patients" pdf
... control of primary cancer, presence of extracranial disease, number of brain metastases, size of brain metastases, location of brain metastases, and at the discretion of the treating physician Of the ... receiving WBRT, the median total dose prescribed was 30 Gy (5 Gy to 54 Gy) Length of follow-up was determined as the time interval between the date of first treatment and the date of the most recent ... to the survival of the patients in the WBRT alone treatment group (95% CI, 1.37-2.73) and that the survival of the resection with SRS treatment group was statistically superior (p = 0.020) to the...
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