introduction to programming in c lecture notes

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ doc

... ofstring manipulation. These include inserting and erasing, searching and replacing, com-paring, and concatenating strings.Chapter 10 describes how to write functions of your own. The basic rules ... unions are introduced asexamples of special classes.Chapter 14 describes how constructors and destructors are defined to create anddestroy objects. Also discussed are how inline methods, access ... 246Defining Methods 248Defining Objects 250Using Objects 252Pointers to Objects 254Structs 256Unions 258Exercise 260Solution 262Chapter 14 Methods 265Constructors 266Constructor Calls...

Diane zak introduction to programming with c++

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... means— graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and ... program.  e computer solutions you create in this chapter will contain the sequence control structure only, in which each instruction is processed in order from beginning to end. Computer solutions ... to be followed when 2CHAPTER 1 An Introduction to Programming Programming a Computer In essence, the word programming means giving a mechanism the directions to accomplish a task. If you...

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Kirch prinz, prinz a complete guide to programming in c++

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... polymorphicclasses. In addition to defining virtual functions, dynamic downcasting in polymorphicclass hierarchies is introduced.Chapter 26 describes how defining pure virtual methods can create ... ofstring manipulation. These include inserting and erasing, searching and replacing, com-paring, and concatenating strings.Chapter 10 describes how to write functions of your own. The basic rules ... 734Explicit Instantiation 736Exercises 738Solutions 742Chapter 33 Containers 749Container Types 750Sequences 752Iterators 754Declaring Sequences 756Inserting in Sequences 758Accessing Objects...

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An Introduction to Programming in Emacs Lisp pot

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... reading this in Info inside of GNU Emacs,you can do this by putting the cursor after the symbol and typing C- x C- e:fill-columnAfter I typ ed C- x C- e, Emacs printed the number 72 in my echo ... the ﬁrst line a complete sentence since some commands, such asapropos, print only the ﬁrst line of a multi-line documentation string. Also,you should not indent the second line of a documentation ... symbol can have any value attached to it or, to use the jargon, we canbind the variable to a value: to a number, such as 72; to a string, "such asthis"; to a list, such as (spruce pine...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ potx

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... string 153Defining and Assigning Strings 154Concatenating Strings 156Comparing Strings 158Inserting and Erasing in Strings 160Searching and Replacing in Strings 162Accessing Characters in ... introduces comments. Strings enclosed in /* . . . */ or start-ing with // are interpreted as comments.EXAMPLES:/* I can coverseveral lines */// I can cover just one line In single-line comments ... The characterset defines which code represents a certain character. When displaying characters onscreen, the applicable character codes are transmitted and the “receiver,” that is thescreen,...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 85 potx

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... accessed in, 164comparing, 158concatenating, 156, 157escape sequences used in, 29initializing, 154, 155inserting and erasing in, 160, 161numbers converted to, 288output of, 68, 69searching ... objects in container, 771sizeof operator, 21sort() methodlist container sorted by call to, 767SortVec container classmerge() method of, 762search() method of, 760using, 756Source code, ... 33defining in if statements, 105names of, 31pointer, 683sample program, 32Variable type, 77Vector, 323vector container class, 755constructors of, 757methods for deleting objects in, 765Vectorsiterating,...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 1 ppsx

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... polymorphicclasses. In addition to defining virtual functions, dynamic downcasting in polymorphicclass hierarchies is introduced.Chapter 26 describes how defining pure virtual methods can create abstract classesand ... andhow access control to base classes can be realized.Chapter 24 discusses implicit type conversion within class hierarchies, which occurs in the context of assignments and function calls. Explicit ... contain several case studies to help students review the subject.Chapter 22 explains how to implement classes containing pointers to dynamicallyallocated memory. These include your own copy constructor...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 2 doc

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... 154Concatenating Strings 156Comparing Strings 158Inserting and Erasing in Strings 160Searching and Replacing in Strings 162Accessing Characters in Strings 164Exercises 166Solutions 168Chapter ... and routing techniques.Additional FeaturesChapter Goals A concise chapter introduction, which contains a description of thechapter’s contents, is presented at the beginning of each chapter. ... points to look for throughout the chapter.Chapter Exercises Each chapter contains exercises, including programming problems,designed to test students’ knowledge and understanding of the main...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 3 pptx

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... 736Exercises 738Solutions 742Chapter 33 Containers 749Container Types 750Sequences 752Iterators 754Declaring Sequences 756Inserting in Sequences 758Accessing Objects 760Length and Capacity ... object controls access to its own data. Morespecifically, an object can reject erroneous access attempts■ easy re-use: objects maintain themselves and can therefore be used as buildingblocks ... programming (or OOP for short),which are:■ data abstraction, that is, the creation of classes to describe objects■ data encapsulation for controlled access to object data■ inheritance by creating...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 4 pot

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... The characterset defines which code represents a certain character. When displaying characters onscreen, the applicable character codes are transmitted and the “receiver,” that is thescreen, ... for correctly interpreting the codes.The C+ + language does not stipulate any particular characters set, although in gen-eral a character set that contains the ASCII code (American Standard Code ... Code for Informa-tion Interchange) is used. This 7-bit code contains definitions for 32 control characters(codes 0 – 31) and 96 printable characters (codes 32 – 127).The char (character) type...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 5 pot

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... TYPES (CONTINUED)■21ᮀ Floating-Point TypesNumbers with a fraction part are indicated by a decimal point in C+ + and are referred to as floating-point numbers. In contrast to integers, floating-point ... floating-point numbers must be stored to a preset accuracy. The following three types are available for calculations involvingfloating-point numbers:float for simple accuracydouble for double accuracylong ... string can occupy two lines is another new feature. Stringconstants separated only by white spaces will be concatenated to form a single string. To continue a string in the next line you can also...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 6 potx

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... the variable has changed since it was last accessed. The compiler thereforecreates machine code to read the value of the variable whenever it is accessed instead ofrepeatedly using a value that ... specific use.EXAMPLES: c, ch for charactersi, j, k, l, m, n for integers, in particular indicesx, y, z for floating-point numbers To improve the readability of your programs you should choose ... such as numbers, characters, or even complete records are stored in variables to enable their processing by a program. Variables are also referred to as objects, particularlyif they belong to...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 7 docx

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... fileCopyCopymyheader.hHeader fileapplication.cppSource file// Declaration// of cin, cout,// . . .#include <iostream>#include "myheader.h"int main(){ int a; . . . cin ... angledbrackets < >, it is common to search for header files in the include folder only.The current directory is not searched to increase the speed when searching for headerfiles. C+ + programmers ... cinand cout streams. cin is an object of the istream class and cout an object of theostream class. 40■CHAPTER 3 USING FUNCTIONS AND CLASSES■DECLARING FUNCTIONSExample of a function prototypeThe...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 8 potx

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... illustrates.ᮀ Calling MethodsAll the methods defined as public within the corresponding class can be called for anobject. In contrast to calling a global function, a method is always called for ... file, cname, which declares the same identifiers in the std namespace. Including the file math.h is thus equivalent to Example: #include <cmath>using namespace std;The string.h or cstring ... strings.#include <iostream> // Declaration of cin, cout#include <string> // Declaration of class stringusing namespace std;int main(){// Defines four strings:string prompt("What is your...

A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 9 pdf

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... precisionSample programManipulator EffectsSets the precision to n.Returns the used precision.int precision (int n);int precision() const;Manipulator EffectsGenerates a decimal point charactershown ... Declarations of cin, cout andusing namespace std; // manipulators oct, hex, int main(){int number;cout << "Please enter an integer: ";cin >> number;cout << uppercase // ... EffectsReturns the minimum field width usedSets the minimum field width to nReturns the fill character usedSets the fill character to chint width() const;int width(int n);int fill() const;int...