... produced with the aim of achieving equiv-alence in concepts (i.e. conceptual equivalence) andmeaning (i.e. semantic equivalence), from which a con-sensus forward Malay translation was obtained, ... final version of the manuscript.Additional materialAcknowledgementsThe authors wish to thank Professor Nicholas J. Talley, Mayo Clinic Motility Interest Group, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, ... [5].Disease-specific HRQoL instruments, as opposed togeneric HRQoL instruments, are better able to detectHRQoL changes for specific diseases and hence are moreclinically useful for detecting the effectiveness...
... HRQOL in elementary school children. Theimpact of being overweight appears to affect both thephysical and psychosocial health of children as young as5 years of age. In fact, our findings suggest ... prevalence of children in eachscore category was calculated based upon their BMI classi-fication. Physical and psychosocial scores were regroupedinto dichotomous variables where students with scoresless ... emotional deter-minants of health are of interest. Health indices are useful in health policy and economic evaluation, because a sin-gle score is useful in making choices and decisions. TheSF-series...
... adequate intervention [15,16].Accordingly, evaluation of the quality of life has becomea focus of interest not only in population studies, but also in clinical medicine [17], particularly in patients ... obesity recorded in other countries[7]. Problems arising from the increase of obesity in thepopulation include not only the mechanical impact of excess weight and its physical restrictions, the ... exercise, excluding walking, lasting a mini-mum of 30 minutes per day, and walking alone, again fora minimum period of 30 minutes. Both groups wherethen subdivided according to frequency:...
... recorded toenable classification of socioeconomic status according tothe inflation adjusted (wholesale price index) Kup-puswamy scale (KS) i.e high socioeconomic class (HSEC),middle socioeconomic ... quality of life scores in lower socioeconomic strata was observed (Primary index score HSEC-4.0, MSEC-3.7, LSEC-2.9 (2.5 to 3.4)), Sec-ondary index score HSEC- 2.5, MSEC 2.8, LSEC- 2.0).Difficulty ... Primary Index Score3.7(3.1 to 4.3) Primary Index Score2.9(2.5 to 3.4)Secondary index Score (max = 10; n = 195)2.9(2.4 to 3.4) Secondary index Score3.0(2.4 to 3.7) Secondary index Score3.2(1.8...
... kpindicates a concurrence in both force and crank directions,and is most likely due to an increase in muscle forcesresulting from a decrease in ergometer cadence [35]. Thesignificant increase ... of bicy-cle pedaling. J Biomechanics 1985, 18(9):631-644.11. Brown NAT, Jensen JL: The development of contact force con-struction in the dynamic-contact task of cycling. J Biomechanics2003, ... Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA, 2Biomedical Engineering Program School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA and 3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,...
... number of subjects within each category. Shaded cells indicate highly discordant change between measures. Overall, such discordance occurred in approximately one in every 10 subjects. Change in ... each interview. In addition, we ascertainedspecific health outcomes attributed to rhinitis, including days of restricted activity, job effectiveness,number of physician visits, and medication costs.Results: ... perceived control of symptoms. In addition, we found that change in HRQLwas associated with changes in rhinitis-specific healthoutcomes, specifically days of restricted activity, job effec-tiveness,...
... if including DDGS in the diet of young growing pigs reduces the incidence or severity of clinical signs, fecal shedding, intestinal lesions and/or cellular infection indicating porcine proliferative ... the effects of feeding diets containing 0, 10, 20 or 30% DDGS on growth performance and carcass characteristics of grower-finisher pigs. They used a total of 240 crossbred pigs with an initial ... containing 10% DDGS have no negative on growth performance and carcass characteristics of grower-finisher pigs. In fact, the producer who fed the DDGS diets in this study obtained the same carcass...
... horizon. This createsan illusion, on the flat surface of a picture, of objects shrinking uniformly in scale as theyrecede in space and helps to convince us that weare looking at a genuine three-dimensionalsituation. ... vertically or lying on theground) with all the vertical poles diminishing in size as they proceed along the limiting lines of perspective towards a central vanishing pointlying in the centre of the ... often also called conté crayons. When using pastels or conté crayons, work ontinted stock such as Ingrespaper, testing your colours byselecting a creamy-beige tonedpaper and a darker brown-grey....
... nineteenthcentury. Instead, I look to the production of racial difference, and of racialized concepts, as part and parcel of the discursive apparatus of thisparticular colonial project, as of so ... consolidated their socioeconomic powerthrough a redefinition of gender roles and practices. Providing a criticaltool for reevaluating concepts of property and inheritance, this lensbrings into ... historical shift in the function of the familyfrom economic to affective group, Davidoff and Hall illuminate theinterrelation of the affective with the economic, pointing out the ways in which bourgeois...
... havedeclined, helps us to resist Habermas’s account of the more recentdecline of communicative processes from a critical role into thepassive one of producing consent. This theory of historical ... elaboration of a distinctive culture of civil society and of an associ-ated public sphere was implicated in the process of bourgeois class for-mation; its practices and ethos were markers of ‘distinction’ ... types of print in anirreversible march of social progress. From printing as a signifyingsystem capable of reproduction to print as the mechanized basis of that reproduction, technical advances in...