... (1992)Sakas and Fodor (2001), and Yang (2002). Theseall evaluate their learners on the basis ofa smallnumber of predefined syntactic parameters.Finally, our work addresses a misunderstand-ing about ... framework, and assume onlythat the learner has access to a small set of generalcombinatory schemata anda functional mappingfrom semantic type to syntactic category. Further-more, this paper ... syntacticand semantictypes, as well as a Bayesian prior encouraginggrammars with heavy reuse of existing rules and lexical items. We have shown that this model not only outperforms a state -of- the-art...
... Using a standard backoff trigram model as a default distribution, we built a class of exponential language models which use non- stationary features based on trigger words to allow the model ... Entropy and Bayesian Methods. Kluwer Aca- demic Publishers. DeLia Pietra, S., V. Della Pietra, and J. Lafferty. 1997. Inducing features of random fields. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine ... this model as a mizture of a two-stage exponential and a uniform distribution: Thus, we can again apply the EM algorithm to de- termine the mixing parameter a. This is a standard application...
... cellular modelof Parkinson’s disease pathogenesisTiziana Alberio1, Alessandra Maria Bossi2, Alberto Milli2, Elisa Parma1, Marzia Bruna Gariboldi1,Giovanna Tosi3, Leonardo Lopiano4 and ... biochemical alterationsassociated with the interplay of cytosolic dopamine and increased a- synuc-lein are still unclear. Catecholaminergic SH-SY5Y human neuroblastomacells are a suitable model ... (Bruker-Daltonik, Bremen,Germany). Capillary voltage was 1.5–2 kV anda dry gasflow rate of 10 LÆmin)1was used with a temperature of 230 °C. The scan range was 300–1800 m ⁄ z. The tandemmass spectra...
... than before,again including the occipital, temporal, and the frontal lobes, butinparticularbilateral orbital frontal corlex.Whatdothe results of Kawabata and Zeki (2004) and Skovefal. ... neuralcorrelates of preference and beauty, two variables that have affective and cognitive components. The areas activated by Vartanian and Goel (2004b) mayhave highlighted thosecOrlicalstructures ... (2004) and Chattetjee (2003) reveals similarities and differences. Both models acknowledgethe importance of early and late visual processes in the generation of anemotional response and theelaboration of a...
... Systems Modelling Data-base and can be accessed at http://jjj.biochem.sun.ac.za/database/curien/index.html free of charge.Materials and methodsChemicalsATP, Hepes, homoserine, NADH, AdoMet, lactate ... can be calculated as follows: ELISA assays werecarried out using rabbit antibodies raised against therecombinant proteins [12,14] and purified proteins asstandards. We measured that an extract ... concentration of AdoMet with Jcystathioninedecreasing and JThrincreasing as the concentration of AdoMet wasincreased. Half changes in Jcystathionine and JThrareobtained for a concentration in AdoMet...
... katakana katakana-kanji kanji-hiragana hiragana kanji-katakana kat akana-symbol-katakana number kanji-hiragana-kanji alphabet kanji-hir agana-kanji-hir agana hiragana-kanji percent 45.1% ... using a Statistical Modelof Morphology and Context Masaaki NAGATA NTT Cyber Space Laboratories 1-1 Hikari-no-oka Yokosuka-Shi Kanagawa, 239-0847 Japan nagata@nttnly, isl. ntt. co. jp Abstract ... words and Japanese words semantically equivalent to Chinese characters. Hiragana and katakana are syllabaries: The former is used primarily for gram- matical function words, such as particles and...
... relevant answers that an exact-matching model fails to retrieve because of lack of robustness, and the relevant answers that a non-structured model fails because of lack of structural specification. ... IAI-TR-99-12,University of Bonn. A Ranking Modelof Proximal and Structural Text RetrievalBased on Region AlgebraKatsuya MasudaDepartment of Computer Science, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology,University ... TREC-8, pages 151–161.Airi Salminen and Frank Tompa. 1994. Pat expressions:an algebra for text search. Acta Linguistica Hungar-ica, 41(1-4):277–306.Anja Theobald and Gerhard Weilkum. 2000. Addingrelevance...
... one another, and should be handled separately. Each is relevant to a different component of a plan-based modelof reference: the data base, the planner, and the utterance generator, respectively. ... conventional meaning and a speaker's intentions in such cases, we cannot hope to construct an adequate modelof referring and language use in general. Finally, Donnellan's distinction ... 189 DONNELLAN'S DISTINCTION AND A COMPUTATIONAL MODELOF REFERENCE Amichai Kronfeld Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International and 333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, CA 94025 kronfeld~sri-warbucks...
... question-naire was also available in English, translated into Englishby a professional translator.Background variables: Demographic and disease related variablesDemographic variables included parental ... MB, Laporte A, Coyte PC: Labor market work and homecare's unpaid caregivers: a systematic review of labor forceparticipation rates, predictors of labor market withdrawal, and hours of work. ... proper-ties, validity and reliability, of the TAAQOL were satisfac-tory [26]. Overall physical and overall mental HRQoLwere assessed by aggregation of all TAAQoL scale scoresaccording to the algorithm...
... toxicity, as shown byserum analysis for biochemical markers of liver and kidney and the histological examination of hematoxylin and eosin stained major organs (Figure 5). Taking allthese data into ... Foundation of China (Nos. 2006ABC009 and JX 4A0 6).Author details1Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.2Hubei Key Laboratory ... of infection; ELISA: enzyme-linkedimmunosorbant assay; TUNEL: terminal deoxynecleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartateaminotransferase;...
... Sato Y, Fujiwara T, Mine T, Shomura H, Homma S, Maeda Y, Tokunaga N,Ikeda Y, Ishihara Y, Yamada A, Tanaka N, Itoh K, Harada M, Todo S:Immunological evaluation of personalized peptide vaccination ... vaccination augments anti-cancerimmunity in a mouse modelof gastric cancer. Journal of TranslationalMedicine 2011 9:140.Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage ... 4 days before vaccination and tumor vac-cinations were repeated every two weeks for a total of 4vaccinations.In vitro T cell activation and expansionFor T cell analyses, mice were vaccinated...
... in compliance with the guidelines of the Fed-eration of European Laboratory Animal Science Associa-tion (FELASA) and approval was granted by theInstitutional Animal Care Committee of the University ... Dinarello CA, Novick D,Rubinstein M, Otto VI, Rancan M, Kossmann T, Redaelli CA, TrentzO, Shohami E, Stahel PF: Elevated intracranial IL-18 in humans and mice after traumatic brain injury and ... Mertsola J, Jafari H, Olsen KD, Hansen EJ,Yoshinaga M, Ohkawara S, Nariuchi H, McCracken Jr, G.H.: Tumornecrosis factor alpha / cachectin and interleukin 1 beta initi-ate meningeal inflammation....
... Bales KR, Cummins DJ, Dodart JC, Paul SM, HoltzmanDM: Peripheral anti -A beta antibody alters CNS and plasma A beta clearance and decreases brain A beta burden in a mouse modelof Alzheimer's ... immunohistochemistry,image analysis, data analysis and presentation and assisted with perfusions and animal care; OY performedimmunohistochemistry and image analysis; DC assistedwith the design of the study and ... of animals at 12–16 months with MAPAβ1–33 decreases thioflavine and anti CD45 reactivityFigure 2Immunization of animals at 12–16 months with MAPAβ1–33 decreases thioflavine and anti CD45 reactivity....
... Braak E: Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease. NeurobiolAging 2003, 24:197-211.2. Gallagher DA, Schapira AH: Etiopathogenesis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease. ... (CD200-/-)miceexhibit more characteristics of activation [30]. They areaggregated, less ramified and have shorter glial pro-cesses, as well as a disordered arrangement and increased expression of CD11b and CD45. ... as well as augmented microglial activation,observed in 6-OHDA/BAb-treated rats suggests thatabnormal CD200-CD200R signalling exacerbates micro-glial activation and plays an important role...