... slower components. Because faster components are typically the most expensive, you must perform a balancing act between speed and cost efficiency.CPU and Cache TeachYourself Oracle 8 In21 Days ... for certain functions, including data integrity, recovery from failure, error handling, and so on. This is accomplished via events such as checkpointing, logging, and archiving. The following ... utilities and networking components to connect you to the correct instance.A SID is up to four alphanumeric characters in length and is required in order to connect to an Oracle instance. The SID is...
... of a Class of Objects 18Creating a Class 19Running the Program 21 Organizing Classes and Class Behavior 24Inheritance 24Creating a Class Hierarchy 26Inheritance in Action 28Single ... about interfaces and packages, which are useful forgrouping classes and organizing a class hierarchy.2 Sams TeachYourself Java 6 in21 Days www.it-ebooks.info Overriding Methods 136Creating ... 532Certification Practice 532Exercises 533xvi Sams TeachYourself Java 6 in21 Days www.it-ebooks.info Each class farther down the hierarchy becomes more tailored to a specific purpose. Aclass...
... 2 SamsTeachYourself PL/SQL in21 Days, Second EditionMany of the chapters build on each other. As the book progresses from chapter to chap-ter, topics are covered in more detail and complexity, ... network traffic.Why are these problems? The procedural logic on client machines can quickly becomeout of sync if the software is upgraded. It can also be implemented incorrectly, resulting in a loss ... Expressions 86Converting Datatypes 92Implicit Conversion 92Explicit Conversion 94vi SamsTeachYourself PL/SQL in21 Days, Second Edition00 7982 fm 11/30/99 1:24 PM Page viPlease purchase PDF Split-Merge...
... can be a power-ful construct. If you code a comparison only once, you can go back andchange the calculation later without having to find and change severaloccurrences in your program. It can ... however, can access the value of a_name.30: name_print;31: END;32: /Jeff GennickInside nested blockJeff GennickJenny GennickJeff GennickBack in the main blockJeff GennickThe code shown in ... ends on line 21. Lines 6 through 9 definethename_printprocedure.The variable a_nameis declared in the outermost block (see line 4), thus any nestedblock, procedure, or function has access...
... reducethe total lines of coding and take a modular approach to writing code. You can retype in each PL/SQL block the same repetitive lines of code, or you can write a function. Then,you can call ... When I am comparing strings, especially when comparing a CHARstring to aVARCHAR2string, is there a convenient way to tell PL/SQL to ignore any trail-ing spaces in the CHARstring?A Yes. ... 995.99PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. The code in Listing 3.10 illustrates some common implicit conversions. The firstassignment, in line 11, causes no conversion at all because a string is...
... try using recursion to calculate the factorial of an integer. First, you need to createthe function FACTORIALby executing the code in Listing 5.24.LISTING5.24Creating the FACTORIAL Recursive ... andthe decimal point.ãNLS_CURRENCYSpecifies the local currency.ãNLS_ISO_CURRENCYCharacters to represent the ISO currency symbol.You can make some decent format attempts for numbers in a column. ... v_Calc NUMBER := 0;3: BEGIN4: WHILE v_Calc >= 10 LOOP5: v_Calc := v_Calc + 1;6: DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(‘The value of v_Calc is ‘ || v_Calc);7: END LOOP;8: END;9: / In Listing 5.7, the condition...
... PUT_LINEcommand line that you can includeinside a procedure.LISTING7.2ThePUT_LINECommand Within a ProcedureCREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_change_s (i_emp_id IN integer)AS BEGINUPDATE ... the specificationdeclares a function and two procedures. Then the package body contains the actual logicfor the items declared in the specification:CREATE PACKAGE employee_maintASProcedure ... place too many items in thepackage specification; specifically, avoidplacing in the package specification itemsthat need to be compiled. Changes to apackage body do not require Oracle torecompile...
... assignmentFETCH stock_cv_1 INTO stock_rec; fetch first record from cursorFETCH stock_cv_2 INTO stock_rec; fetch second record from cursorFETCH stock_cv_2 INTO stock_rec; fetch third record from cursorCLOSE ... (stock_cv_1 in out stock_cur_type,stock_cv_2 in out stock_cur_type);stock_rec stocks%rowtype;BEGINOPEN stock_cv_1 FOR SELECT * FROM stocks; open the cursorstock_cv_2 := stock_cv_1; cursor ... stock_purchase;The package body isCREATE PACKAGE BODY stock_purchase asCURSOR stock_cur return stock%rowtypeSELECT stock_type, stock_name, curr_pricsFROM stocksWHERE stock_type = :stock_type;Note...
... imagina-tion. Some common uses areã Enforcing business rulesã Maintaining referential integrityã Enforcing securityã Maintaining a historical log of changesã Generating column values, including ... fromhaving to program and test this logic several places in your application. Maintaining HistoryThis last example concerning triggers will involve using them to maintain a historicalrecord of changes ... to create array elements, or you can invoke the constructor with no parameters in order to create an empty array.The code in Listing 10.6 shows a varray being declared, and the constructor being...
... 12LISTING12.8continuedANALYSISWhen inserting objects into an object table, it is not absolutely necessary tocall the object constructor for that table, so in the preceding example thereference to the building constructor could ... phone_number VARCHAR2(10),8: MEMBER PROCEDURE ChangeAddress (9: st_1 IN VARCHAR2, st_2 IN VARCHAR2, cty IN VARCHAR2,10: state IN VARCHAR2, zip IN VARCHAR2),11: MEMBER FUNCTION getStreet (line_no IN number) ... just created by usinga SQL INSERTstatement. Instead of a list containing separate values for each attribute,you can use the buildingobject’s constructor to create an object. This one objectbecomes...