... stabilization of HIF [39] Our results of catabolic stress- induced expression of HIF-1α in chondrocytes are consistent with these findings These findings suggest that HIF-1α may, at least in part, ... maintain chondrocyte viability inthe face of catabolic changes in articular cartilage Many molecular aspects of HIF-1 signaling should be also studied to further clarify the role of HIF-1 inthe ... Germany) was used The assay is based on the light-emitting oxidation of luciferin by luciferase inthe presence of extremely low levels of ATP After collecting the chondrocytes by scraping, cells were...
... Oxidativestress after status epilepticus in rats inefficiency ofthe electron-carrying components ofthe mitochondrial transport chain, monoamine degradation, xanthine oxidase reaction, ... determined by analysis of variance markedly increased in this model compared with corresponding values for the control group After pilocarpine-induced SE, there was a significant (77%) increase in ... activity only changes during the initiation of seizures [14] When studying this epilepsy model, we found increased catalase activity inthe hippocampus, indicating that this enzyme, in association with...
... increment inthe protein level of GM-CSF-induced MLN51 (Fig 2E) These data indicate that GM-CSF not only induces the expression of MLN51, but also blocks the proteasome-mediated degradation of ... blocking ofthe proteasome degradation pathway GM-CSF-induced MLN51 is involved inthe hyperproliferation and anti-apoptosis of MH7A cells via the upregulation of FLIP Next, we investigated the ... of RA FLSs, thus indicating that other factors must be involved in this proliferation In our previous studies, we have determined that GM-CSF inthe synovial fluid plays an important role in the...
... VEGF activates the VEGF-Flt-1-FAK pathway The activation of this signaling pathway might be involved inthe migration of these cells into the lesion at the site of bone destruction in GCTs We recently ... expression and the clinical stage of GCTs at presentation To determine the status of pY-Flt-1 and pY-FAK in GCT samples, the staining intensity of each specimen was scored as follows: (weak staining; less ... Immunolocalization of VEGF, Flt-1 and Flk-1 in GCT samples We initially analyzed the expression profiles of VEGF and the VEGF receptors in GCT specimens TRAP Page of staining demonstrated the presence of bone-resorbing...
... VEGF activates the VEGF-Flt-1-FAK pathway The activation of this signaling pathway might be involved inthe migration of these cells into the lesion at the site of bone destruction in GCTs We recently ... expression and the clinical stage of GCTs at presentation To determine the status of pY-Flt-1 and pY-FAK in GCT samples, the staining intensity of each specimen was scored as follows: (weak staining; less ... Immunolocalization of VEGF, Flt-1 and Flk-1 in GCT samples We initially analyzed the expression profiles of VEGF and the VEGF receptors in GCT specimens TRAP Page of staining demonstrated the presence of bone-resorbing...
... thepathogenesisof EoE by enhancing activation of eosinophils through synergy with eotaxin via the ERK signaling pathway The data may be used inthe possible diagnosis and prognosis of EoE In ... together with eotaxin, FGF enhances activation of eosinophils in EoE specifically Page ofThe increased global expression of bFGF led to the investigation ofthe local expression bFGF ofthe esophageal ... this increase is also reflected systemically In addition, the extent of increase in FGF and ERK pathways was closely associated with the severity ofthe disease and endoscopic findings in the...
... binds directly to the ODDD of HIF-1α inthe cytoplasm and acetylates a single lysine residue at position 532 Acetylation of this specific lysine residue favours the interaction of HIF-1α and the ... part ofthe E3 ubiquitin ligase complex Interaction of prolinehydroxylated HIF-1α with pVHL/E3 ubiquitin ligase complex activates the ubiquitination machinery, thereby promoting degradation of ... HIF-1α is not ubiquitinated Thus, degradation of HIF-1α inthe proteasome is inhibited and HIF-1α protein accumulates Binding of HIF-1 to HIF binding sites, formation ofthe transcriptional complex...
... protein; matrilin-1) Matrilin-3 CILP (cartilage intermediate layer protein) Fibronectin PRELP (proline/arginine-rich and leucine-rich repeat protein) Chondroadherin Fibrillin Tenascin-C Elastin MGP (matrix ... [23], linkage analysis of 14 candidate genes in OA kindreds resulted inthe exclusion of 10 important cartilage genes, including COL2A1 [40] Analysis of 47 families with the phenotype of earlyonset ... epiphyseal dysplasia of several joints during childhood, and OA ofthe knees in adulthood A complex splicing defect of exon and/or exon 10 inthe COL9A1 gene has been identified in other families [59]...
... arthritis dylarginine deiminase of involvement of hyaluronic of rheumatoid Proposed mechanism (PADI4) inthepathogenesis acid (HA) and peptidylarginine deiminase (PADI4) inthepathogenesisof rheumatoid ... antithrombin However, such binding did not stimulate the activity of antithrombin as did heparin and heparan; in fact, it blocked the ability of antithrombin to inhibit thrombin Inthe present study, the ... proteinase binding loop on the protein surface [19,20] Because the molecular structure of HA is analogous to that of heparin, HA might exert its effect by binding to the heparin-binding region of...
... passages in vitro before being exposed to the immunoglobulins Consequently, the data suggest that the local stromal environment inthe joint (and based on previous data from the group other organs ... determines the disease specific immune response Given the variety of signaling pathways initiated by IGF-1 in fibroblasts, it may be speculated, as the authors mention briefly, that binding of antibodies ... trigger the release of IL-16 in RASFs, the present research from Smith and Cruikshank extends the panel of signals involved inthe regulation of IL-16 at least under pathologic conditions Although the...
... result in an increase inthe gene expression ofthe aggrecanase ADAMTS4 in cells derived from degenerate NP In vivo, the NP contains the highest concentration of aggrecan inthe IVD The response of ... observed on the other cell types (Fig 6d) Discussion In this study, we investigated whether in IVD degeneration there is local production ofthe cytokine IL-1 and whether IL-1 could induce the cellular ... immunopositivity was observed inthe matrix ofthe IVDs or in blood vessels, with the exception of immunopositivity for ICE, which showed some staining inthe matrix and blood vessels ofthe most degenerate...
... suggesting a more general mechanism of these receptors in inflammatory diseases Maintaining autoantibody titers through FcRn-mediated recycling One ofthe most striking characteristics ofthe K/B ... through the regulation of FcRs much like the instructive role ofthe innate immune system for the adaptive response [56] The production of autoantibodies as a result ofthe failure ofthe immune ... anaphylatoxin, acting through the C5aR, is a major regulator ofthe transcription of activating and inhibitory FcγRs in IC-induced lung disease C5a increased the expression of activating FcγRIII and...
... extravasate into the extracellular space Once inthe vicinity ofthe synovium, the DPPIV activity would be able to initiate amino-terminal degradation ofthe increased levels of proinflammatory ... levels in SF may represent an increase inthe presence of attractin Certainly, analysis of serum reveals an increase in attractin in RA patients with erosive disease, which is not observed in individuals ... presence of systemic activated T cells will lead to their continuous influx into the inflamed synovium, maintaining the inflammatory state This will lead to a continuous activation of synovial...
... adjacent to the developing joint space The arrowhead indicates the area from which the high-magnification micrograph was taken (inset) The arrowhead inthe inset indicates COMP staining (f) At ... inthe pericellular space (Figure 4a) In OA cartilage taken from the area adjacent to the main defect from patients inthe late stages of OA, an increase in staining intensity was found inthe ... especially inthe pericellular matrix of cell clusters (Figure 3b, inset) With the help of light microscopic in situ hybridization, the mRNA for COMP was detected inthe cytoplasm of chondrocytes of the...