... of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), somatostatin, carbonic anhydrase and tenascin C in the cerebellum (Figure 1a) and those of lysyl oxidase, carbonic anhydrase 4, enolase 3β and creatine kinase ... that genes in category A may, in some instances, be modulated by TR-independent pathways: a notion supported by recent studies demonstrating that T3 can act in alternate pathways independent of ... cDNA This mutation leads to a frameshift of the carboxy-terminal 14 amino acids of TRβ1 [11,12] TRβPV mice were prepared via homologous recombination and maintained on a mixed background of 129/Sv...
... conditions in the University of Maryland, Baltimore animal facility and maintained in accordance with institutional guidelines approved by the University of Maryland, Baltimore Animal Care and Use ... this article as: Jones et al.: Comparison of Radioimmuno and Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor Assays for Measuring InsulinLike Growth Factor-1 ina Preclinical Modelof Human Breast Cancer ... a pattern of progressive adenocarcinoma with similar genetic changes and pathophysiology as seen in human breast cancers associated with BRCA1-mutations [11,12] Additionally, as in human BRCA1-associated...
... Statistical analysis All data are expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (s.e.m.) After log transformation, airway responsiveness to methacholine was statistically analyzed by a general linear ... Total Rat IgG DTA-1 Treatment Figure GITR stimulation aggravates AHR and serum IgE responses inamousemodelof asthma GITR stimulation aggravates AHR and serum IgE responses inamousemodelof ... of asthma A OVA-induced asthma model Sensitization: i.p injection of OVA/Alum (day 1, 7) Challenge: OVA inhalation (day 21, 24, 27) DTA-1 treatment: hour before the first OVA challenge (day 21)...
... Ishihara Y, Yamada A, Tanaka N, Itoh K, Harada M, Todo S: Immunological evaluation of personalized peptide vaccination in combination with a 5-fluorouracil derivative (TS-1) for advanced gastric ... (FITC)-conjugated anti -mouse Gr1 mAb (RB6-8C5; Ly-6G, Ly6C) Allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated antimouse CD25 mAb was obtained from Invitrogen For staining of intracellular Foxp3, a FITC-conjugated antibody ... cell vaccination augments anti-cancer immunity inamousemodelof gastric cancer Journal of Translational Medicine 2011 9:140 Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage...
... abnormality or a hypothalamopituitary imaging pattern [4] Kuemmerle et al showed that sustained metabolic acidosis causes growth inhibition in rats by decreasing the amplitude and mean mass of ... spontaneous absolute GH peak level of 0.37 ng/ml and the area under curve value (AUCGH = mean profile GH × Table 1: Endocrine evaluation of the patient at 14 and 20 years of age Age (years) Skeletal age ... below -2SD at years of age She had been evaluated at a pediatric endocrinology department at 14 years of age for growth retardation and delayed puberty Normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH),...
... in modulating lung inflammation In this report we show that overexpression of VD attenuates airway inflammation inamousemodelof allergic asthma The effects of VD on airway inflammation may ... resulted in less lung inflammation [11] Inhibition of NPRA by small inferfering RNA against NPRA attenuated lung inflammation inamousemodelof asthma [10] There is a feedback regulation of the ... Natl Acad Sci USA 2005, 102(49):17723-17728 Thomas PG, Carter MR, Da'dara AA, DeSimone TM, Harn DA: A helminth glycan induces APC maturation via alternative NFkappa B activation independent of...
... following additional data are available with the online version of this paper Additional data file is a table listing retinal miR expression data from Exiqon microarray analysis Additional data file ... out inalso provided age Global rankedprovided Retinalage a variance data out ranked and P347S retinasvalues Additionalforratios are ratios was carried retinaltriplicate.Student's Click herealso ... is a table listing retinal miR expression data from Ambion microarray analysis Additional data file is a table listing highly ranked retinal miR target genes predicted using miRanda The miRNA array...
... NM_009673 A0 1 -4.00 1.50 Apoptosis signaling Ataxia telangiectasia mutated homolog (human) Atm NM_007499 A0 2 -4.99 0.70 DNA damage and repair Caspase Casp1 NM_009807 A0 5 -6.81 7.58 Apoptosis signaling ... 2008, Data analysis All non-SuperArray data were collected in Microsoft Excel and all statistical analyses and graphs were produced using GraphPad Prism Quantification of cytoplasmic and nuclear ... Checkpoint and arrest and regulation Anaphase promoting complex subunit ANAPC2 NM_013366 A0 2 3.76 0.63 G1 phase and G1/S transition and regulation Growth arrest and DNA-damageinducible, alpha GADD45A...
... performed on transformed data A p-value < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant Abbreviations A/ E, attaching and effacing; AP, activator protein; AQP, aquaporin; CA, carbonic anhydrase; CFTR, ... anhydrases CA I and CA IV and aquaporins Aqp4 and Aqp8 [78-80] These results indicate that infectious diarrhea and noninfectious inflammationassociated diarrhea may have common mechanisms of pathogenesis ... for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care and maintained on pelleted rodent chow (LabDiet, Purina Mills, Inc., Richmond, IN, USA) and water ad libitum At 12 weeks of age, infectious...
... are critical pro-inflammatory mediators in AP and the associated lung injury SP-NK1R interaction is also a determinant of inflammatory edema in acute interstitial pancreatitis (Maa et al., 2000b) ... GCTGCCCTTCCACATCTTCT-3’ 5’- CGCGATGCAGAACTACGAAA-3’ 5’- CAGCCTCAGCCGAAACTACA-3’ 223 282 156 2.2.9 Whole cell lysate preparation and Western blot analysis After treatment of pancreatic acinar cells, ... pro-inflammatory effects of SP in AP, it also mediates nociception in animal models of AP Induction of necrotizing pancreatitis by L-arginine caused a large increase in c-fos expressing spinal neurons,...
... an inflammatory response that induces pain This type of pain is known as inflammatory pain Inflammatory pain is due mainly to the action of prostaglandins and bradykinin, and substances released ... microarray-based approaches to examine gene expression and miRNA changes in the brainstem and prefrontal cortex inamouse facial carrageenan injection modelof orofacial pain At the brainstem level, increased ... 1.2 Major pathways for pain sensation from the body Adapted from Purves and Williams, 2001 13 Chapter I Introduction Orofacial pain Orofacial pain is defined by the American Academy of Orofacial...
... 7-amino-actinomycin D AF488 Alexa Fluor 488 AF549 Alexa Fluor 549 AF647 Alexa Fluor 647 APC Antigen presenting cell APC Allophycocyanin BAL Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid BSA Bovine serum albumin ... al 1999) Furthermore, the surface HA and NA proteins form antigens against which antibodies can be raised Neutralizing antibodies against HA and NA also help to prevent virus from spreading Another ... Pathogenic Avian Influenza IL Interleukin iNOS inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase IRF Interferon Regulatory Factor JAK Janus Kinase mAb Monoclonal antibody MDCK Madine Darby Canine...
... resulting in intracellular ionic imbalance and activation of the inflammasome (Ichinohe et al 2010) Although influenza infection results in activation of the inflammasome in both lung stromal and ... distinct signalling cascades and immune responses (Pang and Iwasaki 2011) This initiation of multiple signalling pathways ultimately culminates in the release of proinflammatory cytokines as well ... discrimination mechanism is particularly important given that host RNA are abundant within the cytosol Upon RIG-I binding to influenza vRNA, the CARD domains initiate a signalling cascade by associating with...
... cell transplantation attenuates blood brain barrier damage and neuroinflammation and protects dopaminergic neurons against MPTP toxicity in the substantia nigra inamodelof Parkinson’s disease ... Meeting, Atlanta, USA Chao YX, He BP, Tay SSW (2007) Increased blood-brain barrier permeability and infiltration of inflammatory factors inamousemodelof MPTP induced Parkinson’s disease 7th ... conceivable that in PD, as in humans, primates and rodents exposed to MPTP, an acute insult initiates an inflammatory reaction that becomes self sustaining after the initiating agent has disappeared...
... complicated because of the region’s density of anatomical structures, rich innervations and high vascularity Orofacial pain is defined by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain (AAOP) as “pain conditions ... ceramide in orofacial pain induced by facial carrageenan injection ICV injection of inhibitors to acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase), neutral sphingomyelinase (NSMase), or serine palmitoyltransferase ... injection of an irritant substance into a joint or hind paw of animals The chronic neuropathic pain models usually involve surgical manipulation ofa nerve Behavioral testing approaches can be classified...
... gallamine or alcuronium) Since then an increasing number of allosteric ligands that can decrease or increase ina subtype-specific manner classical muscarinic agonist and antagonist binding affinity ... sub-capsular cataract in one sibling ofa pair of identical twins Von Noorden and Lewis (1987) examined 10 young patients who had unilateral cataracts and in seven out of ten cases the involved ... Models of Myopia A number of clinical observations have indicated that a condition of image deprivation myopia occurring in human is similar to FDM in animal models Birth injuries of the cornea, often...
... levels increased (up regulated) after induction of myopia and decreased (down regulated) in the atropine treated myopic and contra-lateral control In this set of data collated, atropine had an effect ... (up-regulated) after receiving atropine and also in contralateral control eye M2 (Figure 58) mRNA levels increased (up-regulated) after induction of myopia and after receiving normal saline In contrast, ... on atropine treated and saline treated sclera Lane 1: atropine treated myopic sclera, lane 2: atropine treated control sclera, lane 3: saline treated myopic sclera, lane 4: saline treated control...
... data Ratio scale data is a type of cardinal data Cardinal data are on a scale where it is meaningful to measure the distance between possible data values There are two types of cardinal data: interval ... infection and neoplasms Neuralgic pain is generally expressed in the facial area as idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia The ill-defined category of atypical oral and facial pain includes a variety of pain ... interval scale data and ratio scale data For cardinal data, if the zero point is arbitrary, then the data are on interval scale For cardinal data, if the zero point is fixed, then the data are on a...