mdr tuberculosis in india
Tài liệu Manifestations of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Elderly: A Prospective Observational Study from North India pptx
... results were similar in both the groups.DISCUSSION Tuberculosis is becoming increasingly common in theelderly and burden of the disease in them is likely tocontinue to increase substantially.3,4 ... dheeraj@indiachest.org.Original ArticleManifestations of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Elderly:A Prospective Observational Study from North India Dheeraj Gupta1, Navneet Singh1, Ravinder Kumar2 and Surinder ... treatment. In elderly patients, the clinicaland radiological presentations are often nonspecific,leading to a delay in diagnosis and in initiatingappropriate treatment, which often results in asignificant...
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Báo cáo y học: "Study of urban community survey in India: growing trend of high prevalence of hypertension in a developing country"
... 2, Arindam Basu 3 1 Dept Of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute Of Neurology, Kolkata, India. 2 Malda District Hospital, Malda, India. 3 Fogarty Training Program, IPGMER, Kolkata, India. AAbbssttrraacctt ... returned to India in 2000, and continued to work as a consultant otolaryngologist and epidemiologist. In 2002, he joined the UC Berkeley based Fogarty International Training Program in Environmental ... subtypes in an Indian rural population: clinical and electrocardiographic correlates. J Hum Hypertens. 1994; 11: 823-829. 15. Chopra RN, Chopra GS. A study of normal blood pressure in Indians. Indian...
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Development of Biotechnology in India
... gains in biotechnology in India. The education andtraining programs have been well laid, intelligent scientific work-force being avail-able, fairly good infrastructures are in place and industry ... the Ministry ofS&T’s continued interest in the development of biotechnology in India can beassessed (Table 1) [2, 3].Development of Biotechnology in India 93Table 1.Major sectors of investment ... theseareas, a major initiative involving 13 collaborating institutions was launched onbioprospecting in 1997. Characterizing, inventorying, conserving biodiversity,and prospecting of different ecogeographical...
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Tài liệu Women of the World Women''''s Health in India doc
... Violence in India, ” unpub-lished report to USAID /INDIA. Johnson, F. Catherine, 1996,“Violence Against Women in India: The Law as Protector?,” paperpresented at the Association ofWomen in Development ... Bureau,1995, Crime in India- 1994,New Delhi.Prasad, Shally, 1996, “InstitutingMeasures to Address ViolenceAgainst Women in India, ” paperpresented at the Association ofWomen in Development Interna-tional ... HIV/AIDS epidemic in India isspreading rapidly and increasinglywill affect women’s health in comingyears. A recent study estimatedthat between 2 and 5 millionIndians are currently infected withHIV...
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Tài liệu Diagnosis & treatment of tuberculosis in HIV co-infected patients pptx
... transcriptaseinhibitor(NNRTI)forrstlinetherapy89. In India, theNACOrecommendsaregimencontainingzidovudineorstavudinealongwithlamivudineandefavirenz90.RifamycinsinducethecytochromeCYP-450enzymesystem ... effective drugs - including auoroquinolone, an injectable agent (capreomycin,kanamycin,oramikacin)andatleasttwoagentsfromthe remaining second-line anti -tuberculosis drugclasses ... tointermittentregimensamongHIV-infectedTBpatients84.Reviewoftheprimaryevidenceindicatesverylimited,low-qualityinformationonintermittency,mostlyfromobservational studies in the pre-antiretroviral era.DNAngerprintingstudies in India indicatethatmostof...
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Tài liệu Diagnostic Standards and Classification of Tuberculosis in Adults and Children doc
... routine urinalysis. In patients withrenal or genital tuberculosis, urinalyses are abnormal in morethan 90%, the main finding being pyuria, and/or hematuria.The finding of pyuria in an acid urine ... Disseminated tuberculosis . Disseminated tuberculosis oc-curs because of the inadequacy of host defenses in containingtuberculous infection. This failure of containment may occur in either ... of administrationInjection of too little antigenSubcutaneous injectionDelayed administration after drawing into syringeInjection too close to other skin testsFactors related to reading the...
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Tài liệu RTehseaerc he axrtipcleerience of college students with pulmonary tuberculosis in Shaanxi, China: a qualitative study pptx
... pri-vate information. Two interviewers were included in eachinterview: one mainly responsible for interviewing, andthe other primarily responsible for noting and audio-recording. The interviews ... using an in- depth inter-view approach.Study settingShaanxi province was conveniently selected. The prov-ince is located in the north western part of China, con-sists of 10 cities including ... According tothe aim of the study, the researcher selected patients in different treatment phase, including intensive phase (thefirst 2 months) and continuation phase (the remaining 4months), in...
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Tài liệu PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN ADULTS doc
... normal in asmall fraction of symptomatic individuals, especially in the settingof HIV coinfection. Classic findings in postprimary pulmonaryTB are alveolar infiltrates, interstitial infiltrates ... parenchyma. Tuberculosis involving the trachea is often also included in the definition. Extrapulmonary TB is disease involving any part ofthe body other than lung parenchyma including other structureswithin ... during coughing, sneezing and singing. Once bacilliladen nuclei are aerosolized they can remain suspended for hours,presenting an infection risk long after a person with TB has leftan indoor...
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Tài liệu Clinical presentation and outcome of patients diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis in a large critical care unit docx
... more sensitive than staining in 69% of total aspirates, including cases that were found negative with gram staining. Cultures are more specic in diagnosing early stage tuberculosis. (21)Mortality ... tuberculosis: current status in India. Indian J Med Res 2004;120:248-76.7. Mannle C, Wiedemann K, Ruchalla E. The incidence of tuberculosis at an intensive care unit. Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed ... Mallampalli A. Managing TB in the 21st century: existing and novel drug therapies. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2008;2:401-8.3. Agarwal S, Chauhan L. Tuberculosis Control in India. [Online]. 2005 [cited...
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Tài liệu THE MANAGEMENT OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS IN SOUTH AFRICA docx
... EFFECTS19.3.1 KANAMYCIN AND AMIKACINPREPARATION AND DOSEKanamycin (Novo) is available in injection formulation containing 1g/3ml vial. Amikancin (B-H Squibb) is availableas an injection containing 1g/ml ... Resistanceto kanamycin or amikacin induces also resistance to streptomycin.FLUOROQUINOLONESOfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Sparfloxacin induce complete cross-resistance for all fluoroquinolones. There ... becoming infected during a one hour exposure period ahs beenestimated to range from 1 in 600 (0,2%) to 1 in 4 (25%).Contaminated clothing, bedding, eating utensils and books, etc. are not involved...
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Tài liệu Diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in people with HIV infection or AIDS in resource-constrained settings: informing urgent policy changes docx
... smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in people with HIV infection or AIDS in resource-constrained settings: informing urgent policy changesHaileyesus Getahun, Mark Harrington, Rick O’Brien, ... radiographs, and interpretation by clinical practitioners, including nurses, through specialised training and encouragement of participatory peer review by clinicians. Strengthening of referral ... processing with chemicals including bleach and centri-fugation yielded a mean 18% increase in sensitivity and an incremental yield (positives with bleach minus positives with Ziehl-Neelsen stain...
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Tài liệu Association of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors with pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese Han pdf
... are the main source of infection in a community. Only 10% of individuals develop clinical disease. The immune response in the remaining individuals only succeeds in containing the infection, ... role in me-diating innate immunity (Biron et al., 2002), and T cells primarily mediate the acquired immu-nity to pathogens, such as protecting against M. tuberculosis infection (Brunstein et ... diversity determines susceptibility to infectious diseases by sending inhibitory or activating signals. In our study, the increased presence of activating KIRs in patients with PTB may affect immune...
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Tài liệu The Role of BCG Vaccine in the Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in the United States: A Joint Statement by the Advisory Council for the Elimination of Tuberculosis and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices docx
... renewed interest in examining the indications for BCG vaccination in theUnited States included consideration of the wide range of vaccine efficacies deter-mined by clinical trials and estimated in ... should continue to be included in ongoing testing programs if their skin-testresults are <5 mm induration. Those vaccinees who have positive tuberculin skin-testreactions (≥5 mm of induration) ... useful in clarifying the variableinformation concerning the vaccine’s efficacy for preventing pulmonary TB in adoles-cents and adults. These studies also were not useful in determining a) the...
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Tài liệu Fixing Market Failures or Fixing Elections? Agricultural Credit in India pptx
... the Reserve Bank of India, Directory of CommercialBank O¢ ces in India 1800-2000 (Volume 1), Mumbai. These data include the opening(and closing) date of every bank branch in India, as well as ... TheReserve Bank of India divides states in India into six regions. Region-year …xed e¤ects(rt) control for macroeconomic ‡uctuations.13Finally, I include the average rainfall in 12Matching credit ... All regressions include district fixed effects, year fixed effects, and rainfall. banking and politics in India, including the mechanisms by which politicians may in uencebanks. In Section 2.3,...
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