... was added to it, the tube was shaken, and, the methyl ester of PHA monomers in the chloroform layer was collected The chloroform phase was washed again with 0.5mL water, and then injected to ... PHA The copolymer composed of 81% of 3HB and 19% of 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) (Sigma-Aldrich Japan K.K., Japan) was used as the standard of 3HV unit in PHA These standards were also digested and ... (5) (6) The CRP values were determined forthe first reaction tank except for MUCT reactor As for MUCT, CRP value was calculated forthe first anaerobic and first anoxic tanks The unit of measured...
... growth in each sample forthe analysis ofthe growth of tetracycline-resistant or tetracycline-degrading bacteria andthe mechanism of tetracycline degradation MATERIALS AND METHODS Water samples ... under a microscope, andthe size and shape of microbial cells were studied to determine whether the colonies were bacterial or fungal RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The changes in the tetracycline concentration ... affected the results of this study Tetracycline degrading ability was exhibited by of 15 colonies of resistant bacteria isolated from the Unoke River water samples, andthe density of these tetracycline-degrading...
... with chloroform for 24 hr in a Soxhlet apparatus The chloroform was then cvaporated, the rcsiduc taken up in acetonitrile, andthe insecticides partitioned into petroleum ether The ether fraction ... 62 km2) ofthe basin are in the William B Bankhead National Forest This area is on the slopes ofthe divide in the southwest portion ofthe watershed In 1961, 1,210 acres (490 ha) ofthe forest ... product and an impurity in formulated 2,4,5-T Along the course ofthe West Fork of Flint Creek, the principal stream draining the forest, there are approximately 36 miles (58 km) between the forest...
... genedoc 2.7 [41] The tools provided with the ExPASy Molecular Biology Server ofthe Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (http:// www.expasy.org) were used forthe analyses of DNA and amino acid sequences ... and AccuPrime Taq DNA Polymerase (Invitrogen, Karlsruhe, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s instructions For control ofthe efficiency ofthe cDNA synthesis, b-actin was amplified using the ... indication ofthe presence of hemocyanin (data not shown) The notion ofthe absence of hemocyanins from Holometabola is corroborated by the fact that no hemocyanin sequences could be identified in the...
... wild-type ALP I On the other hand, the Tm of D266N/Y269A-ALP I increased by only °C The denaturation temperature indicates the stability ofthe structure ofthe protein The difference ofthe increments ... 60% ofthe original activity after h, and 30% after h The D266NALP I showed 40 and 20% ofthe original activity after h and h of incubation, respectively The stability of Y269A/A271T/Q272R- and ... His, the side chain is larger The mutation seemed to fill in the gap between surrounding residues ofthe depression, andthe side chain ofthe mutated residue might restrain the mobility of the...
... structure, and that some ofthe subunits of PDH, OGDH and OADH are related The functional and evolutionary relationships between the subunits of these enzymes are somewhat complicated In a nutshell, the ... [21,22] and in Euglena mitochondria [39] The E2 subunit of PDH contains the dihydrolipoamide transferase activity The mitochondrial form ofthe E2 subunit for PDH is related to the E2 subunits of ... analysis ofthe evolution of these enzymes than we have performed here However, our aim was not to perform an exhaustive analysis but to obtain an overview ofthe patterns of similarity forthe enzymes...
... F, while components e and d seem to be in common with the A variant Therefore, band b represents the only component specific to the M variant The intensities ofthe bands in the MF pattern indicate ... indicate the position ofthe introns The boxes indicate amino-acid substitutions skipping of three successive exons during the course ofthe processing ofthe primary transcripts [9] At the peptide ... wonder whether the donor allele ofthe 5¢ part is the F allele or another allele belonging to the same B allelic lineage (excluding B1 and C), as they share the same simplified haplotype formula,...
... (B) Dependence ofthe rate of FMN synthesis on Rf concentrations (C,D) Time courses of FAD synthesis and Rf appearance after addition of either lM or 50 lM FMN Values are the mean of three replicates ... [2022,27,28,3342] The dependence ofthe rate of FMN synthesis on Rf concentration shows saturation characteristics with a sigmoidal shape The S0.5 value of RK is in the same order of magnitude as the Km ... described in ExperimentalproceduresThe y-axis represents the avin transport synthesis rates expressed as pmolặmin)1ặmg)1 protein Values are the mean of three replicates ( SD) performed using the same...
... Geneva, Switzerland, 4th edition, 2008 [10] S A Petroff., “A new and rapid method forthe isolation and cultivation of tubercle bacilli directly form the sputum and feces,” The Journal ofExperimental ... levels of any resistance to first-line drugs (8.8%) in Ndola, andforthe first time systematically investigated and documented absence of resistance to second-line drugs (OFL and KAN) These levels of ... results and treatment outcome at the end of treatment The study registers were checked against the clinic TB registers at the end ofthe study period to complete any missing data andfor verification...
... a-crystallin, TRiC, thermosome and many other chaperones [32] Deletion ofthe tail abolishes the chaperone function of these proteins The importance ofthe acidic residue-rich tails of tubulin in its ... about 120 residues ofthe C-terminus of MAP2 (Fig 5) Therefore, the role of a large portion ofthe MAP2 remains unknown To pinpoint the structural elements responsible forthe observed chaperone-like ... at their C-terminal region, which constitutes the tubulin-binding domain Each of these repeats has more homology to the corresponding repeats ofthe other two than to the other repeats in the...
... occurrence of brown adipocytes in WAT of C57BL/6J mice at 24 °C and after cold exposure We therefore measured (a) the density of multilocular cells in WAT, and (b) the levels of UCP1 mRNA and protein ... activity of PPARc, ofthe thyroid hormone receptors andof UCP1 in BAT The expression of PGC-1 mRNA was measured in interscapular BAT and in genital WAT, using the same Northern blots as for UCP1 ... °C) for either two or 10 days The fat pads along the uterus and fallopian tube (parametrial fat) and those around the ovaries (periovarian) were dissected and pooled They are referred to in the...
... determination ofthe rate of glycolysis from glucose [2] and 1.0 lCi [2-3H]glucose for determination ofthe rate of glucose phosphorylation [1] Forthe measurement of glycerol metabolism, the incubation ... concentrations fell The extent of these changes andthe rate of glycerol uptake and glucose synthesis were dependent on the initial concentration of added substrate and were maximal by mM (Table ... weight))1 (n 5) Thus in the presence of glycerol, there was an apparent net synthesis of glucose of 0.62 0.05 lmolámin)1á(g wet weight))1 The rate of glycogen synthesis of 0.13 0.01 lmolámin)1á(g...
... observed when the mitochondrial preparation was performed either in the presence or in the absence of ruthenium red and EDTA in isolation buffer Matrix proteins release assay Forthe assay ofthe in ... succinate and phosphate Mitochondria were suspended in the swelling medium andthe absorbance ofthe mitochondrial suspension as a function of time was monitored either in the absence or in the presence ... PH, the activities ofthe enzymes released in the supernatant (1.8 ± 0.1 and 0.8 ± 0.04% ofthe total mitochondrial activity of GDH and AAT, respectively), were as low as those found in the supernatant...
... pyrophosphorylase The concentration ofthe double labelled probe was 200 nM forthe long variant of fucokinase and pyrophosphorylase, and 300 nM forthe short fucokinase splice variant Relative amounts ofthe ... levels of L-fucokinase and pyrophosphorylase The primer and probe sequences and their positions in the mRNA sequence, for GDP-L-fucose pyrophosphorylase andthe short and long splice variants of ... nM/300 nM (forward/reverse) forthe long splice variant of fucokinase, 900 nM/900 nM (forward/ reverse) forthe short splice variant of fucokinase, and 300 nM/900 nM (forward/reverse) for pyrophosphorylase...
... some ofthe questions in the series are mapped to the attributes ofthe topic and thus grouped together according to the attribute clusters Then questions in the same group are processed together ... Proceedings ofthe 42nd ACL 2004 The Authors wish to thank BBN forthe use of NE tagging software IdentiFinder, CIIR at University of Massachusetts forthe use of Inquery search engine, Stanford University ... “Organization”, “Event” and “Things” The topic can be viewed as an object andthe series of questions can be viewed as asking forthe attributes ofthe object In this point of view, to find out...
... TP and KN conceived and designed the study CL collected the data CL and TP performed statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript All authors revised the manuscript critically and approved the ... in the central and northern parts of Norway with about 1.1 million inhabitants The unit consists of wards with a total number of 21 beds One ofthe wards (ward F) is specialised to serve offenders ... consulted andthe committee considered this study not liable for formal approval as only staff members participated andthe study was part ofthe hospitals internal actions to initiate Page of (page...
... ofthe 176 bp E2-HVR1 is indicated with arrows MW represents the 100 base pair DNA molecular weight marker Below each lane is the result of testing ofthe same dilution ofthe standard with the ... (W20) of pegylated IFN plus ribavirin therapy The box plots represent the means and ranges ofthe HMR and complexity scores for 400 HVR1 clones amplified by each polymerase, for a total of 800 ... dividing the distance in millimeters (mm) from the origin ofthe gel to the heteroduplex by the distance in mm from the origin to the homoduplex control In cases where both strands ofthe heteroduplex...
... reached for follow-up There were 11 women and 17 men The mean age at the time of surgery was 30.5 years (range 16 to 42) The left side was involved in 58% andthe right in 42% ofthe patients The ... risk of further knee injury due to the degree of laxity andthe desired level of activity [27] In order to minimise the development of arthrofibrosis, reconstruction was carried out only after the ... to the contralateral side (Table and 4) The Fairbank classification showed an increase in osteoarthritis of grade in 52% ofthe patients, 35% ofthe patients had an increase of grades and 3% of...
... from the end of April to the end of October and emptied in two-week or one month intervals during the period 2001–2006 The sawflies were determined according to the key of Viitasaari (2002) andthe ... regions ofthe Czech Republic; (i) Euhercynicum (the Šumava Mts., Slavkovský les, Český les, Brdy Upland and Žďárské vrchy Upland), (ii) Sudeten (the Krkonoše Mts andthe Krušné hory Mts.) and (iii) ... periods ofthe Cephalcia species flight activities (cf Martinek 1988) The flight activity started in the studied localities at the end of May or at the beginning of June depending on the actual weather...