... understand the relationships among the polymorphs. Heats of solution ofthe various polymorphs need to be measured, inorder to prove the relative order of stabilities for these solidforms. At the ... a wavelength of 1.540600 Å. The X-ray data was collectedusing an MBraun curved PSD with a chamber depth of 1 cm. The focal radius ofthe system was 57 mm, and the 5 cm length of the PSD subtended ... sampleswhich were isolated. These results are summarized inTable 4. In many cases the mixture of polymorphs can beaccounted for by the addition ofthe DSC results of the component pure polymorphs....
... whether these cytokines areproduced by CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregor whetherthey induce the production of these cytokines fromanother population of cells [20].To date, our knowledge about the ... areimportant in the generation ofthe correct class of antibodies by B-cells, and for the elimination of extracellular pathogens, such as helminths and otherextracellular parasites [2]. Th17 is the most ... zffoxp3-R2 forfoxp3. These primers amplified part ofthe initial predictedsequence which contained the majority ofthe open readingframes of zebrafish stat6, t-bet and foxp3 to check they werecorrect....
... between the twosteps ofthe TES reaction The substrate guanosine to be excised (G1) and its2¢-OH group are required for the second step of TES [48], similar to (if not the same as) the role of the ... that there is room for improve-ment in terms ofthe rate of reaction. This would bebeneficial not so much in terms ofthe rate ofthe over-all reaction, as the cleavage reaction is not the limitingstep ... of the xG in the second step of self-splicing [48–56].This suggests that the guanosine to be excised islikely binding to the GBS ofthe ribozyme for the exon-ligation step of TES. In the substrate-cleavagestep,...
... analyses ofthe predictedamino acid sequence showed that the C-terminal half of the RepA ofthe pIT3 plasmid is sequence-similar to the helicases ofthe phage-encoded superfamily III pro-teins. The ... probably comparablewith the two-metal-ion mechanism of both RNA andDNA synthesis [17].In a previous study, we reported the findings of ananalysis ofthe complete sequence ofthe cryptic plas-mid ... subunit of archaeal primases and the activesite ofthe X family of polymerases [23]. Indeed, unlike the pRN1 prim–pol protein whose motif is DXE D, the Rep245 protein, the X family of DNA polymerasesand...
... ofthe first 88amino acids of PPI1 may participate in the interactionwith the H+-ATPase and makes PPI1588His6a suitabletool to study the mechanism of action of PPI1. The analysis ofthe ... 14-3-3s.Results The C-terminus of isoform 1 ofthe PM H+-ATPase of A. thaliana (AHA1) interacts with the first 88 aminoacids of PPI1 [22], indicating that the PM H+-ATPasebinding site of PPI1 is ... Thus,all the following experiments were performed withPPI1588His6. The analysis ofthe effect of PPI1588His6on the dependence of PM H+-ATPase activity on the concen-tration of MgATP...
... min, the absorbance of the supernatant was read at 363 nm. The absorbance of the reduced form of APAD (APADH) was linear over the 2–100 lMrange of glutamate with a molar extinctioncoefficient of ... complement the defect. The relationship of all of these genes remains to be clarified.Expression and purification of Sno1p and Snz1pIn light ofthe similarity in the amino acid sequence of Sno1p ... together in the stationary phase of yeast cells [8] and the result of two-hybrid analysis [23], they may form a complex. To assessthese possibilities, we embarked on a characterization of the...
... requiredfor the protonation ofthe amine groups of samples. The number of equivalents of acid groups was calculated using the formula: [NH3+](mequiÆkg)1) ¼ 1000 · molarity(moles/L) · volume of titrant ... (mL)/mass of sample (g)and the level of deacetylation was calculated by comparisonbetween the number of free amino groups (per unit weight of the sample) and the equivalent weight of GlcN [23].Circular ... 200 mg KBrand 40 mg ofthe mixture was pelletized. The reproducibility of the spectra was verified on two preparations and the degree of acetylation (DA) was determined using the formula(A1655Æcm)1/A3450Æcm)1)...
... forwhich the novel pattern is located in the third loop. The reason for the similarity and location of these pat-terns could be a result of short evolutionary timerather than gain of new features ... suggest-ing that the origin of these forms dates back to before the occurrence of vertebrates, i.e. more than 500 mya.This dates the differentiation ofthe MAPEG formsback to the late Cambrian ... hydrophobic seg-ment. All ofthe remaining patterns are located at the end of first loop (Fig. 6). Both the first and third loopare located on the cytosolic side ofthe membrane andare regions...
... PHO (abc) protomer. The hypothesis of adirect PHI–phenol interaction is quite unlikely, because of the fact that the addition of phenol does not alter the emission spectrum of PHI. Moreover, PHI ... equilibrium. As shown in the inset, the progressive decrease ofthe molecular ellipticity atk ¼ 200 nm (the absorption region ofthe peptide bond)reflects the occurrence of a transition between ... 1. The 18 kDa proteinpresent in the elution pattern was identified as the PHIcomponent on the basis of its ability to complement the Fig. 1. SDS/PAGE of PHI at different steps of purification. The numbers...
... CCAAT box at 324 bp upstream of the major transcription start site. The presence of a CCAATbox and the absence of a TATA box seem to be one of the characteristics ofthe mouse integrin a3 gene.We ... Wepreviously reported the structures ofthe mouse a3integrinsubunit gene including the exon/intron organization and the alternative exon usage for the generation of variants of the a3 subunits (a3A ... upstream ofthe SacI) sites (Fig. 1).Sequence analysis ofthe 5¢-flanking region anddetermination of transcription start sites of mouseintegrin a3 subunit gene The nucleotide sequence ofthe 0.5...
... differentflavonoids. The addition of a flavone (apigenin), of aflavanonol (taxifolin) and of a flavan-3-ol (epicatechin)(Fig. 8) did not alter the EPR spectra ofthe enzymeindicating the absence of binding to the ... definition of some ofthe catalytic steps. Binding of the various flavonols to the active site metal centre is foundnot to require the presence of dioxygen and occurs withoutformal reduction ofthe ... perturbation ofthe axial symmetry of the tensor, whereas axial symmetry, i.e. gxx% gyy<< gzzis typically found for type 2 sites. The grouping of the g-values and the line-shape ofthe spectrum...
... Forcomparison, the amount of GroEL was determined in the same extracts using anti-GroEL Ig. It has been previouslyshown that at the beginning ofthe stationary phase the rate of synthesis of heat-shock ... respectively. In order toestimate the ratio between the amounts of UP12 and the total amount of protein in the extracts, a series of samplescontaining determined amounts ofthe purified UP12 wereseparated ... the deletion ofthe UP12 encoding gene increased the sensitivity ofthe mutant to CCCP (Fig. 6), it did not haveany detectable effects on the sensitivity to mitomycin C,unlike in the case of...
... components ofthe opensetP = {det(α) > 0} of hermitian forms of positive determinant (the othercomponents, of course, are the sets of forms of signature (p, q), p + q = n, withq even).One ofthe ... wish to investigate the behaviour ofthe K¨ahler conesKt of the variousfibres Xt= π−1(t), as t runs over S. Because ofthe assumption of localtriviality of π, the topology of Xtis locally ... on the subbundle t → Hp,q(Xt, C). The main result of this section is the proof of Theorem 0.8, asserting thatthere is a countable union of analytic subsets S=SνS outside which the K¨ahler...
... inactivation of the enzyme. Thus, the results obtained in the pres-ent study extend our knowledge ofthe nitrogenasepost-translational modification system outside of the a-class to other members ofthe ... under theseconditions. The strong effect of TFA on the arginine-specific ADP-ribosylation might be caused by the high degree of acidity of this acid with its pKavalue of 0.26 compared to the other ... one of the most abundant enzymes in the biosphere [1,2]. Itconsists ofthe Fe-protein (dinitrogenase reductase,also referred to as NifH), an a2dimer ofthe nifH geneproduct and ofthe MoFe-protein...
... solution ofthe HPLC-purified compound, and thenincubating for 20 min at 50 °C. The product was then par-titioned against petroleum ether ⁄ diethyl ether 1 : 4 (v ⁄ v). The identification ofthe oxime ... preference of OsCCD1 for the C5¢–C6¢ and C7¢–C8¢ double bonds depends on the nature ofthe substrate. The cleavage of a sole double bond in the cyclic moi-ety of 3-OH-c-carotene and of monocyclic b-apocarote-nals ... The occurrence ofthe C17dialdehyde confirmed the novelsite at the C7¢–C8¢ double bond observed with apoly-copenals and implied the formation of geranial.Accordingly, the GC-MS analyses of...