atlas of skeletal muscles

Atlas of skeletal muscles potx

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atlas of human skeletal anatomy - juraj artner

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Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 14): Drugs used in Hyperlipoproteinemias

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... mobilization of edema.Unwanted effects of sulfonamide-type diuretics: (a) hypokalemia is a con-sequence of excessive K+loss in the ter-minal segments of the distal tubuleswhere increased amounts of ... incidence of coronary heartdisease.156 Drugs used in HyperlipoproteinemiasLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Drugs ... ExpressionBio-activationOOCH3OOHOH3CNOHFCOOHHOCH3CH3H3CH3CLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Diuretics of the Sulfonamide TypeThese drugs contain...

Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 17): Drugs Acting on Motor Systems

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... Non-depolarizing muscle relaxantsArrow poison of indigenous South AmericansBlockade of ACh receptorsNo depolarization of endplateRelaxation of skeletal muscles (Respiratory paralysis)Artificialventilationnecessary(plus ... and is fol-lowed by gradual loss of symptom con-trol, on-off fluctuations, and develop-ment of orobuccofacial and limb dyski-nesias. These long-term drawbacks of levodopa therapy may be delayed ... reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Drugs Acting on Motor Systems 193A. Neuronal sites of action of antiepilepticsB. Sites of action of antiepileptics in GABAergic synapseChloridechannelGABAGlutamic...

Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 18): Drugs for the Suppression of Pain

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... bleedingAgranulo-cytosisBroncho-constrictionIrritation of gastro-intestinalmucosaRisk of anaphylactoidshock>10g?Lüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Drugs ... function of vascular caliber and rate of blood flow. Cutaneous blood flow canrange from ~ 0 to 30% of cardiac output,depending on requirements. Heat con-duction via the blood from interior sites of ... postcentralisNociceptorsCyclooxygenaseinhibitorsInflammationCause of painThalamusLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory...

Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 19): Local Anesthetics

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... sequence of the pentapeptides[Met]- or [Leu]-enkephalin (A). The ef-fects of the opioids can be abolished byantagonists (e.g., naloxone; A), with theexception of buprenorphine.Mode of action of ... development of dependence.210 OpioidsLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Local Anesthetics 205+A. Effects of ... resultingin the formation of a polar -COO–group,loss of the amphiphilic character, andconversion to an inactive metabolite.Benzocaine (ethoform) is a member of the group of local anesthetics...

Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 20): General Anesthetic Drugs

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... irrespective of the duration of anesthesia.216 General Anesthetic DrugsLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Soporifics, ... terms and conditions of license.Hypnotics 223C. Concentration dependence of barbiturate and benzodiazepine effectsB. Effect of hypnotics on proportion of REM/NREMA. Succession of different sleep ... level of anesthesia de-pends on the intensity of the pain-pro-ducing stimuli, i.e., the degree of noci-ceptive stimulation. The skilful anesthe-tist, therefore, dynamically adapts theplane of...

Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 21): Psychopharmacologicals

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... Another site of action of lithium may be GTP-bindingproteins responsible for signal trans-duction initiated by formation of the ag-onist-receptor complex.Rapid control of an acute attack of mania ... PsychopharmacologicalsLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Psychopharmacologicals 229B. Rate of elimination of benzodiazepinesA. ... hLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Therapy of SchizophreniaSchizophrenia is an endogenous psy-chosis of episodic...

Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 22): Hormones

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... ad-ministration of high doses of a thio-amide with concurrent administration of thyroxine to offset diminished hor-mone synthesis. Adverse effects of thi-oamides are rare; however, the possibil-ity of ... agonistBromocriptine2 3.Cessation of hormone secretion,"chemical castration"Inhibition of prolactinBuserelinHypothalamussecretion of STHLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll ... Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Oral ContraceptivesInhibitors of ovulation. Negative feed-back control of gonadotropin...

Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 23): Antibacterial Drugs

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... PenicillinasesensitivityLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Inhibitors of Tetrahydrofolate SynthesisTetrahydrofolic acid (THF) ... acidFolatesynthesisp-Aminobenzoic acidClofazimineSkin discolorationPyrazinamideLiver damageCombination therapyReduced risk of bacterial resistanceReduction of dose and of risk of adverse reactionsMycobacteriumlepraeMycobacteriumtuberculosis12RifampinLiver ... modes of action of antiviral agentsAntimetabolites = incorrect DNA building blocksLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of...

Tài liệu Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 24): Disinfectants ppt

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... divisionInhibition of formationMicrotubules of mitotic spindleInhibition of degradationLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. ... resealing.Inhibition of nucleobase synthe-sis (2). Tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) is re-quired for the synthesis of both purinebases and thymidine. Formation of THFfrom folic acid involves dihydrofolatereductase ... followed byloss of effect because of the emergence of resistant tumor cells. Mechanisms of resistance are multifactorial:Diminished cellular uptake may re-sult from reduced synthesis of a trans-port...

Tài liệu Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 25): Therapy of Selected Diseases pptx

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... by a forceful, synchro-nous contraction of abdominal wall muscles and diaphragm. Closure of theglottis and elevation of the soft palateprevent entry of vomitus into the tra-chea and nasopharynx. ... denervation), loss of sym-pathetic vasomotor control can be com-pensated by administration of sympa-thomimetics.314 Therapy of Selected DiseasesLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ... effects.320 Therapy of Selected DiseasesLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Therapy of Selected Diseases...

Tài liệu Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 26 and the end): Further Reading doc

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... PolidocanolLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Drug Name → Trade Name 341HHalofantrine HalfanHaloperidol ... RoaccutanLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Drug Name → Trade Name 345Ondansetron ZofranOpium Tincture (laudanum) ... DrisdolWWarfarin Coumadin, Panwarfin, SofarinLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.HHaemaccel Gelatin-colloidsHalcion...

Tài liệu Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 1): History of Pharmacology pptx

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... M. D.Professor EmeritusDepartment of PharmacologyUniversity of KielGermanyKlaus Mohr, M. D.ProfessorDepartment of Pharmacologyand ToxicologyInstitute of PharmacyUniversity of BonnGermanyAlbrecht ... Ziegler, Ph. D.ProfessorDepartment of PharmacologyUniversity of KielGermanyDetlef Bieger, M. D.ProfessorDivision of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of MedicineMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt. ... readers of the multilingual editions of the Color Atlas for their suggestions. We are indebted to Prof. Ulrike Holzgrabe, Würzburg,Doc. Achim Meißner, Kiel, Prof. Gert-Hinrich Reil, Oldenburg, Prof....

Tài liệu Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 2): Drug Administration doc

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... terms of a defined number of drops, the size of which depends on thearea of the drip opening at the bottlemouth and on the viscosity and surfacetension of the solution. The advantage of a drop ... directlyin front of the mouth and actuated atthe start of inspiration. The effective-ness of delivery depends on the position of the device in front of the mouth, thesize of aerosol particles, ... membraneeasily. This is of major importance withrespect to the absorption, distribution,and elimination of drugs.20 Cellular Sites of ActionLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll...

Tài liệu Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 3): Distribution in the Body docx

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... Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Blood-Tissue BarriersDrugs are transported in the blood todifferent tissues of ... Distribution in the BodyLüllmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology © 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Possible Modes of Drug DistributionFollowing its ... of bodywater), and smaller in the obese and theaged.The concentration (c) of a solutioncorresponds to the amount (D) of sub-stance dissolved in a volume (V); thus, c= D/V. If the dose of...

Tài liệu Color Atlas of Pharmacology (Part 4): Drug Elimination doc

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... CO2+NR1R2CH3OHNR1R2CHDesalkylierungL llmann, Color Atlas of Pharmacology ' 2000 ThiemeAll rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.Elimination of Lipophilic and Hydrophilic SubstancesThe ... manner. The speed of formation of hydrophilic metabolite determines thedrug’s length of stay in the body.If hepatic conversion to a polar me-tabolite is rapid, only a portion of theabsorbed ... protonated sub-stances, the extent of reabsorption isdependent upon urinary pH or the de-gree of dissociation. The degree of disso-ciation varies as a function of the uri-nary pH and the pKa,...