... spread of the random variables [18] A Kalman filter is composed of a number of equations which estimate the state of a process by minimizing the covariance of the estimation error Kalman filters ... generated from the sugarcane model to formulate a mathematical model of the network The system has five metabolites that are free to change and three that remain fixed, with a total of 54 parameters ... Figure Schematic diagram of the case study model–the sucrose accumulation in sugar cane culm tissue In order to make a fair comparison of the UKF to other methods of parameter estimation, the...
... a large number of degrees of freedom m- version adaptive scheme may save some computational work One criterion to determine the number of modes was presented in this scheme Compared with the s-version ... utilised to demonstrate the adaptive techniques, the proposed schemes are valid for many situations where the MSM and MAM are required [5–9] MSM and MAM Assume the eigenvalue and eigenvector matrices ... total degrees of freedom of a model design parameter; number of lowest modes to be solved by subspace iteration eigenvalue shifting value 刻qÞ eigenvector matrix of a reduced model q ¯ time...
... (1) m, 1 = (1) gm+1,1 1st column (1) (2) g22 (2) gm,2 gm ,m (2) gm+1 ,m gm+1 ,m+ 1 mth column (m) of {gni } (m+ 1)th column (1) of {gni } gm+1,2 of {gni } nd column (2) of ... conditions of Lemma 3.5 To complete the “lim inf” path of the proof in the Mosco convergence, we proceed as in the proof of Theorem 3.7 Finally, by the arguments as in the proof of Theorem 3.7 and ... (ω) − i=1 n = k n ≤ mmm xj j=1 k fn,(i−1 )m+ j (ω) − j=1 i=1 m k j=1 n m fn,(k−1 )m+ j (ω) − j=l+1 k (fn,(i−1 )m+ j (ω) − xj ) + i=1 + n mm xj j=1 m fn,(k−1 )m+ j (ω) j=l+1 k − n mm xj (3.20) j=1 By...
... procedure to a fragment of the entailment graph for ‘asthma’ (i.e., for propositional templates with ‘asthma’ as one of the arguments) Taxonomy for arguments The optional concept taxonomy maps terms to ... terms Figure 2: Fragment of the entailment graph for ‘asthma’ (top), and its conversion to a DAG (bottom) Figure 4: The roots of the entailment graph for the ‘asthma’ query 3.2 Exploration Scheme ... occurred as arguments of the selected template For example, in Figure 1, the user is examining the list of arguments for the template ‘X control Asthma’, which are mapped to the concept ‘Hormone’, focusing...
... observed over the life time of the system and this is important in domains in which the total number of features in very large, but only a small number of them is active in each example As far as supertagging ... inference, which are HMM, PMM and CSCL Among these three models, PMM is the most suitable for our task The basic idea of PMM is as follows Given an observation sequence , we find the most likely state ... in the MEMM model were similar to ours In addition, prefix and suffix features were used to handle rare words Several MEMM supertaggers were implemented based on distinct feature sets In (Mu˜ oz...
... function and with the loss of plasma membrane drug efflux pumps [35] The results of this study point to the two isoforms of human cytosolic Hsp90 differing in the relative efficiencies with which ... upstream activator of the PKC1-MPK1 cell integrity pathway J Bacteriol 181, 3330–3340 30 Martin H, Rodriguez-Pachon JM, Ruiz C, Nombela C & Molina M (2000) Regulatory mechanisms for modulation of ... restoration of high-temperature (37 °C) growth being shown in Fig 4A Both isoforms of human cytosolic Hsp90 can therefore activate human ERK5 MAP kinase in yeast Rlm1p, the major trans-activator of cell...
... added to mL of the incubation medium containing 500 mm sucrose, 150 mm KCl, 20 mm Hepes (acid), 10 mm potassium phosphate, mm potassium glutamate, mm potassium malate, mm potassium succinate, mm MgCl2 ... Xenopus, mg of Xenopus liver mitochondria was added to mL of an incubation medium containing 120 mm KCl, 20 mm Hepes, 10 mm potassium phosphate, 0.025 mm EGTA, mm potassium glutamate, mm potassium malate, ... spectrophotometer Mitochondria were added at a final concentration of 2.5 mgỈmL)1 (for Artemia mitochondria) or 0.5 mgỈmL)1 (for Xenopus liver mitochondria) to mL of medium identical to that used...
... m ! if α = (α1 , α2 , · · · m ) Let us compare with the equivalent formulation of this theorem in terms of multiple Ito integrals: (See Chapter 1) If ψ(t1 , t2 , · · · , tn ) is a real symmetric ... , sm−1 , sm )dW (t1 ) · · · dW (sm−1 )}]dsm s2 ··· = 0 g(s1 , , sm−1 , sm )dW (s1 ) · · · dW (sm−1 )} sm { h(t1 , , tn m , s1 , , sm )dW (t1 ) · · ·)dW (sm )}] ··· E[{ = t2 sm T g(s1 ... general) EXAMPLE 3.7 (i) The Wick square of white noise is (singular case) • Wt • = (Wt ) ek (t)em (t)H k + m = k ,m (smoothed case) wφ2 = ck cm H k + m if φ = ck ek ∈ S k ,m Since H k+ m = Hk ·Hm H 2k...
... type=“text/css” media=“screen”> @import “jqtouch/jqtouch.min.css”; 6 Working with jQTouch to Build Websites on Top of jQuery @import “themes/jqt/theme.min.css”; ... e-mail (matthewadavid@gmail ( com) My gut is telling me that there are not too many of these devices out in the wild anymore To get you started you need to download the latest release of jQTouch ... target=“_blank”>Button You can add up to five buttons Richer Form Elements At some point you will need to add a form to your website The form may be a “contact us” type of form, a “get more...
... transmitted force centre of mass, modulus of rigidity, gain factor mass moment of inertia second moment of area, moment of inertia stiffness, gain factor length Laplace transform mass, moment, mobility ... to the simplest mathematical treatment, analysts sometimes approximate more complex' types of damping to the viscous type Consider the single degree of freedom model with viscous damping shown ... between elements, internal friction in deformed members, and windage It is often difficult to model damping exactly because many mechanisms may be operating in a system However, each type of damping...
... from MathWorks, Inc in the form of MATLAB software tools My very special thanks to my son, Vikram Rajan, M. D., who encouraged me tremendously by giving me constructive comments and suggestions to ... electrical engineering, supplemented with some additional materials Derivations are kept to a minimum so as not to lose sight of the main theme Numerous examples are provided to illustrate various digital ... encouragement at QUALCOMM My sincere thanks to Steve A Morley of QUALCOMM with whom I had the opportunity to work in developing video compression technology for digital cinema His initial review of...
... CRLB: Cramer-Rao lower bound; EHM: extend halving method; ESDM: extend symbolic dynamics method; HM: Halving method; ISDM: improved symbolic dynamics-based method; PEM: piecewise estimation method; ... the minimum embedding dimension of a scalar time series Physica D 110(12):43–50 (1997) Submit your manuscript to a journal and benefit from: Convenient online submission Rigorous peer review Immediate ... is close to SNRth , the estimation error becomes CRLB Improved SDM SDM ESDM -20 -40 (6) 50 Figure Comparison of CRLB, the proposed method in this paper, SDM in [13], ESDM in [7]and HM in [10]...
... introducing a priori information with the same number of measurements Moreover, the performance gap is increasing with the growth of the similarity level For instance, with a similarity of 11.5% for reconstructing ... percentage of 74.5% while our TBCS algorithm is able to accomplish a maximum reconstruction percentage of 86.9% At a high similarity level, MBCS can reach a maximum of 80.1% while our TBCS algorithm is ... does not mean that the signals are the same but means that they have the same nonzero element locations; the amplitudes may not be the same Our TBCS algorithm performance is compared with MBCS and...
... elegans, Chromosomes I–V File CHROMOSOME CHROMOSOME CHROMOSOME CHROMOSOME CHROMOSOME Total Summary of data reduction in C elegans, Chromosomes I–V No of sequences No of alt % alt No of exons 3537 ... an estimation of the length distributions from the training set of sequences, and are characterized by the minimum and maximum duration length allowed For example, the minimum and maximum durations ... description of the Baum-Welch algorithm in the hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM) formalism In Appendix B, we present a description of the Viterbi algorithm in the HSMM formalism 0.8 0.6 A Baum-Welch...
... terms of this isomorphic transformation, thus replacing traditional mathematical operators withnonlinear operators which attempt to characterize the nonlinearity of image arithmetic For example, ... Multiresolution Image Decomposition Schemes Image fusion algorithms using the PLIP model require a mathematical formulation of multiresolution decomposition schemes and fusion rules in terms of the model ... image fusion algorithms over a number of different image classes including outof-focus, medical, surveillance, and remote sensing images, whose applications can make use of image fusion to improve...
... exists m ∈ N such that dλ (f xm , f xm+1 ) = Applying (17), we get that ψλ (dλ (f xm+1 , f xm+2 )) ≤ ψλ (M (gxm+1 , gxm+2 )) − ϕλ (M (gxm+1 , gxm+2 )) A simple computation gives us that M (gxm+1 ... point Proof It is similar to the proof of Theorem 3.2 Using the same technique of the proof of Theorem 3.3, we deduce from Theorems 3.4 and 3.5 the following fixed point result Theorem 3.6 Let ... , gxm+2 )) = dλ (f xm+1 , f xm+2 ) Thus, we get that ψλ (dλ (f xm+1 , f xm+2 )) ≤ ψλ (dλ (f xm+1 , f xm+2 )) − ϕλ (dλ (f xm+1 , f xm+2 )), 15 which implies from (C2) that dλ (f xm+1 , f xm+2...
... number of subjects, the size of images, the number of images per subject, the number of training samples per subject, the number of validation samples per subject, and the number of test samples ... histogram equalization Table lists some Figure 3: Some sample images in the (a) ORL and (b) AR face databases general information of the two databases, and Figure shows some sample images of ... Another problem with null(Sw ) is that its dimensionality is bounded by the minimum of the dimensionality of the data and the difference between the number of samples and the number of classes Consequently,...
... plurisubharmonic functions,” Advances in Mathematics In press 11 J Diller, R Dujardin, and V Guedj, “Dynamics of meromorphic maps with small topological degree II: energy and invariant measure,” Commentrail ... it follows from that the complex Monge -Amp` re operator is well defined on Ep For further information about e pluripotential theory and the complex Monge -Amp` re operator we refer to 8, e The ... give an applicationof Inequality A within the pluripotential theory Proof of Inequality A A crucial tool in Lemma 2.2 is the following theorem Theorem 2.1 Let ψ x Γ x /Γ x be the digamma function...
... the pyramid approach, is employed to compute optical flow on five pairs of images, that is the reference frame and the frame with maximum motion in each movement Using the pyramid method with reduced ... the symmetry relative to the vertical component of the total amount of displacements from the resting face to the peak of movement (4) Symr , defined by (11), represents the symmetry relative to ... and amount of movement between image sequences The optical flow computation results are processed by our proposed method to measure the symmetry of the facial movements between each side of the...
... Zm ’s (m = 1, 2, , M) is very similar to the diversity combining in communications to combat channel fading, and the combination schemes may be different for different applications In this paper, ... which means there is a frequency shift δi for radar i To minimize the interference from one waveform to the other, optimal values for δi should be determined to have the waveforms orthogonal to ... the mean values of τ and FDi are 0, so we just assume the parameter of this Rayleigh distribution b = E2 γ2 + σ (when τ and FDi equal to 0) Let ym |Zm (u; τ, FD1 , , FDM )|, then f ym = ym ym...