... reported in articular cartilage in osteoarthritis [11 ,12 ] In this disease, the body of evidence points towards these being part of a more profound change in chondrocyte biosynthesis [13 ] driven ... and reversing disc degeneration 10 11 12 Competing interests The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests 13 Authors' contributions CLM participated inthe design ofthe study, ... beads: restoration ofthe differentiated phenotype and ofthe metabolic responses to interleukin-1beta J Cell Physiol 19 98, 17 6:303- 313 Mengshol JA, Vincenti MP, Brinckerhoff CE: IL -1 induces collagenase-3...
... theroleof HIF -1 in chondrocytic energy generation, matrix synthesis and cell survival During hypoxic and normoxic conditions, functional inactivation of HIF -1 inthe presence of interleukin -1 ... Forschungsgemeinschaft (PF383/4 -1) References 10 11 12 13 14 15 Yudoh K, Nakamura H, Masuko-Hongo K, Kato T, Nishioka K: Catabolic stress induces expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1a in articular ... death [15 ] Thus, the work by Yudoh and colleagues adds further experimental evidence for the suggested roleof HIF -1 in protecting chondrocytes from cell death induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines...
... FR139 317 or PD 14 5065 Br J Pharmacol 19 94, 11 1(4) :10 09 -10 16 Henry PJ, Carr MJ, Goldie RG, Jeng AY: Theroleof endothelin in mediating virus-induced changes in endothelinB receptor density in ... inthe regulation ofthe airway caliber [6,7 ,11 -14 ] Accordingly, the use of ET -1 receptor blockers may also be of promise for the prevention ofthe deleterious effects of ET -1 on the lungs; in ... inthe other groups of mice Discussion The involvement of ET -1 inthe hyperoxia-induced lung function deterioration was characterized in detail inthe present study by assessing the changes in...
... Rabbit Rabbit Rabbit Rabbit Rabbit Rabbit Mouse 39 Dilution 1: 1,000 1: 5,000 1: 2,000 1: 1,000 1: 1,000 1: 1,000 1: 1,000 1: 5,000 1: 5,000 1: 10,000 1: 10,000 ... on cancer cell proliferation 11 1. 2.3 PI3K/AKT signalling pathway and altered metabolism incancer cells 15 1. 2.4 p53 and its rolein altered cancer cell metabolism 18 1. 3 TheRole ... Summary Breast cancer is the major cause ofcancer death in women in Singapore The incidence of breast cancer will continue to escalate, owing to multiple factors These include increased life...
... 12 9 4.2 Expression of caspase -1 and growth of virus in influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) infection of RAW264.7 macrophages 13 0 4.3 Insights into theroleof caspase -1 using a murine ... Biochemistry of caspase -1 14 1. 8.2 Substrates of caspase -1 14 1. 8.3 Synthetic caspase inhibitors 15 1. 9 Animal models in influenza pneumonia 16 1. 10 Caspase -1 and ... caspase -1 Active caspase -1 processes the IL -1 precursor (step 7) inthe cytosol results inthe generation ofthe mature IL -1 An influx of calcium into the cell (step 8) with an increase in intracellular...
... N-linked oligosaccharide side-chains are important for the GABA transport activity 1- Deoxymannojirimycin inhibits the GABA-uptake of GAT1 In order to gain further insight into theroleofthe ... misfolding of this protein, resulting in its partial retention inthe ER and its rapid digestion thereafter [16 ,19 ] Accordingly, our results indicate that the intracellular trafficking of N-glycosylation ... from rat brain J Biol Chem 272, 12 03 12 10 11 Varki A (19 93) Biological roles of oligosaccharides: all ofthe theories are correct Glycobiology 3, 97 13 0 12 Lis H & Sharon N (19 93) Protein glycosylation...
... demonstrating an increase inthe level of caveolin- 1 phosphorylation in irradiated rats located primarily inthe microglial and vascular endothelial cells ofthe spinal cord The findings suggest that the ... expression of CD86 on antigen-presenting cells by means of caveolin- 1 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004, 10 1, 14 186 -14 1 91 11 Okamoto T, Schlegel A, Scherer PE, Lisanti MP Caveolins, a family of scaffolding ... up-regulation of IL -1 and TNFα mRNA synthesis at h and 24 h in vitro [7] IL -1 induces the phosphorylation of caveolin- 1in HIT-T15 cells [12 ] Therefore, it is highly probable that IL -1 induces the phosphorylation...
... Research 2 011 , 12 : 31 http://respiratory-research.com/content /12 /1/ 31 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Steenbock H: The Induction of Growth Promoting and Calcifying Properties in a Ration ... retinoic acid inthe A/J mouse model: evidence of retinoid mitigation of vitamin D toxicity Int J Cancer 2007, 12 0 :14 02 -14 09 doi :10 .11 86 /14 65-99 21- 12- 31 Cite this article as: Herr et al.: Therole ... experimental demonstration ofthe existence of a vitamin which promotes calcium deposition 19 22 The effect of additions of fluorine to the diet ofthe rat on the quality ofthe teeth 19 25 J Biol Chem 2002,...
... 2 011 ) Taken together, prevailing studies indicate that theroleof B2 cells is atherogenic while theroleof B1a is atheroprotective through IgM antibodies secreted in atherosclerosis How the ... spleen of apoE-/mice 10 9 3.4.2 Increased oxysterol inthe spleen of apoE-/- mice 11 0 3.4.3 Summary 11 2 3.5 Antibody production of B1a cells in apoE-/- mice 11 3 3.5 .1 ... Immunity in Atherosclerosis 12 1. 4 .1 Localization of B cells in Atherosclerosis 12 1. 4.2 Association of oxLDL-specific antibodies with Atherosclerosis 14 1. 4.3 Cloning of oxLDL-specific...
... women in management In fact, Schein’s ongoing studies (Schein, 19 73, 19 75, 19 92, 19 94, 19 96; Schein et al., 19 89) have highlighted the pervasive perceptions that the ‘‘think manager-think male’’ ... limited in raising the profile of women in management However, during this period of research, there was an emerging recognition ofthe importance of a concern for people inthe behavioural theories ... way of leading could be achieved (Blake and Mouton, 19 64) All these behavioural theories were proposed inthe 19 30s, but achieved prominence inthe 19 60s at a time when the number of women in...
... results The preferred method ofskin testing is the Mantoux tuberculin skin test using 0 .1 mL of tuberculin units (TU) of purified protein derivative (PPD) (1 ) BCG vaccination contributes to the ... by only 1. 1%, and during 19 86, it increased by 1. 1% over the 19 85 rate (12 ) This upward trend continued through 19 92, when the incidence was 10 .5 cases per 10 0,000 population For 19 93, the reported ... explore the sources ofthe heterogeneity inthe efficacy ofthe BCG vaccine reported inthe individual studies Using a model that included the geographic latitude ofthe study site and the data...
... HHP-RNase RNase AA-GG RNase AA-G RNase AA 10 0 51 71 28 12 10 0 10 3 10 9 58 10 0 10 0 10 0 0 18 10 10 )63.8 )67.3 )44.3 )27.3 )14 .0 FEBS Journal 273 (2006) 3687–3697 ª 2006 The Authors Journal compilation ª ... were prepared using the crystallographic structures of these proteins (PDB codes 1BSR, 7RSA, 1A2W, 1F0V and 1Z7X, respectively) As inthe 1Z7X structure of HP-RNase Lys1 is lacking, this residue ... through the exchange between subunits of either their N-terminal, or their C-terminal ends [33–35] We found that the behavior with the model membrane ofthe dimer in which the C-terminal ends...
... t is thein interaction ofthe results of these asynchronous processes that the process of comprehension is defined 4 .1 The processes are independent ofthe knowledge representations defined ... decided inthe final stage ofthe production ofthe French sentences (Boitet and Nedobejkine, 19 81) The content words are s p e c i f i c a l l y marked as beginning with vowels or s i l e n t "h" The ... activation of a l l meanings of each recognized word in HOPE, the determination ofthe phonetic representation of a recognized word determines the breadth of active competition amon meanings for...
... 23.5% 33.5% 20% 10 % 15 % 10 .5% 11 % months + 1% - 2% - 10 % - 13 % month - 1% 0% - 18 % - 22% Enterprises ofthe top right quarter (group 1) correspond in principle to the better-off, as good real performances ... Khi(2) 1, 70 -0,0027 0, 011 61, 63 (6,602) ( -1, 844) (1, 949) à (1) =0,4994222 ; à(2) =1, 426 513 ; à(3) =1, 827084 C: Sub-groups & (lower half of Graph 1) No-debt Inventory Exp-prod Labour Khi(2) 1, 41 -0,00 017 05 ... In 19 96, the credit has overall been decreasing for 53% ofthe sample, it has been increasing for 36%, and has been stable for the remaining 11 % An increase in indebtedness (of 80% in average)...