the good the bad and the ugly promise and problems of ancient dna for anthropology
Báo cáo y học: "The promise and limitations of population exomics for human evolution studies" doc
... unknown whether these more complex forms of balancing selection have an important role in the patterns of human genetic diversity, and exomes are ideal for this line of inquiry because their cost-effectiveness ... selection, the elimination of deleterious mutations, is by far the most common type of selection Therefore, it is the most relevant to human health because, for the vast majority of functionally ... resource for understanding how the process and dynamics of admixture manifest themselves in patterns of variation [30] across the genome At the individual level, exome data may allow reconstruction of...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 1 pptx
... years through the development and use of a succession of live food organisms as feed for the developing larvae The aim of the present manual was therefore to review and summarise the latest developments ... permission of the copyright owner Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Information Division, Food and ... Countries for the synthesis of information in the field of aquaculture nutrition The editors would like to thank James de Caluwe, Rudi Bijnens, Magda Vanhooren and March Verschraeghen for their assistance...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 2 doc
... the advantage of allowing control of the quality of the cultures The major difficulty in microscopic counts is reproducibility, which is a function of the sampling, diluting, and filling of the ... reduce the time required for upscaling The lag in growth is attributed to the physiological adaptation of the cell metabolism to growth, such as the increase of the levels of enzymes and metabolites ... Also, the quality of the harvested cells may be less predictable than that in continuous systems and for example vary with the timing of the harvest (time of the day, exact growth phase) Another...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 3 ppt
... of sudden collapses of the cultures (Hirayama, 1987) Most probably the reason for these crashes was explained by the poor digestibility of the yeast, which requires the presence of bacteria for ... facilitates on one hand the possibilities for automatic feeding but on the other hand requires the use of aeration and cold storage The following standard culture procedure has been developed and tested ... consisting of the head, trunk and foot (Fig 3.1.) The head carries the rotatory organ or corona which is easily recognized by its annular ciliation and which is at the origin of the name of the Rotatoria...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 4 pptx
... expansion of aquaculture production in the 1970’s, the demand for Artemia cysts soon exceeded the offer and prices rose exponentially, turning Artemia into a bottleneck for the expansion of the hatchery ... feet and feathers of birds, and when ingested they remain intact for at least a couple of days in the digestive tract of birds Consequently the absence of migrating birds is probably the reason ... salinity is the common feature determining the presence of Artemia, the impact of other parameters (temperature, primary food production, etc.) may at most affect the abundance of the population and...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 5 docx
... hatchability Hatchability of cysts is largely determined by the conditions and techniques applied for harvesting, cleaning, drying and storing of the cyst material The impact of most of these processes ... dry weight of instar I nauplius The hatching efficiency only accounts for the number of nauplii that are produced, and not for the size of these nauplii (strain dependent); by contrast the hatching ... for instar I nauplii (see 4.2.3.; Fig 4.3.4.) For example, for the culture of carp larvae during the first two weeks, the use of decapsulated cysts constitutes a saving of over one third in the...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 6 docx
... 1986) On the other hand, instar II stages may be more susceptible to digestive enzyme breakdown in the gut of the predator since these enzymes can also penetrate the digestive tract of the Artemia ... through the consumption of seawater, the main concern regarding the mineral composition of Artemia is whether they meet the requirements of fish or crustacean larvae reared in freshwater For example, ... over the world for enhancing the nutritional value of Artemia with essential fatty acids Figure 4.3.7 Schematic diagram of the use of Artemia as vector for transfer of specific components into the...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 7 pptx
... influence the feeding behavior of Artemia by affecting the filtration rate, ingestion rate and/ or assimilation: including the quality and quantity of the food offered, the developmental stage of the ... The main advantages of these products are their low cost and universal global availability Equally important in the evaluation of dry food is the consistency of the food quality and supply, and ... in the center of the culture tank (Fig 4.4.6.) The base is closed by a PVC-ring and bears a flexible tube for the evacuation of the effluent An aeration collar is fixed to the lower end of the...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 8 pptx
... The presence of Artemia is not only essential for the control of the algal blooms The Artemia metabolites and/ or decaying animals are also a suitable substrate for the development of the halophilic ... soils, often found in mangrove areas When exposed to the air, the pyrite of these soils oxidizes to form sulfuric acid Of course liming of these soils is possible However, the quantities of lime ... visible and this depth is then also recorded; the average of both of the recorded depths being the turbidity The turbidity also fluctuates during the day and is generally highest in the afternoon...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 9 pptx
... area of the net the more effective and rapid the filtration Hence, the upper limit of the dimensions of the nets depends on the ease of handling rather than anything else The effectiveness of filtering ... filtration and prevent losses due to the narrow and strong back current The longer the distance between the propeller and the net, the wider and shorter the net can be The distance between the propeller ... gates The amount of zooplankton collected depends on the zooplankton concentration in the water flowing out of the reservoir and on the volume of the water leaving the reservoir Again, the nets...
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Tài liệu Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture - Phần 10 pptx
... zooplankton, and copepods, nematodes and trochophores The document has been prepared to help meet the needs of aquaculture workers of member countries for the synthesis of information in the field of aquaculture ... spawning before the females, the males must be removed from the container and left out of the water, so as to stop the male spawning; the males are put back in the water when a sufficient number of females ... COVER The success of any farming operation for fish and shellfish depends upon the availability of a ready supply of larvae or “seed” for on-growing to market size The cultivation of fish and shellfish...
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THE MYTHS AND LEGENDS OF ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME docx
... deposited the public treasury and the laws of the state RHEA (OPS) Rhea, the wife of Cronus, and mother of Zeus and the other great gods of Olympus, personified the earth, and was regarded as the Great ... Cronus and Rhea, was the goddess of Agriculture MNEMOSYNE, the daughter of Uranus and Gổa, was the goddess of Memory and the mother of the nine Muses LETO (Latona) was the daughter of Cus and Phbe ... [24]individual of this evil race, except Deucalion and Pyrrha The theory of Hesiod,[8] the oldest of all the Greek poets, was that the Titan Prometheus, the son of Iapetus, had formed man out of clay, and...
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Báo cáo sinh học: " Open Access Cloning of the canine RNA polymerase I promoter and establishment of reverse genetics for influenza A and B in MDCK cells" docx
... because the former restriction site occurs in the MDCK pol I containing fragment isolates of the H6N1, H7N3 and H9N2 subtypes (Table 2) The wt virus which was the source of the HA and NA for the ... features of the RNA pol I promoters and rRNA genes from other mammalian species In the genomes of human, mouse and rat, the distance from the beginning of the 18S rRNA sequences to Page of 12 (page ... released into the cytoplasm and subsequently enter the nucleus where replication of the vRNA results in the production of both mRNA and complementary RNA (cRNA), the template for synthesis of more...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Cloning of the canine RNA polymerase I promoter and establishment of reverse genetics for influenza A and B in MDCK cells" pdf
... because the former restriction site occurs in the MDCK pol I containing fragment isolates of the H6N1, H7N3 and H9N2 subtypes (Table 2) The wt virus which was the source of the HA and NA for the ... features of the RNA pol I promoters and rRNA genes from other mammalian species In the genomes of human, mouse and rat, the distance from the beginning of the 18S rRNA sequences to Page of 12 (page ... released into the cytoplasm and subsequently enter the nucleus where replication of the vRNA results in the production of both mRNA and complementary RNA (cRNA), the template for synthesis of more...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Global Existence and Uniqueness of Strong Solutions for the Magnetohydrodynamic Equations" potx
... well This completes the proof of Theorem 1.1 except the uniqueness assertion because of the presence of vacuum , which will be proved in the next section Uniqueness and stability of strong solutions ... a lot of literature on the studies of MHD by many physicists and mathematicians because of its physical importance, complexity, rich phenomena, and mathematical challenges, see 1–14 and the references ... 1.7 mean that the boundary is nonslip and impermeable The purpose of the present paper is to study the global existence and uniqueness of strong solutions of problem 1.2 – 1.7 The important...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article On the Existence and Convergence of Approximate Solutions for Equilibrium Problems in Banach Spaces" pot
... = ν Then, the assumption (iv) of Theorem 3.2 holds Therefore, our results extend, improve, and unify the corresponding results obtained by Chen and Wu in [19] Theorem 3.4 Let K and X be the same ... (ii) of Theorem 3.2 holds (d) Assumption (iii) of Theorem 3.2 can be obtained by Lemmas 2.12 and 2.13, and conditions (i) and (iii) (see [2]) Thus, the conclusions of the theorem follows from the ... inequalities, and complementarity problems (see [1, 9–12] and the references therein), can all be cast as equilibrium problems in the form of problem (1.1) There are several papers available in the literature...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Characterization and Optimization of LDPC Codes for the 2-User Gaussian Multiple Access Channel" docx
... expressed the evolution of the mean of the messages when they are assumed Gaussian, we make use of the function J(μ) (12) in order to give the evolution of the mutual information through the state ... (i.e., half of a round) Therefore in the following we omit the user index Proof of Proposition We now proceed to compute the evolution of the mutual information through all nodes of the graph By ... symmetry property of the variable and check nodes, the transformation of the distributions can be performed under the assumption that the all-one sequence is sent However, for the state-check node,...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Global Existence and Uniqueness of Strong Solutions for the Magnetohydrodynamic Equations Jianwen Zhang" pptx
... well This completes the proof of Theorem 1.1 except the uniqueness assertion because of the presence of vacuum , which will be proved in the next section Uniqueness and stability of strong solutions ... a lot of literature on the studies of MHD by many physicists and mathematicians because of its physical importance, complexity, rich phenomena, and mathematical challenges, see 1–14 and the references ... 1.7 mean that the boundary is nonslip and impermeable The purpose of the present paper is to study the global existence and uniqueness of strong solutions of problem 1.2 – 1.7 The important...
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