... SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING IN DEVELOPMENTACKNOWLEDGMENTS The data inthe text and graphs are from the publications ofthe Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology, Of ce of Evaluation of Research ... the main, if not the sole, factors shaping cultures. For instance, the Bedouin Arab andthe desert-dwelling Iranian ofthe wind- and sand-stricken drylands have to protect themselves from the ... scorching sun of their habitat by covering virtually all parts of their bodies. On the other hand, the inhabitants ofthe wet tropics have to minimize their clothing to enhance the ventilation of...
... o inthe future. Other The research described in this report was prepared for the Office ofthe Secretary of Defense (OSD). This research was conducted under the auspices ofthe Forces and ... Commands, the Department ofthe Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, andthe defense Intelligence Community. Nelson Lim served as the prin-cipal investigator. Comments are welcome and ... within, DoD’s top leadership is dependent upon the pipeline of junior ocers. Looking at this pipeline, they found no prospect for an increase inthe representation of minorities or women in the...
... disregard ofthe increased utility of precoordinated strings of subject terms, and catalog browse displays of them The problem with any discussion of such issues lies inthe complexity of theirinterrelationships. ... larger intellectual framework for the whole profession– the shape ofthe whole elephant,” of which cataloging and classification are the legs andthe tusks.I will present the outline first, then ... subject classes inthe book stacks will bebrowsing in whole books on the topic of interest–not merely in snippets of text having the right words inthe wrong contexts.11 Cataloging and classification,...
... astounding conclusions. Inthe course of ParallelWorlds, we review the history of cosmology, stressing the paradoxesthat have infested the field for centuries, culminating inthe theory of in ation, ... dogma and superstition. The first revolution in cosmology was ushered in by the intro-duction ofthe telescope inthe 1600s. With the aid ofthe telescope,Galileo Galilei, building on the work of ... 73 percent ofthe matter and energy in the universe is accelerating the expansion ofthe universe, push-ing the galaxies apart at ever increasing speeds. The universe is be-having like a driver...
... principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. ... services of eminent members of appropriate professions inthe examination of policy matters pertaining to the health ofthe public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National ... yield the celltypes ofthe tissue of origin. Sources of adult stem cells include bonemarrow, blood, the eye, brain, skeletal muscle, dental pulp, liver, skin, the lining ofthe gastrointestinal...
... Ingredients: Toxins and Waste In the central plains of China’s Henan Province, local residents grew suspicious of trucks that routinely pulled in behind the play-ground of their primary school and dumped ... skeptical minds.”—David Owen, author of Green Metropolis“Think the answer to global warming lies in solar panels, wind turbines, and biofuels? Think again. . . . In this thought-provoking and deeply ... to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, is twenty-five thousand times more threaten-ing.31 The solar photovoltaic industry is one ofthe leading and fastest growing emitters of these...
... system, in which other adults and young inthe group assist with the feeding of the breeding female andthe chicks. The nest is situated in natural holes in logged or unlogged forest, and like other ... eliminates du-plication of data and information, and enhances effi ciency in terms of infor-mation and data handling. Key aspects of the approach include a coordination mechanism between the ... in 2005 noted that the “degradation and loss of wetlands (both inland and coastal) is continuing more rapidly than for other ecosystems”. The problem continues since economic development and...
... THEFUTUREOF AMERICAOur vision for strengthening these institutions so that they may re-main dynamic assets over the coming decades involves both increasing their productivity and ensuring their ... Taiwan and South Korea, now China and India—took the profits and reinvested them inthe innovation capacity—including educational and research infrastructure—that will allow them to advance further.10ã ... 33many.14 They include the assets outlined at the beginning of this chapter. Models for understanding the role of scientific research and technological innovation more specifically and indexes...
... that explains the evolution inthe value of life and itsrelation with health spending. They calculate the marginal cost of saving a life at diÔerent ages and over time inthe US, and nd that ... prevention of stroke and the corresponding rates of utilization inthe US and Canada. They show that utilizationrates increased dramatically between 1989 and 1995 following the publication of two inuentialclinical ... varying the number of lagsincluded inthe ADF regression.13 resources and utilization, health spending and …nancing. Drawing from this data, we incorporate in the regression a number of variables...
... transforms ofthe originals) to the im-plant, which in turn feeds them into the nerve bundles running betweenWarwick’s hand and brain. The choice of nerve bundles inthe arm as interface point is ... badge, worn inside the arm. My sense is that as the bioelectronic interface grows in complexity and moves inward, deeper into the brain and farther from the periphery of skin, bone, and sense organs, ... moreover, working and thinking on the crest of two major waves of innovative research: work in computing and electronic data-processing,3 and work on cybernetics4 the science of control and communication...
... AmazonCopyrightâ2009byMartinR.FordAllRightsReserved,includingtherightofreproductioninwholeorinpartinanyform.PublishedintheUnitedStatesbyAcculantPublishing.LibraryofCongressCataloging -in- PublicationDataFord,MartinR.TheLightsintheTunnel:Automation,AcceleratingTechnologyandtheEconomyoftheFuture/MartinFordp.cm.IncludesbibliographicalreferencesISBN-101-4486-5981-7ISBN-13978-1-4486-5981-41.EconomicsFutureTrends2.EconomicsImpactofAdvancedTechnologyon3.ArtificialIntelligenceandRobotics4.ComputerTechnologyandCivilization5.TechnologicalUnemploymentI.TitleThis ... The 2008-2009 Recession 110 Offshoring and Factory Migration 113 Reconsidering Conventional Views about theFuture 115 The China Fallacy 117 The Futureof Manufacturing 124 India and Offshoring ... ob-viouslydon’tcaterdirectlyto the globalmassmarket,theyarenone-thelessintegratedinto the activitythatoccurs inthe tunnel, and theyare heavily impacted by the overall health and vitality ofthe massmarket. THE LIGHTS INTHE TUNNEL...
... ourDNAmolecule and identifyingeachgenetookatremend-ousamount of computationalresources, and gridcompu-tingplayedasignificantrole in this. The geneticinformationobtainedthrough the projectisstored in databases and canbeaccessedbyscientists and researchersvia the Internet. The resultisafantasticsource of knowledgethatcontinuestobeanalyzed and whichiscertain to result in innumerable future advances inthe fields of genetics,bio-engineering and medicine.An especially interestingdevelopment inthe field of gridcomputingis the ideathatunusedpoweronvirtuallyanycomputerconnectedto the Internetcanbeintegratedintoavoluntarygrid and deployedtosolvebigproblems.Mostcomputers,iflefton,donothingatallduringlargeblocks of time,especiallyovernight. The ideatotiethesecomputerstogetherbyhavingtheirownersdonateunusedcomputingpowerhassprungup in anumber of places.Stanford ... ofthe tunnel walls aregrowingdark.Nowweseethatmany ofthe verybrightestlights inthe tunnelfinallyfeel the impact and alsobegintolosetheirlight. The owners ofthe businesses inthe tunnelareseeingmuch of theirwealthgraduallydrainaway. The ... you took them toa card reader machine.Youfed the stack of cardsinto the machine and yourpro-gramwasenteredintoalongline of otherprogramswait-ingfor the attention ofthe computer.After...
... drinkcoffeeatStarbucks. In terms of unitdemandformoderate-lypricedpersonalproductslikecellphonesormp3play-ers,acashiermaycountasmuchasacorporateCEO.Many ofthe jobslisted inthe tablearealready inthe process of being automated oroffshored.Otherswillbetargeted inthe verynear future. Millions of otherworkers in occupations that ... cashdrawer.Ifyouwere in one ofthe lanesfurtherout,however,thingswerefarmoreinteresting.Yousealedyourmoney,paperwork,checkbook,etc.intoaplasticcylinder and thendropped the cylinder into the providedopening. The cy-linder then traveled through an underground tube—propelled I think by some sort of ... voice-automation technology. ”19Thisisone ofthe reasonsthatIdidnotincludeoff-shoring in ourtunnelsimulation.Wecouldhavesimulatedanoffshoredjobasanaveragelightflickeringout in onepart ofthe tunnel and then...
... thisprocess is in collecting, copying, collating and faxing in- formation. The intellectualportion ofthe job—eitherap-provingordenying the loan—isprobablyalreadyessential-lyhandledbyacomputer.Throughout the economy,there*Formoreonrobotics and itspotentialimpactonemployment and on ... businessesover the Internet.UsingXML, the computersatamanu-facturingcompanycantalkdirectlyto the computersbe-longingto the company’ssuppliers. The continuingdrivetowardpaperlessdocuments and seamlesscommunicationislikelytoeliminatemany of thesehumaninterfacejobs in the comingyears. The Next “Killer App” Since the beginnings ofthe personal computer industry,computerhardwaresaleshaveoftenbeendrivenbyapar-ticularsoftwareapplicationsocompellingthatithasmoti-vatedcustomerstopurchase the machinerequiredtorunit.When the AppleIIwasintroduced in 1977,it ... 2003,automationwascausingsignificantjobloss in Brazil,India and China.Wecannotsuccumbto the temptationtoassumethat the risingmiddle classes in China and India aregoingtosolve the demandproblem....