khả năng của vi sinh vật phân hủy một số nhóm chất
monetary policy in vietnam alternatives to inflation targeting
... “Strategy for the Development of Banking Services in Vietnam in the Context of International Economic Integration.” Project VIE/02/009 Banking Service Sector Hanoi, Vietnam August 2004 Tran Van Tho, Nguyen ... United Nations Development Programme Vietnam Communist Party Vietnam Living Standards Survey World Trade Organization Introduction 1.1 Central Bank Policy: Vietnam Case Study One of the most important ... aggregate productivity, maintain external balance, contain inflation and stabilize asset markets (Frenkel and Taylor 2005) International evidence from cross-country empirical research provides support...
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Báo cáo y học: "The Diels-Alder-Reaction with inverse-Electron-Demand, a very efficient versatile Click-Reaction Concept for proper Ligation of variable molecular Partners"
... negativity is crucial for maintaining the high diene-activity The stability of functionalized tetrazine esters, however, proved to be insufficient, whereas functionalized tetrazine amides provide ... prime examples of the Click-Chemistry, since they dispose the sufficient driving force and also the required selectivity This 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, well investigated during the last years, ... tetrazine diene compounds It became evident that especially modified esters or acidic amides should be considered as appropriate tetrazine derivatives because of the reactivity of two carbonyl groups...
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Economics: A Very Short Introduction
... approximately That said, anyone who has visited villages in poor countries will know that privacy is not a fundamental right there In tropical villages that I have visited, cottages are designed and ... observing what they are about By a social norm we mean an accepted rule of behaviour A rule of behaviour reads like: ‘I will X if you Y’; ‘I will P if Q happens’; and so forth For a rule of behaviour ... author’s model influenced her choice of the evidence displayed in her work, that she chose as she did only after having sifted through a great deal of evidence You ask in response how you are to...
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Game theory: A very short introduction
... behaving irrationally Game theory has had some notable successes in explaining the behaviour of spiders and fish, neither of which can be said to think at all Such mindless animals end up behaving ... Bruce SOCRATES C C W Taylor THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR Helen Graham SPINOZA Roger Scruton STUART BRITAIN John Morrill TERRORISM Charles Townshend THEOLOGY David F Ford THE HISTORY OF TIME Leofranc Holford–Strevens ... women invited me to share their table for lunch As I sat down, one of them said in a sultry voice, ‘Teach us how to play the game of love’, but it turned out that all they wanted was advice on...
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Global catastrophes: A very short introduction
... temperature rise and sea-level change are constantly undergoing revision, but the evidence is now irrefutable: human activities are driving the current period of planetary warming Notwithstanding ... another, but the survival of at least some elements of our race on other worlds; (iii) the obliteration of the human race but the survival of the planet, due perhaps to some virulent and inescapable ... Murphy DADA AND SURREALISM David Hopkins Darwin Jonathan Howard THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS Timothy Lim Democracy Bernard Crick DESCARTES Tom Sorell DESIGN John Heskett DINOSAURS David Norman DREAMING J Allan...
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Photography: a very short introduction
... could compare with it, and it provided an essential service in ‘giving a permanent form to the enlarged images of the microscope’ ‘The archaeologist and antiquary, the virtuoso and historian’ all ... category of ‘objectivity’ – a key concept in the functioning of the photographic document and in other documentary media Common sense suggests that objectivity is a self-evident part in the toolbox ... observation (the news media typically claim objectivity) However, historical scrutiny suggests that objectivity emerged as a component part of the new subjectivity for observers during the 18th and 19th...
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Nuclear weapons: A very short introduction
... of the Soviet continental campaign The overwhelming nature of the Soviet attack caused very high casualties among the Kwantung army, killing 80,000 Japanese soldiers (against 8,219 Soviet dead ... uses, such as nuclear power providing limitless energy to the world Significantly, the processes associated with the military and civilian uses of atomic energy were virtually the same Traditionally, ... relinquishing its monopoly over the bomb In addition to handing a propaganda victory to the Soviets, continuing the US tests may have provided the impetus for them to pursue their own Another test was held...
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The meaning of life: A very short introduction
... on a certain view of it seeks to reveal the invisible laws and mechanisms by which things operate There are still depths, but what is at work in them now is Nature rather than divinity absolute ... human value in human civilization – a civilization upon which art itself had disdainfully turned its back Yet this was true only of the work of art’s form Since its content inevitably reflected the ... secularization, as well as by the crimes and follies of the churches A positivist sociology and behaviourist psychology, along with a visionless political science, completed the betrayal of the intelligentsia...
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Quantum theory: A very short introduction
... theory The ultraviolet catastrophe Much more obviously challenging and perplexing was another difficulty, first brought to light by Lord Rayleigh in 1900, which came to be called ‘the ultraviolet catastrophe’ ... aspects of their overall behaviour could be worked out This was the case because the bulk behaviour results from a coarsegrained averaging over contributions from many individual component states ... electron wave/particle duality Electrons arriving one by one is particlelike behaviour; the resulting collective interference pattern is wavelike behaviour But there is something much more interesting...
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Existentialism: A very short introduction
... reflection that ignores individual existence, Kierkegaard speaks of subjective reflection and its corresponding truth as subjectivity: When subjectivity is truth, subjectivity’s definition must include ... that existentialism as a philosophical movement can be located The existentialists can be viewed as reviving this more personal notion of ‘truth’, a truth that is lived as distinct from and often ... that the positivists require of science? Perhaps the knowing subject can be reintroduced into these discussions without compromising their objectivity Much will depend on us revising our definition...
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Chaos: A very short introduction
... friend I also profited immensely from having the chance to discuss some of these ideas with Jim Berger, Robert Bishop, David Broomhead, Neil Gordon, Julian Hunt, Kevin Judd, Joe Keller, Ed Lorenz, Bob ... again atypical of chaos in that it is ‘one-off’ sensitivity, but it does serve to distinguish sensitivity and uncertainty: this sensitivity is no threat as long as there is no uncertainty in ... always the sum of the previous two numbers (1 + = 2, + = 3, + = 5, ) which makes sense, as the previous number is the number we had last month (in our model all rabbits survive no matter how many...
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Documentary film: A very short introduction
... illusion of seen and felt reality through editing, camera angle, and pacing—gave viewers a vivid impression of having virtually experienced something genuine Flaherty’s archaism in the film was a ... viewers via e-mails from the liberal website MoveOn.org According to organizers, more than 100,000 viewers purchased the DVDs within the month, mostly for use in house parties where several viewers ... documentary? One easy and traditional answer is: not a movie Or at least not a movie like Star Wars is a movie Except when it is a theatrical movie, like Fahrenheit 9/11 (2004), which broke all box-office...
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Fossils: A Very Short Introduction
... 19th-century anti-evolutionists like Kelvin 24 because it was not nearly long enough for the slow evolutionary processes that Darwin envisaged Kelvin later revised his estimate to an even more hostile ... the coffin of the Diluvial theory was provided by Louis Agassiz, who in 1837 showed that many of the erratic boulders, water-borne sands and gravels that had seemed to be evidence for the Flood ... philosopher David Hume, in his Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion (1779), asked whether it was more logical to assume that complex living creatures had their origins in simpler ones than via some...
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Contemporary Art: A Very Short Introduction
... and curators – produces art’s freedom from the market for mass culture To state the obvious, Bill Viola’s videos are not play-tested against target audiences in the Midwest, nor are producers ... the movies, to endow work and life with their own meanings Equally for the viewers of art, there is a corresponding freedom in appreciating the purposeless play of ideas and forms, not in slavishly ... rather than watch television, go to the movies, a gig or a football match, or shopping There has been an intensification of competition here, a vying for spectacle, with television, to take a signal...
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Human Evolution: A Very Short Introduction
... The Latin for ‘flood’ is diluvium, so we call anything very old ‘antediluvial’, or dating from ‘before the flood’ Explanations for the creation of the living world involving successive floods had ... some individuals will be better than others at accessing those resources That variant will then gain enough of an advantage that it will produce more surviving offspring than other individuals ... for the origin of modern Homo 102 Adapted from L Aiello, ‘The Fossil Evidence for Modern Human Origins in Africa: A Revised View’, American Anthropologist, 95/1 (1993), 73–96 Map of the main ‘archaic’,...
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Newton: A Very Short Introduction
... barrage of upsetting evidence emerged from the papers of the first Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed, which presented a tarnished view of Newton’s demeanour Thereafter, Victorians vied to offer accounts ... their return Surviving against the odds, Newton was brought up by his mother until the age of 3, when she was approached with an offer of marriage by Barnabas Smith, an ageing vicar of a local ... size of the Earth He would also come to see this incredible effort as evidence for his priority in devising Universal Gravitation However, amazing as it was, it lacked many of the elements of...
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HIV/AIDS: A Very Short Introduction
... material, and are called retroviruses (scientifically, retroviridae) HIV also belongs in the family of viruses known as lentiviruses, which means slow-acting In humans, lentiviruses result in diseases ... groups – IDUs in the former Soviet countries or Chinese peasants; and, in rich countries, the deliberate spreading of the virus by individuals to implicitly ‘innocent victims’ won’t come about, ... strains of the virus, damaging their prospects for survival Effectively, such individuals get ‘super-infections’ When a person is newly infected, they sero-convert – this means the virus has taken...
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Relativity: A Very Short Introduction
... Statistics David J Hand The United Nations Jussi M Hanhimäki The Vietnam War Mark Atwood Lawrence For more information visit our websites www.oup.com/uk/vsi www.oup.com/us Russell Stannard Relativity ... General relativity 43 The equivalence principle 43 The effects on time of acceleration and gravity 49 The twin paradox revisited 55 The bending of light 60 Curved space 65 Black holes 79 Gravitational ... Shapiro’s test of general relativity 78 29 Detecting gravitational waves 97 30 The size of the universe plotted against time 108 Part Special relativity The principle of relativity and the speed of light...
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