... Unsurprisingly, uptake in these countries is high (as well as in Sweden and the US). In the UK it is much lower but rising (de Cock and71HIV in pregnancy4HIV in pregnancy: ethicalissuesin screening ... contravene existing guide-lines – in particular, the Declaration of Helsinki (World Medical Association,1996) and the international ethical guidelines for biomedical research involv-ing human subjects ... 12: 21–6.UK Intercollegiate Working Party for Enhancing Voluntary ConWdential HIV Testing in Pregnancy (1998). Reducing Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Infection in theUnited Kingdom. London:...
... NPYfeeding systems are dysfunctional in anorectictumor-bearing rats. NPY injected intrahypo-thalamically stimulated feeding less potently in rats bearing methylcholanthrene-inducedsarcoma than in ... al.Leptin-regulated endocannabinoids are involved in maintaining food intake. Nature2001;410:822-825.125. Tanaka Y, Eda H, Fujimoto K, et al.Anticachectic activity of 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouri-dine in ... signal.76,77Convergent information suggests that CRFmay be involved in triggering changes in gastrointestinal motility observed during stressexposure. CRF may induce delayed gastricemptying and gastric...
... of research question, influences on the funding of some research projects (and not others), influences on the outcome of research (i.e., findings), and influences on the dissemination of research ... miners in terms of the “frame” of numbers of coal miners, the health of miners appears to be diminishing. That is, coal mine deaths, per thousand coal-mine employees in the US, have been increasing ... more interesting if students address issues, pollutants, workplaces, and problems faced in their own communities. Such emphases will bring ethical issues “home.” Module 7: EthicalIssues in...
... whatsense of best? Clinical best? Moral best?Tensions between medicine and nursing are increasingly coming tothe fore in the field of health care research. In the past, says Blackburn in chapter 5, ... discovery in theGEOFFREY HUNT 11Noddings’ work might be expected to have something important to sayfor nursing ethics. She distinguishes between natural caring and ethical caring and maintains that ... questions. ButNoddings recognised that prior conditions must be met for ethical caring. Hanford speaks of nursing having to practise in a ‘chronicallyethically diminished state’. Nursing administration...
... in the context of ethicalissues in withdrawing life-sustaining treatment. He writes, ‘Life-sustaining treatmentimplies that treatment is being given in order to maintain or create the bestpossible ... now face a growing number of controversial issues involving human reproduction. To illustrate the variety of issues, considerthe following three scenarios. In the Wrst case, involving a pregnant ... according to theview in question, infants lack a right to life. However, this is at odds with ourmoral intuitions, according to which infants have moral interests that deserveprotection, including...
... which15 3Ethical issuesin embryo interventions and cloning9 Ethical issuesin embryo interventionsand cloningFranc¸oise ShenWeldCentre for Medical Ethics, UCL Medical School, London, UKIntroductionAlthough ... stimulating debate.15 7Ethical issuesin embryo interventions and cloningConclusionCloning is only one example, among the many discussed in this chapter, of ethical dilemmas in the new reproductive ... pertinent.Indeed if dignity has to be deWned in any essential manner, as it must be ifenshrined in international declarations, it is the unique quality of all humanbeings, also recognized in...
... developmental morbidity in children less than 26 weeks gestation at 2.5 years of age. Pediatric Research 45: 259A.34 5Ethical issuesin withdrawing life-sustaining treatmentinterest at the time ... 21.1. Ethicalissuesin withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from handicappedneonates – in the presence of uncertainty.light of the best scientiWc knowledge available. The future for the infant ... be severe gastrointestinal abnormalities and renalagenesis making death inevitable from renal failure within a very few days.Consideration of withholding or withdrawing life-saving medical treat-ment...
... encounter. In what follows I describe diVerent methods of fetal termination in multiple gestation, and critique the terminology used in discussing these methods. The perspective I bring to this ... the administration of infertility drugs, if ultrasoundmonitoring indicated maturation of multiple follicle cells (Manier, 1998:p. 1). At that point, clinicians might have declined to administer ... (DiVerent feminist standpoints are supported by feminist standpointtheory, which I have described and defended in Mahowald, 1995a.)Within the context of that imperative, targeting some fetuses...
... largely according to Figure 1.1. Although, from reading about research, it is easy to think about a single project beginning and ending at specific points of time, there is, in the research world, ... needed in the laboratory, in dealing with those who need convincing that the research is necessary, and in arranging details of the design which will ensure valid results whilst retaining cooperation ... when interpreting results and evaluating one's research. The articles covered in the survey cited by Valentine did not exactly set a shining example. Probably 85% used inadequate sampling...
... Char Count= 010 Finite Difference Methodsin Financial Engineering1.4 INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS In the previous section we examined a differential equation on a bounded interval. In this casewe ... Char Count= 08 Finite Difference Methodsin Financial Engineering1.2 TWO-POINT BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMLet us examine a general second-order ordinary differential equation given in the formu= ... Char Count= 016 Finite Difference Methodsin Financial EngineeringΓηΩFigure 2.3 Two-dimensional bounded regionrHarmonic functions (Du Plessis, 1970; Rudin, 1970)rMapping functions between...