costing as illustrated by the practical example of a fictitious car company
Báo cáo hóa học: " Joint fundamental frequency and order estimation using optimal filtering" pot
... the determination of the noise variance for each candidate model order The criterion in (85) reflects the tradeoff between the variance of the residual and the complexity of the model For example, ... estimation of the model order and the fundamental frequency The variance estimate in (101) also shows that the same filter that maximizes the output power minimizes the variance of the residual A ... selection can be explained as follows: Choose the model that maximizes the a posteriori probability f (Mm | xk ) of the model given the observation xk This can be stated mathematically as Mk = arg max...
- 18
- 297
- 0
Báo cáo y học: "Cost and mortality prediction using polymerase chain reaction pathogen detection in sepsis: evidence from three observational trials" pot
... acquired infections if the input data, such as rate of inadequate treatment and average daily treatment cost are known Another hidden cost of inappropriate antimicrobial therapy is the increasing ... Crit Care Med 2009, 37:3085-3090 18 Garnacho-Montero J, Ortiz-Leyba C, Herrera-Melero I, Aldabo-Pallas T, Cayuela-Dominguez A, Marquez-Vacaro JA, Carbajal-Guerrero J, GarciaGarmendia JL: Mortality ... information for earlier adequate treatment The aspect of false positive PCR assays and differential costs for antimicrobial drugs was not included the cost analysis These secondary effects are to look...
- 10
- 224
- 0
Air pollution exposure estimation using dispersion modelling and continuous monitoring data in a prospective birth cohort study in the Netherlands potx
... in an averaged spatially resolved concentration pattern for each wind class Various input data was taken into account in the calculations as described earlier [18,19], including annual data on ... Rajagopalan S, Pope CA, Brook JR, Bhatnagar A, Diez-Roux AV, Holguin F, Hong Y, Luepker RV, Mittleman MA, et al: Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: An update to the ... Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands 4Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Authors’ contributions All authors have made substantial contribution...
- 11
- 514
- 0
Báo cáo khoa học: "Analysis System of Speech Acts and Discourse Structures Using Maximum Entropy Model*" pptx
... acts We add two more syntactic features, Tense and Negative Sentence, to the syntactic pattern and elaborate the values of the syntactic features Table shows the syntactic features of a syntactic ... integrated model are worse than the results of each analysis model For top-1 candidate, the performance of the speech act analysis fell off about 2.89% and that of the discourse structure analysis ... made in the original draft References Andernach, T 1996 A Machine Learning Approach to the Classification of Dialogue Utterances Proceedings of NeMLaP-2 Berger, Adam L., Stephen A Della Pietra,...
- 8
- 489
- 0
Báo cáo khoa học: " Parsing the Wall Street Journal using a Lexical-Functional Grammar and Discriminative Estimation Techniques" doc
... increase robustness, the standard grammar has been augmented with a FRAGMENT grammar This grammar parses the sentence as well-formed chunks specied by the grammar, in particular as Ss, NPs, PPs, and ... Dozen president., the noun phrase Masahiro Dozen is labeled as an NP-SBJ However, the LFG grammar treats it as the OBJ of the matrix clause As a result, the labeled bracketed version of this sentence ... expire at the beginning of spect to the set of grammar parses consistent with the treebank annotations Such data can be gathered by applying labels and brackets taken from the treebank annotation...
- 8
- 477
- 0
Model choice in time series studies of air pollution and mortality pdf
... penalization) as well as a penalty parameter In our simulations and data analysis we use a basis dimension that is equal to 40 times the number of years of data The number 40 per year of data was ... have applied all the methods to the NMMAPS database, the largest publicly available database containing time series data of air pollution and mortality Our analysis of the NMMAPS data is important ... having an RMSE that is more than twice as large as the other methods in some instances Table also shows the contribution of bias and variance to the RMSEs of the estimates of β that were obtained...
- 25
- 489
- 0
perlovsky - neural networks and intellect - using model-based concepts (oxford, 2001)
... organization of the brain They created a simple mathematical model that was later named the formal neuron This model was supplemented by an adaptation mechanism by Hebb in 1949, and it served as a basis ... with the mathematical analysis of approaches to the design of systems and algorithms of intelligence in Chapter The mathematical analysis leads to a conclusion that there are few basic computational ... piece of data became available This area of probabilistic theory was developed by Bayes in 1763, and it is often called Bayesian decision theory It was the first mathematical technique to combine a...
- 496
- 2,947
- 0
Three essays on real estate, environmental, and urban economics using the hedonic price model technique
... of Mario A Jauregui and Dora M Danza, was born March 24, 1976, in Salta, Argentina He graduated from the American Nicaraguan School in Managua, Nicaragua, in 1994 He then attended the International ... has an impact on both the number of transactions conducted by a real estate agent as well as the final transaction price of the property We tested for endogeneity of the real estate agent variable ... calculate predicted rent values for transactions made with and without a real estate agent, then predict as if all transactions are made through a real estate agent, and as if all transaction are...
- 148
- 605
- 0
Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Robust and Accurate Curvature Estimation Using Adaptive Line Integrals" pdf
... area integral invariant [13] of a particular point on a curve, the standard convolution algorithm has a quadratic computational complexity With the help of the convolution theorem and the Fast ... significantly improved The performance advantage of this proposed adaptive window curvature estimation algorithm has been examined analytically, and has been validated using several numerical experiments ... (a) A sinusoidal waveform, (b) curvature estimate obtained by derivative of tangent, (c) curvature estimate obtained by Calabi et al.’s algorithm, (d) curvature estimate obtained by Taubin’s algorithm,...
- 14
- 294
- 0
Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article A Practical Approach for Simultaneous Estimation of Light Source Position, Scene Structure, and Blind Restoration Using Photometric Observations" pot
... source an image is captured, thus obtaining a set of images as observations If a Lambertian surface is assumed, the image irradiance equation relating the surface gradients and image intensity can ... relative motion between the camera and the object, the PSF remains same for all the observations We also assume that the blur is space-invariant, and hence a single blur mask is assumed for the ... used by many of the other researchers We then estimate the scene structure and the blur parameter and restore the image The blur function is modeled as Gaussian and the surface gradients are modeled...
- 12
- 379
- 0
Báo cáo hóa học: "Research Article A Geometrical-Based Model for Cochannel Interference Analysis and Capacity Estimation of CDMA Cellular Systems" pot
... numerical evaluation of the proposed model are presented The accuracy of the proposed model and the circular-cell approximation is examined in detail The impact of the BS antenna radiation pattern and ... toward the desired mobile user) is assumed MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION In the geometrical-based model proposed in [7], the cells are approximated as circles with radius ρ The pdf of the AoA of the ... significantly the outage probability of CCI, indicating the improved performance obtained by sectorization and the use of narrow beam antennas Typical values of CIR at the input of the receiver in the...
- 7
- 298
- 0
Báo cáo hóa học: " Doubly Selective Channel Estimation Using Superimposed Training and Exponential Bases Models" pdf
... dB There is also the data transmission rate advantage at all SNRs Further work is needed to compare the relative advantages and disadvantages of CE-BEM-based superimposed training and periodically ... to generate data whereas Examples and use a 3-tap Jakes’ channel to generate data In all examples CE-BEMs are used to process the observations; therefore, in Examples and we have approximate modeling ... zeropadding was used with a random bit in the middle of the training block, as in [7]: this leads to a peak-to-average power ratio (PAR) of In the other version we had a random binary sequence of...
- 11
- 255
- 0
Báo cáo hóa học: " Offline Signature Verification Using the Discrete Radon Transform and a Hidden Markov Model" doc
... rejection rate (FRR), the false acceptance rate (FAR), the equal error rate (EER), and the average error rate (AER) are used as quality performance measures The FRR is the ratio of the number of genuine ... Radon transform can be inverted through analytical means The DRT therefore contains almost the same information as the original image and can be efficiently calculated with an algorithm by Bracewell ... are then rescaled in such a way that the range of the coordinate with the greater range is normalised to roughly 480, while the spatial aspect ratio of the entire signature is maintained An image...
- 13
- 372
- 0
Báo cáo sinh học: "High-resolution quantitative imaging of mammalian and bacterial cells using stable isotope mass spectrometry" docx
... spatial aspects of metabolic pathways and the spatial relationship between replication and transcription As an example, we will show MIMS atomic mass imaging of the co-localization of RNA and ... instrument, the secondary ions are separated according to mass and then used to measure a secondary-ion current or to create a quantitative atomic mass image of the analyzed surface SIMS has become a major ... quantitative mass image contains at each pixel a number of counts, which are a measure of the selected atomic mass and are directly proportional to the selected atomic mass abundance in the sample,...
- 30
- 333
- 0
Báo cáo khoa hoc:" Comparison between estimation of breeding values and fixed effects using Bayesian and empirical BLUP estimation under selection on parents and missing " doc
... drawn from a N(0, a ) Genetic values of animals in later generations were simulated as aij = (asj + adj ) + mij , where asj and adj are genetic values of the sire and dam of individual j, and ... populations, the bias in the last generation was around 29% and 34% of the true additive genetic mean of the population at this generation for RM and MM data sets, respectively For the case of ... The starting values of the variances were the true simulation values 2.2.1 Bayesian analyses Bayesian estimates were obtained via Gibbs sampling following Wang et al [22] and Van Tassel et al [20]...
- 19
- 205
- 0
Báo cáo sinh học: " Power and parameter estimation of complex segregation analysis under a finite locus model" pot
... used as starting values for the maximization process Likelihood ratio test statistic was calculated by comparing a general model to a model with equal means (fJ fJAa /= AA = t aa)Because SALP and ... phenotype had equal effects Also in this case, gene frequency was higher than the expected 0.5 and the estimate of additive genetic variance was almost zero Bias in estimates of the parameters was larger ... variance Each simulated major gene scenario (table I) was replicated 50 times Empirical power of the mixed model of analysis was measured as the proportion of cases in which the likelihood ratio...
- 14
- 404
- 0
Báo cáo y học: "Haplotype and isoform specific expression estimation using multi-mapping RNA-seq reads" pptx
... regardless of the sex-strain combination of the parents, and are thus indicative of cis regulation One advantage of MMSEQ is that imbalances are assessed at the transcript level rather than for individual ... consistent with the observed SNP positions and imbalances This approach was taken by [2], who defined these genes as ‘complex’ as long as at least one SNP was significant An example of a complex gene ... downstream analysis, a more robust measure can be used, such as the library size parameter suggested by [21] The only unknown parameters in the model are the μt The observed data are the ki and the matrix...
- 15
- 281
- 0
Báo cáo y học: " Role of pulmonary intravascular macrophages in endotoxin-induced lung inflammation and mortality in a rat model" pot
... conjugated secondary antibodies for one hour The sections were stained with 2% aqueous uranyal acetate and then lead citrate Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction Total RNA was extracted from ... inflammation and mortality Although significant effort is invested in therapeutic targeting of single cytokines, these data show the attraction of therapeutic targeting of a cell such as PIMs These ... supervision of the project and read the manuscript and BS is the principal investigator who participated in the study design, data analyses and manuscript preparation Acknowledgements The work was supported...
- 11
- 373
- 0
Báo cáo y học: " Surfactant disaturated-phosphatidylcholine kinetics in acute respiratory distress syndrome by stable isotopes and a two compartment model" potx
... lungs via the pulmonary vasculature In the early exudative phase of ARDS the massive, self-perpetuating inflammatory process is characterized by an increased endothelial and epithelial permeability ... an increased reacylation of lysophosphatidylcholine (favored by the increased availability of palmitate residues generated by phospholipase A2 , released by inflammatory cells), to a proliferation ... causes alveolar instability, atelectasis and ventilatory inhomogenieties In severe ARDS, just a small fraction of parenchyma remains aerated, and the damage can be so widespread that normal parenchyma,...
- 12
- 224
- 0
Tìm thêm: xác định các mục tiêu của chương trình xác định các nguyên tắc biên soạn khảo sát các chuẩn giảng dạy tiếng nhật từ góc độ lí thuyết và thực tiễn khảo sát chương trình đào tạo của các đơn vị đào tạo tại nhật bản khảo sát chương trình đào tạo gắn với các giáo trình cụ thể xác định thời lượng học về mặt lí thuyết và thực tế điều tra đối với đối tượng giảng viên và đối tượng quản lí khảo sát thực tế giảng dạy tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam khảo sát các chương trình đào tạo theo những bộ giáo trình tiêu biểu nội dung cụ thể cho từng kĩ năng ở từng cấp độ phát huy những thành tựu công nghệ mới nhất được áp dụng vào công tác dạy và học ngoại ngữ mở máy động cơ lồng sóc đặc tuyến mômen quay m fi p2 đặc tuyến tốc độ rôto n fi p2 đặc tuyến dòng điện stato i1 fi p2 động cơ điện không đồng bộ một pha sự cần thiết phải đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy thông tin liên lạc và các dịch vụ từ bảng 3 1 ta thấy ngoài hai thành phần chủ yếu và chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là tinh bột và cacbonhydrat trong hạt gạo tẻ còn chứa đường cellulose hemicellulose chỉ tiêu chất lượng theo chất lượng phẩm chất sản phẩm khô từ gạo của bộ y tế năm 2008