... itself In hinterland and coastal land use that affects the GBR INNER REEFS Land clearing inthe river catchments draining into the GBR has been rapid and is still continuing, andthe landscape ... “would you kindly advise whether Oyster Point andthe rest ofthe Hinchinbrook Channel is within theGreatBarrierReef Region” (letter obtained under Freedom of Information legislation) The Attorney ... Oceanographic Processesof Coral Reefs Wasson, R.J 1997 Run-off from the land to the rivers andthe sea, inGreatBarrierReef Science, Use and Management, Symposium Proceedings Vol 1, GreatBarrier Reef...
... favoured the FF genotype of PGI, andthe combined pollution acted against the MM genotype of PGI and against the MM and SS genotypes of AP ’ higher frequency of heterozygotes among the surpollution significant ... from the rocky shores ofthe Haifa region and introduced in batches of 50-100 individuals into partially filled 80 L aquaria (70 x 30 x 40 cm) at the Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, ... inthe PGI system in oil + S + pollution Inthe AP system, the FIBr in detergent pollution and Min oil pollution) Considering homozygotic genotypes, the detergent applied by itself favoured the...
... trees of P pinea, P tobira, Q ilex and A opalus growing When interpreting the results ofthe chemical analysis of rainwater and deposits it is necessary to bear in mind the interactions between the ... However part ofthe chlorides absorbed by the needle are released during rinsing Inthe rainwater samples there can be interferences with atmospheric dust and dry deposits of nonmarine origin In any ... those with the greatest impact the system because ofthe amount of salt and surfactants they transport, occur rather infrequently within the total number of samples examined Finally, the ratio...
... time inthe literature a “switch on and off” mode of evolution of LCH The clinical course ofthe LCH varies, while its treatment, outcome and prognosis cannot be precisely defined, since, owing ... histological images and MF corrected and refined the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Received: ... had LCH involving more than one body system, and all of these patients were treated with surgery, chemotherapy or combination therapy The majority of these treated patients relapsed and underwent...
... analyzed and interpreted the magnetic resonance imaging; OL analyzed and interpreted the FDG-PET AT and KMM performed the histological examination ofthe tumor All authors read and approved the final ... effusion and a thickened pericardium ofthe free wall ofthe right ventricle (see Movies and 2) Diagnosis of pericardial diseases can be challenging and often requires a multimodal imaging approach including ... GP, HJT, DH and CP analyzed and interpreted the patient data regarding the cardiologic disease, therapy andthe echocardiographic diagnostic TB was a major contributor in writing the manuscript...
... method In general, there are questions about the interpretability ofthe specimen andthe rate of missing a lesion if the specimen is indeed interpretable Important for the application of excisional ... throughout the lesion Two staining patterns can be distinguished: the “diffuse” andthe “focal” expression pattern A continuous positive staining of cells inthe basal and parabasal epithelial layers ... of cytokeratins by the basal cells may explain their potential for glandular differentiation and for functioning as the germinal layer ofthe squamous epithelium (Fig 9) It may also explain their...
... to the prominence ofthe cingulum The labial line angles are more distinct than the lingual line angles Portions ofthe lingual fossa and cingulum are visible Most often, the greatest contour of ... in contrast to the gingival line, which may be ever changing The gingival line, also called the gingival margin or gingival crest, is the imaginary line which marks the level of termination of ... curvature c Lingual outline - The lingual margin is somewhat concave inthe incisal portion, and convex inthe gingival portion, due to the respective contours ofthe lingual fossa and cingulum The entire...
... on the particular manner in which the technique is used, and on the nature ofthe material being examined Perfbrming measurements at grazing angles of incidence ofthe probe beain, or grazing ... inthe immediate vicinity (-5 A) ofthe X-ray absorbing element The frequency ofthe E M S is related to the interatomic distance between the absorbing and neighboring atoms The amplitude ofthe ... access to the information Further comparative information is provided inthe introductions to the chapters Finally, a table is provided at the end ofthis introduction, in which many ofthe important...
... characterized The intensity of light diffracted into the various diffraction orders from the periodic structure is indicative ofthe shape ofthe lines If the line shape is influenced by steps involved in ... images therefore are inherently noisy The beam next arrives at the final lens-aperture combination The final lens does the ultimate focusing ofthe beam onto the surface ofthe sample The sample ... that ofthe crossover point, the total electron yield will be greater than andthe surface will be positively charged, thereby attracting incoming electrons and increasing the effective energy of...
... presented as the modulation ofthe yamplitude, which is determined by the intensity ofthe X-ray signal production from the ROI ofthe element of interest As the probe scans along the line, the CRT ... edge the andyst can determinethe identity ofthe atom giving rise to the signal, while the net integrated intensity for the edge can be analyzed to obtain the number of atoms producing the signal ... that possess interplanar spacings greater than the lateral spatial resolution limits ofthe instrument The principle here is the same as inthe AbbC theory for scattering from grating in light optics.’...
... They represent the same set of beams as in (a) The Ewald sphere always intersects the origin ofthe reciprocal lattice at the point of incidence ofthe incoming ray Directionsof the dfiacted beams ... qualitativelywith the use of kinematic scattering theory, i.e., by considering the single scattering of plane waves off a collection of objects (in this case atoms) Inthe kinematic limit, the scattering of ... boundaries andthe influence of finite sizes on the tran~ition.~ Dynamics of phase transitions, ordering, disordering, and growth Measurement ofthe time evolution ofthe diffracted intensity and the...
... technique* and peak fitting of chemical line shape standards, the chemistry inthe depth profile ofthe nitrided silicon dioxide layer was determined and is shown in Figure This profile includes information ... Chapter introduction to the principles of UPS and a large collection of spectra on small molecules, together with their interpretation in terms ofthe electronic structure and bonding ofthe molecules ... the valenceband density of states, andthe width ofthe L W peak is twice the width ofthe valence band The complete description ofthe number of Auger electrons that are detected inthe energy...
... has the characteristicenergy ofthe difference between the binding energies ofthe inner andthe outer shells The penetration depth of a highenergy photon into a material is normally inthe range ... maximizing the data throughput ofthe overall system In essence, 6.3 PIXE 365 the on-demand pulsing system consists of deflecting the beam off the specimen when the detector's amplifying system begins ... broad, and often uninteresting from an experimental point of view The large degeneracy ofthe atomic levels is split by interatomicinteractions into quasicontinuous bands (valence and conduction bands)...
... to the plane of incidence, p refers to the component parallel to the plane of incidence, and rand i refer to reflected and incoming light The plane of incidence is defined by the incoming and ... further here Still, common to all of these methods is the goal of obtaining and analyzing an infrared spectrum Basic Principles Infrared Spectrum Define Io to be the intensity ofthe light incident ... frequencies, are determined These loss (or gain) processes are again due to the coupling ofthe vibrational processesinthe sample with the incident IR radiation So, though the physics ofthe Raman process...
... provide information regarding the use of channeling 486 ION SCATERING TECHNIQUES Chapter measurements inthe analysis of materials The remainder ofthe book is a study ofthe physics of channeling ... nuclei ofthe sample The energy of ions scattered at a known angle is used to indicate both the mass ofthe scattering nucleus andthe depth of penetration ofthe ion into the sample before the ... of hydrogen recoil with respect to the incident beam; M1 El are the mass and energy, respectively, ofthe incident ion; and M2is the mass ofthe recoiling ion; E; is the energy ofthe recoiling...
... upon the electron affinity or ionization potential ofthe element itself, the chemical nature ofthe sample in which it is contained, andthe type and intensity ofthe primary ion beam used inthe ... obtained The depth scale ofthe profile is commonly determined by physically measuring the depth ofthe crater formed inthe sputtering process and assigning that depth to the total sputtering ... imaging depth profile is acquired, combining the use of both depth profiling and imaging Depth Profiling Mode If the primary ion beam is used to continuously remove material from the surface of...
... profile ofthe major elements inthe thinf film structure o AI /TiN /Si, comparing the annealed and unannealed structures t o determine the extent of interdiffusion ofthe layers The depth profile ... Al:Si/TiN/Si are shown in Figure 7b The measurement identifies the redistribution ofthe Si to the interfaces, the diffusion of Al and Si into the TiN, and a strong difiiiion out of Ti from the TiN ... TiN into the overlyingAl However, no Al has diffused into the Si nor Si from the substrate into the Al, demonstrating the effectivenessof the TiN barrier Yet another strength of SNMS is the ability...
... the parentheses is the nucleus of interest (the species to be profded) The first term in parentheses is the incident particle The remaining components are the products ofthe reaction Those in ... planes of atoms inthe material inthe neutron beam, h is the wavelength ofthe impinging neutron wavefront, and 28 is the diffracting angle The difiaction geometry is illustrated in Figure Inspection ... 1.5 k In this l i t , p is the mass density, Z 6; i the sum of scattering lengchs ofthe atoms comprising the s molecule, is the reai part ofthe refracrive index, Bc is the critical angle, and...