Formal or informal

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... encs.1.2 Informal letter Informal letters are used for exchanging information among friends, relatives.This is the layout of an informal letter: 1. 36 Sharton Orive 2. Shaftesurg 3. Dorset SH ... of correspondence they are going to write: informal or formal one. Therefore, an appropriate choice of words, form, style or expression should be done.1.3 Some useful kinds of exercises for ... that the proportion of simple sentences used in formal letters is much greater than that in informal ones ( 72% vs.50%) Whereas, subordination is more frequently found in the informal ones.(...

... Udry, 1997).Another important factor of both formal and informal markets relates to penalties. Inthe absence of formal contract enforcement mechanisms, both formal and informal institutions rely ... market, what explains borrowers’ decision to borrow at all, andwhether to borrow from either formal or informal segments? Informal finance in AfricaCharacteristics of informal financeA large ... informal financial sectors. They argue that the informal sector derives its dynamism fromdevelopments in the formal sector as well as from its own internal characteristics. The informal and formal sectors offer...

... preliminarily identify featuresthat correlate with formal address (like titles, andformulaic language) as well as informal address. Ourresults could be useful, for example, for MT fromEnglish into languages ... indicators, manyare furthermore names of persons from particularnovels which a re systematically addressed formally(like Phileas Fogg from Jules Vernes’ In eighty daysaround the world) or informally ... liketo apply a sequence model to account for the depen-decies among sentences, and obtain more meaningfulfeatures for formal and informal address. In orderto remove idiosyncratic features like...

... indicative word features for T or Vbut mix formal, informal, and neutral vocabulary.This tendency is already apparent in class 3: Gen-tlemen is clearly formal, while rascals is informal. patients ... classes in-dicative for V. Almost all others of the 400 clustersdo not have a strong formal/ informal association629Top 20 words for V Top 20 words for TWord wP (w|V )P (w|T )Word wP (w|T )P ... regarding the difficultyof finding indicators for the class T is that indi-cators for T tend to be more novel-specific thanindicators for V, since formal language is moreconventionalized (Brown and Levinson,...

... this context. There are hardly any clinical, counseling, or personnel decisions made by either formal or informal procedures that informed persons claim to be absolutely certain. (To find any ... almost always equal or superior in accuracy to the informal, impressionistic, clinical method of data combination? Space does not permit more than a summary statement here; for more extensive treatment ... discriminant function or a multiple regression equation. An actuarial table with proportions is, of course, a formal objective procedure for combining encoded data. Formal does not mean numerical,...

... ProcedurePause when formulating judgment Understand what was meant by actions or wordsReflect on information and ask for additional informationReinterpret by applying an alternate explanationRedirect conversation toward goals ... ImpasseTake a break to develop strategiesDefine cost consequences if agreement is not reachedReconsider outcomes to be accomplishedLower your dependence on them and increase their dependence on youBreak problem into smaller partsIf impasse is on substance, focus on process – how to proceed from hereIf impasse is on process, try the shared text approachKeep power in your pocket (e.g. attorney, credible reference)Keep the door open Conflict as a Choice PointExplore whether conflict is a signal for a changeView the disagreement as a choice point and explore options for moving forward – what comes next?Utilize framing ... Differences•Dismissive – interrupting, talking over, ignoring {men engage more frequently than women}•Exclusionary – leaving someone out of the meeting, discussion or social gathering•Undermining – going behind the back of others or using insults to discredit arguments•Retaliatory – used when other party feels threatened•Patronizing – use a condescending tone {happens more to women}...

... directories, and muchmore. To support the structured Webhypothesis, this article will survey pre-liminary Web mining successes andsuggest directions for future work.Web mining may be organized ... documents and services on theWeb.• Information extraction. AutomaticallyOren EtzioniTERRY WIDENERThe World-Wide Web:Quagmire or Gold Mine?Is information on the Web sufficiently structuredto ... toimprove its ability to extract informa-tion [1]. For example, it knows how tofind author and title information inLatex documents and how to stripposition information from Postscriptfiles....

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