... from the bottom up: first the base, then the members, and then the derived class itself. They are destroyed in the opposite order: first the derived class itself, then the members, and then the ... This point is crucial in the design of the standard containers, which rely on a template argument to specify default values (§ 16. 3.4). The C++ Programming Language, Third Edition by Bjarne Stroustrup. ... ap p() (§18 .6. 8) to reduce the action to its natural form:i if f (v v[j j+g ga ap p]<v v[j j]) s sw wa ap p(v v[j j] ,v v[j j+g ga ap p]) ; The C++ Programming Language, Third Edition by Bjarne...