... miRNA genes,located mainly in the intergenic genomic region, byRNA polymerase II [10-12]. There are also a small num-ber of miRNA genes located inside the protein codinggenes. For these miRNAs, ... length for a majority of the small RNAs. Combining the deep sequencing andbioinformatics, we discovered 14 novel miRNA families as well as 75 conserved miRNAs in peanuts. All 14 novelpeanut miRNAs ... and development. In co ntrast, miRNAs nega-tively control gene expression by targeting protein cod-ing gene mRNAs for cleavage o r repressing proteintranslation [2,3].miRNAs are first transcribed...