... seconds of film time. In the first shot, the capsule leaves the moon, exiting at the bottom ofthe frame. In the second shot, the capsule moves from the top ofthe frame to the bottom ofthe frame. ... film-maker would pan the camera to follow the characters or cut to the offscreen action, but the Lumières did neither, providing an emblematic instance ofthe preservation ofthe space ofthe pro-filmic ... thehistoryofthe cinema is not just a historyof this machine, and certainly cannot be told from the point of view of the machine and the people who control it. Nor is industrial cinema the...
... language the phasewhich this and later chapters refer to as Old English. Migration of people and the consequent relocation ofthe languages they speak will therefore be one of the major themes of ... scale over the best part of three centuries. The forms of English that the migrants took with them varied considerably according to such factors as the part of Britain from which they came, their ... caseswell into the Christian era. The same is true of Germanic, the last major branch of the family to be mentioned, which will be the main concern ofthe later part of this chapter. The starting...
... on the people (the new title ofthe monarch was not ‘king of France’,but ‘king ofthe French’). One ofthe deepest changes it wroughtwas the incorporation in the constitutional community of ... attending the first performance ofThe Ring ofthe Nibelung.But liberation from the patrons ofthe old regime could alsomean enslavement to the new commercial world ofthe public.All too often ... made them more rigid. It was the ending of détente in the wake ofthe Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 and the Polish crisis of 1980–1 that precipi-tated the final crisis of what the new...
... and the condition of, the substitution ofthe HayBulwer Treaty, p. 24— The rules ofthe Suez Canal Treaty which serve as the basis ofthe neutralisation ofthe Panama Canal, p. 25meaning ofthe ... with the text ofthe letter of Mr Thomas Willing Balch of Philadelphia the worthy son of his father who was the first to demand the settlement ofthe Alabama dispute by arbitration—which the ... have the exclusive right of providing for the regulation and management ofthe Canal. Thirdly, the parties agreed—see the preamble ofthe Hay-Pauncefote Treaty—that the general principle of the...
... prevalent throughout the devel-oping countries ofthe world and inareas ofthe United States. Many of these customs are being practiced in the United States, especially given the influx of people from ... The dentistshould determine whether the patient has any history of surgery, as well as any medications heIf concurrent alcoholand tobacco use isnoted during the history- gatheringphase of ... use is noted during the history- gathering phase of treatment, the dental practitioner should be alert to the patient’s increased potential for oral cancer.8Alteration ofthe oral mucosa’s permeabilityinduced...
... ofthe abstractforms. The “good” or the “form ofthe good” consti-tutes the highest form of wisdom because it encom-passes all other forms and shows their interrelated-ness. The form ofthe ... illuminates all otherforms and makes them knowable. It is the highesttruth. Later, in Christian theology, the form of the good is equated with God. The Allegory ofthe CaveIn the allegory ofthe cave ... on the immortality of active reason, on the scala naturae (the hierarchi-cal design of nature), on the earth being the center of the universe, and on the unmoved mover. The reconciliation of...
... andperception is at the core ofthe present formulation ofthe embodiment hypothesis. The analogy between the form ofthe argument for the embodiment hypothesis and the form ofthe foregoing argument ... soothe the infant the parent could say, ‘‘There, there,there ,’’ giving more stress and amplitude on the first part ofthe word andtrailing off towards the end ofthe word. Alternatively, the ... neurophysiological issues at this early stage of the research.Over the course of this brief historyofthe embodiment hypothesis, I havetraced the evolution of several senses ofthe term. I have traced its gradual...
... indicated by the use of bold lines:they ‘‘profile’’ aspects ofthe object of conceptualization, but none at the level of the subjects of conceptualization or ofthe relation between the two levels. ... details.In each of these cases, the landmark with respect to which the trajector is located ispart ofthe ground ofthe utterance. The position ofthe ballroom in (3) is calcu-lated from the common ... relevant for the speech participants (i.e., part ofthe common ground), then the location of the address is calculated from the position of sentence (4) in this document. So, in each of these cases,...
... is, the object ofthe main clause ‘‘controls’’ the reference ofthe un-derstood subject in the infinitive clause; whereas in Johnny asked the teacher to go to the bathroom, the referent ofthe ... which thus constitutes the matrix domain that is the antecedent of the anaphoric pronoun she. The theory of Ruiz de Mendoza and his coauthors has the advantage of accounting for the difference between ... perceptfor cause metonymy: the question What’s that noise is about the cause of the noise and the subsequent noun phrase identifies the source ofthe noise, that is, the cause, here a natural force....
... (7) The plug’s staying loose let the water drain from the tank.(8) The fan’s being broken let the smoke hang still in the chamber.In fact, these patterns can be seen as the negation ofthe ... because the intention ofthe agentto make something happen initiates a sequence of causally related events, from the volitional act ofthe agent via the moving parts of his or her body and other ... However, the further application of extra heavy stress (factor Db1)to the verb, as in (32c), now undoes the backgrounding effects ofthe four convergentfactors. It overrides them and forces the foregrounding...
... despite the fact that in both cases the ‘‘origin’’ (O) ofthe frame is the speaker.(6) a. He is in front ofthe bush. (FoR: Relative, O: Speaker)b. He is in front ofthe bush from John’s point of ... acquisition studies. By studying the way second-languagelearners master the structures of their L2 and the mistakes they make,inferences can be drawn about the nature of their L1 categories (Frissonet ... on the basis of this viewpoint (e.g., in front of the wall)c. Absolute FoR: The system is anchored in fixed geo-cardinal positions(e.g., North ofthe border)Spatial expressions defined on the...
... doubtful. Rather, all languages appear to make use ofthe concept, but theycan differ substantially both as to the extension ofthe regions which they expressand as to whether they use primarily ... points are ofthe same kind, andthey should therefore not be lumped together under the cover term ‘‘landmark’’(or ‘‘ground’’). How, then, is the translocation of trajector defined in the Geocen-tric ... Region: superiorb. John walked over the bridge. Region: surface(17) a. The room is at the back ofthe school. Region: interiorb. The tree is at the back ofthe school. Region: exteriorAn alternative...
... and they quickly come along with the activa-tion. ‘Jesus on the Cross’ evokes the frame of ‘Roman crucifixion’, of ‘Jesus the baby’, of ‘Jesus the son of God’, of ‘Mary and the Holy women at the ... the point of view ofthe speaker, whereas in the second he is described from Ursula’s point of view. Although the first description is true and the second is false, Ursula wouldacquiesce to the ... space P, in which the coun-terpart ofthe tortoise ‘is a’ hare. The Access Principle operates here: the counterpartb2in the new space P is accessed from the Base by means ofthe description...
... Subject—and another element ofthe construction the Verb. This is the sense inwhich one says that Heather is the Subject ofthe Verb sings. In other words, the term‘‘Subject’’ confounds ... types of relations in a construction: the role of the part in the whole and the relation of one part to another part. The difference between the two is illustrated in (11):(11)Different theories ... is, the meanings ofthe parts ofthe construction are combined to form the meaning of the whole construction. The reason that they must be represented as independentconstructions is not that the...