... Commercial Uses ofthe Internet The size ofthe market, judged by the number of agents or domain names, is growing rapidly on the Internet. The growth rate in the number of Internet hosts ... All these mechanisms depend on the neutrality and trustworthiness ofthe parties who provide the supposedly objective information. The neutrality of these parties is often in doubt, or otherwise ... Science Foundation and the program managers, Drs. Su Shing Chen and Les Gasser, and the support from the Information Technology Program ofthe State of Texas. The Economicsof Electronic Commerce...
... and theEconomicsof Security presents the latest research on the economics driving both the risks and the solutions. These chapters represent some of the best, cutting-edge research within the ... than 20 percent ofthe number of payments processed in the EU), the focus ofthe analysis is mainly on the euro area: the above-mentioned 10 euro area countries in the survey together process ... Third, in the majority ofthe 15 countries, the role of nonbanks for payment cards is high or prevalent in many ofthe activities considered. This is probably due to the high automation ofthe pre-transaction...
... PAPER The Economics of FTTN vs. FTTP The Economicsof FTTN vs. FTTPPage 3 The business caseEvery operating company must consider its own business case in relation to the capabilities ofthe ... fiber all the way to the home or office and offer the most future-proof solution in terms of pure bandwidth capabilities. But in some cases, FTTP may not be the optimal solution in terms of overall ... TheEconomics of FTTN vs. FTTPThere are three predominant schools of thought regarding how to meet the ever-increasing bandwidth needs of consumers and businesses. Fiber-to -the- premise...
... on the - How does it influence on the economics of Viet Nam? economics of Viet Nam? 1. Positive influence1. Positive influence::- To give the government opportunities to mobilize the ... fears of inflation is rising. The economists forecast CPI will continue to increase in the last months. It is more accelerating inflation. 3. The situation of Viet Nam ‘s 3. The situation of ... in Viet Nam -> Finally, the real investors are the disadvantaged. Part 02: How does it influence on the economics of Viet Nam?Part 01: Talk about the state of trading shares on Viet...
... activities. The evaluation ofthe reliability ofthe information that is hard to be corrected. Therefore, the need to supplement the disclosure of securities transactions, the issue of false informationand ... companies offered to the public. Conclusion, it is necessary toexpand the scope of activities of individual securities offering.+For information proclaimation: The expansion of disclosure of information, ... sensitive with theeconomics activities and is measure of the economics ‘s effect.-To give the government opportunities to mobilize the financal resourceswithout inflation. Besides, the security...
... all other sectors. Then estimating the size ofthe adaptation deficit requires estimating the degree of government underspending in climate-sensitive areas relative to all other areas ofthe ... Because ofthe complexity of modeling sectors at a global level, none ofthe sectoral models is capable of choosing the optimal timing of investments. This implies that the time-paths of investments ... separation of costs of development from those of adaptation in the EACC study), the major difference between them is the sixfold increase in the cost of coastal zone management and defense under the...
... economy in the ordinary sense, or whether it is the concrete study of single societies and of groups of them. In the latter case Stammler has added another name or rather twonames; science ofthe matter ... existence, he admits the influence of race, of temperament and ofthe promptings of nature. And, finally, he does not overlook the influence of the individual, i.e. ofthe work of those who are called ... which are fruitful in the interpretation of life and of history. Such are the assertions of the dependence of all parts of life upon each other, and of their origin in the economic subsoil, so...
... relation for the sum isfixed, isin the regard to the profit of the y punishments should al-ount ofthe fine should bef the offender's fortune",do depend on &apos ;the profitity of a given ... relations: the costs of apprehensionand conviction and the elasticities of response of offenses to changes inp andf. The smaller these costs or the greater these elasticities, the smaller the cost of ... damages, it must also reduce the optimal number of offensesand increase the optimal values of p andf. On the other hand, an increasein the other component ofthe cost of apprehension and conviction,hasno...
... internalise the externalities ofthe production of meat and dairy products – i.e. including them in the price ofthe product. This would involve the introduction of a Pigouvian Tax equal to the cost ... system.16 The table on page 7 shows the farm level cost of producing one pound (0.45kg) of pigmeat in each ofthe four systems investigated by the study.7 The study found that the cost of changing ... was the most damaging in terms of both cost of illness and loss of QALYs. Salmonella in poultry was the fourth most damaging in terms ofthe combined impact of cost of illness and loss of QALYs....
... converting the accumulated stocks to bonds at multiple dates near the end of one’s career. The idea, of course, is to reduce the importance ofthe level ofthe stock market on a particular day. The ... a higher return if the asset was the S&P 500 than if it was a diversified portfolio of bonds, regardless of the date of purchase and the date of sale. The size ofthe equity premium is ... is professor of economics, Department of Economics, and di- rector ofthe Center for Economic Policy Research, Stanford University, and a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic...
... understanding of both the processes being mod-eled and the purpose ofthe model. For instance, if the purpose ofthe model of the population dynamics of bears is to understand the relationshipsbetween ... consumed over the program exactly equals the amount of cake at the beginning ofthe program. The slope ofthe a(t) line is da(t)/dt and equals Ϫ1/2(or the negative of x(t) ) and characterizes the dynamic ... stage, such that the value ofthe statevariable in the next period depends only on the value ofthe state variable in the current period and the decision in the current period.If the objective...
... literally the number of patient-days of therapy being consumed, but rather the number of patient-days of therapy which would be consumed if all of the sales were for treatment of active ... marketing behavior ofthe manufacturers, the sales and market shares they attained, and the data sources underlying these statistics. 7.3 Overview of the Data Most ofthe data used in this ... measured by the cumulative stock of marketing efforts since product launch, rather than simply by the flow of cur- 14. Specifically, the Fisher-Ideal price index is the geometric mean of the Laspeyres...
... emergencies.Fornon‐users the reasonthatwasmentionedmostoftenas the primarycause of non‐adoptionwaslack of adequate access to the network of agents.In the year since the surveywas fielded, the ... 2years.Figure4:AveragedailygrowthinM‐PESAregistrationsbymonthSince the launch of M‐PESAinMarch2007,wary of regulationby the CentralBank of Kenya,SafaricomhasbeenatpainstostressthatM‐PESAisnotabank.On the otherhand, the ubiquity ofthe cellphoneacross ... arandomizedpolicyexperimentinIndia,”Econometrica,72(5),1409‐43.Ivatury,GautamandMarkPickens(2006):“MobilePhoneBankingandLow‐IncomeCustomers:EvidencefromSouthAfrica,”ConsultativeGrouptoAssist the Poor,WashingtonDC.Lucas, Robert (1988): “On the mechanics of economic development,” Journal of Monetary Economics, 22,3‐42.Mas,Ignacio(2009): Theeconomicsof branchlessbanking,”Innovations,4(2),57‐76,MITPress.MasandMorawczynski(2009):“DesigningMobileMoneyServices:LessonsfromM‐PESA,”Innovations,4(2),77‐92,MITPress.Mas,...