the economic way of thinking 12th edition chapter 1
THE ECONOMIC WAY OF LOOKING AT LIFE* docx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 08:20
... D., (19 83) “An Analysis of the Principal-
Agent Problem,”
Econometrica 51: 7 - 45.
Hutt, William
H., (19 64) The Economics of the Colour Bar: A Study of the Economic
Origins and Consequences of ... Instability," ]ournal of Political Economy 85: 11 41 -87.
Becker, Gary S. and Murphy, Kevin M., (19 88) The Family and the State,” Journal of
Law and Economics 3 1: 1 - 18 .
Becker, Gary S., Murphy, ... illegally on the street. I calculated the likelihood
of getting a ticket, the size of the penalty, and the cost of putting the car in a
lot. I decided it paid to take the risk and park on the street....
- 21
- 833
- 0
The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 1 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
06/07/2014, 22:20
... kcal 21. 5% 13 .2% 13 .0% 19 .7%
Protein 37 g 38.4 26.3 76.3 18 .1
Calcium 1 g 4.0 5.0 35.5 18 .6
Phosphorus 1 g 43.8 54.6 69.5 31. 4
Magnesium 400 mg 10 4.2 57.8 13 .5 7.5
Iron 18 mg 41. 7 10 .6 19 7.2 ... mg 680.0 70.0 12 0.0 70.0
Zinc 15 mg – – 15 3.3 15 8.0
Thiamine 1. 5 mg 8.7 – 244.7 2 01. 3
Riboflavin 1. 7 mg 67.4 – 11 2.2 13 1.7
Niacin 20 mg 47.7 – 26.0 38.9
Fig. 1. 2 A mature larva of the palm weevil, ... between the
distribution of entomologists interested in biodiversity
issues (the temperate northern hemisphere) and the
centers of richness of the insects themselves (the tropics
and southern hemisphere).
Studies...
- 20
- 747
- 0
The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 2 pot
Ngày tải lên :
06/07/2014, 22:20
... (Fig. 14 .11 ) and the eggs are
ejected at the base of the sting. In all other cases, the
eggs pass down a canal in the shaft of the ovipositor
(section 5.8). The shaft is composed of three pairs of
valves ... “lower lip” (Fig. 2 .10 ).
The labrum forms the roof of the preoral cavity
and mouth (Fig. 3 .14 ) and covers the base of the
mandibles; it may be formed from fusion of parts of a
pair of ancestral appendages. ... Curculionidae, the
ventral surface of some tarsomeres is clothed with
adhesive setae that facilitate climbing. The left side of
the vignette for this chapter shows the underside of the
tarsus of the leaf...
- 28
- 682
- 0
The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 3 potx
Ngày tải lên :
06/07/2014, 22:20
... a vacuum cleaner). The cuticular linings of the
tracheae are shed with the rest of the exoskeleton when
the insect molts. Usually even the linings of the finest
branches of the tracheal system ... the tracheae
and is always the sole mode of gas exchange at the
tissues. The efficiency of diffusion is related to the dis-
tance of diffusion and perhaps to the diameter of the
tracheae (Box 3.2). ... lift. In turning, the wing on the
inside of the turn is reduced in power by decrease in the
amplitude of the beat.
Despite the elegance and intricacy of detail of insect
flight, the mechanisms responsible...
- 36
- 538
- 3
The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 4 ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
06/07/2014, 22:20
... together the array of all ommatidia provides
the insect with a panoramic image of the world. Thus,
the actual image formed by the compound eye is of a
series of apposed points of light of different ... (section 3 .1. 1). A group
of chordonotal sensilla is present and a smaller tensor
muscle controls the shape of the tymbal, thereby allow-
ing alteration of the acoustic property. The noise of
one ... the swarm site by species-
specific environmental markers rather than audible
cues (section 5 .1) ; they are insensitive to the wing tone
of males of their species. Neither can the male detect the
wing...
- 28
- 1K
- 1
The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 5 pot
Ngày tải lên :
06/07/2014, 22:20
... commodus and some other insects, there are scales
on the outer surface of the ovipositor tip, which are
orientated in the opposite direction to those on the
Fig. 5 .11 A female of the parasitic wasp ... small-horned
Sexual selection 11 7
TIC05 5/20/04 4:46 PM Page 11 7
13 8 Reproduction
5 .11 PHYSIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF
REPRODUCTION
The initiation and termination of some reproductive
events often depend on environmental ... also
control the synthesis of two groups of insect hormones
– the ecdysteroids and the juvenile hormones (JH).
More detailed discussions of the regulation and func-
tions of all of these hormones...
- 28
- 515
- 1
The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 6 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
06/07/2014, 22:20
... insects is the result of the large amount
of yolk in the egg. The blastoderm usually gives rise to
all the cells of the larval body, whereas the central yolky
part of the egg provides the nutrition ... according to the nutrition they have obtained
from feeding on the phloem from roots of a variety of
trees. Whatever their growth condition, after the elapse
of 13 or 17 years since the previous ... further discus-
sion of the actions of eclosion hormone). Apolysis at
the end of the fifth larval instar marks the beginning of
a prepupal period when the developing pupa is pharate
within the...
- 36
- 521
- 2
The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 7 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
06/07/2014, 22:20
... (see also Boxes 10 .6 & 11 .10 )
Coleoptera undoubtedly lie amongst early branches of
the Endopterygota. The major shared derived feature
of Coleoptera is the development of the fore wings as
sclerotized ... a
view deserves further study – evidently there remain
many questions in the unraveling of the evolution of the
Hexapoda and Insecta.
Phylogenetics 18 1
TIC07 5/20/04 4:45 PM Page 18 1
200 Insect systematics
Ronquist, ...
origin to the rest of the Hexapoda (see Box 7 .1) . If
Collembola do belong to the Hexapoda, then they form
either the sister group to Protura comprising the clade
Ellipura or alone form the sister...
- 24
- 540
- 0
The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 9 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
06/07/2014, 22:20
... complex circulation of air through
the passageways of the nest, as illustrated for the
above-ground nest of the African Macrotermes natalen-
sis in Fig. 12 .10 .
The origin of the mutualistic relationship ... farming by leaf-cutter ants
The subterranean ant nests of the genus Atta (15 spe-
cies) and the rather smaller colonies of Acromyrmex
(24 species) are amongst the major earthen construc-
tions in ... Calculations suggest
that the largest nests of Atta species involve excavation
of some 40 tonnes of soil. Both these genera are mem-
bers of a tribe of myrmecine ants, the Attini, in which
the larvae have...
- 22
- 1.1K
- 0
Sample chapter for the economic theory of annuities_1 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 09:20
... 0, (13 A .1)
where U
∗
h
= (1 + p
h
)u(c
∗
h
), h = 1, 2.
Totally differentiating (13 A .1) with respect to p
1
yields
(1 + p
1
)
c
∗
1
∂c
∗
1
∂p
1
=
1
(1 + p
1
) (1 + p
2
)
( W
11
u
(c
∗
1
)
2
−W
12
u
(c
∗
1
)u
(c
∗
2
))
c
∗
1
u
(c
∗
1
)
u(c
∗
1
)
− ... c
∗
1
u
(c
∗
1
)/u(c
∗
1
) < 1, inserting again (13 A .1) into (13 A.2), we
obtain
0 >
(1 + p
∗
1
)
c
∗
1
∂c
∗
1
∂p
1
> 1, (13 A.4)
as stated in the text.
August 18 , 2007 Time: 10 :43am chapter1 2.tex
10 0
ã
Chapter ... August 18 , 2007 Time: 11 :06am chapter1 3.tex
Utilitarian Pricing of Annuities
ã
11 1
Figure 13 .1. First-best allocation of utilities.
while
V
∗
h
= (1 + p
h
) u
R
H
h =1
(1 + p
h
)
.
Thus, the...
- 19
- 307
- 0