... method, attempting to reduce the value χ2 of a fit between a set of data pointsx[1 ndata],y[1 ndata]with individual standard deviationssig[1 ndata],and a nonlinear function dependent onmacoefficientsa[1 ... andalamdade-creases by a factor of 10. If a step failsalamdagrows by a factor of 10. You must call this684Chapter 15. Modeling of Data Sample page from NUMERICAL RECIPES IN C: THE ART OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING ... even when they must be offered without proof.Figure 15.6.1 shows the conceptual scheme of an experiment that “measures”a set of parameters. There is some underlying true set of parameters atruethat...
... www.bkacad.comOverviewUpon completion of this chapter, you will be able to:• Explain the role ofDataLinklayer protocols in data transmission. • Describe how the DataLinklayer prepares data for transmission ... www.bkacad.comConnecting Upper Layer Services to the Media11• To support a wide variety of network functions, the DataLinklayer is often divided into two sublayers: an upper sublayer and an lower sublayer. – ... DataLinkLayer Protocols- The Frame31• Remember that although there are many different DataLinklayer protocols that describe Data Linklayer frames, each frame...
... serves as both ACK 2 and ACK 3.11.211-1 FRAMING11-1 FRAMINGThe datalinklayer needs to pack bits into The datalinklayer needs to pack bits into framesframes, so , so that each frame ... postal system practices a type of framing. The simple postal system practices a type of framing. The simple act of inserting a letter into an envelope separates one act of inserting a letter into ... of protocols discussed in this chapter11.21Algorithm 11.3 Sender-site algorithm for Stop-and-Wait Protocol11.10Flow control refers to a set of procedures used to restrict the amount of data that...
... Overview ofData Modeling andDatabase Design8Overview ofData Modeling and Database Design 8Ć5OverviewWhen you create a database, you need to carefully consider ... design.Database DesignDatabase design is just one of the stages of the development cycle. Through gooddatabase design, you can achieve a reliable, high-performance system.Challenges to Managing Data There ... naming rules, and guidelines.12Overview ofData Modeling and Database Design 8Ć11 Data ModelModels are a cornerstone of design. Engineers build a model of a car before putting itinto production...
... fraction of the entire data center cost, decisions for the so-called physical layer are often taken lightly. But the fact remains that 70% of all network downtime is attributed to the physical layer, ... percentage of terminations as copper, fiber optic cabling and connectivity is a significant part of the data center. Fiber links are also the most critical links because they carry data to and ... outside world, huge streams ofdata are transferred to and from equipment areas at extremely high data rates. The infrastructure must consistently support the flow ofdata without errors that...
... module end of a permanent link, are supported by Fluke Networks and by Krone Australia as acceptable adaptors for testing of permanent links to Class D performance. But with the release of the ... Field Performance Testing V10 050111 Page 2 of 9 Performance Testing of Permanent Links and Channels Testing of telecommunications Permanent Links and Channels to determine performance ... ability to test Class E Permanent Links between the two units is the same, provided they have the latest software version loaded. The testing of Class E permanent links and channels necessitates...
... onefootinfront of theother.www.it-ebooks.infoChapter2.VariationsinDashboardUsesand Data Dashboardscanbeusedtomonitormanytypes ofdata andtosupportalmostanyset of objectivesbusinessdeemsimportant.Therearemanywaystocategorizedashbo ... Percentage of thisyear'sbudgetsofarApriorprediction of themeasure Forecast of whereweexpectedtobetodayRelationshiptoafutureprediction of themeasure Percentage of thisquarter'sforecastSomemeasure of thenormforthismeasure ... wereonceagainabletogrow.Whatreallycausedheadstoturninrecognition of dashboardsasmuchmorethanyoureverydayfledglingtechnology,however,wastheEnronscandalin2001.Theaftermathputnewpressureoncorporationstodemonstratetheirabilitytocloselymonitorwhatwasgoingonintheirmidstandtotherebyassureshareholdersthattheywereincontrol.Thisincreasedaccountability,combinedwiththeconcurrenteconomicdownturn,sentChiefInformationOfficers(CIOs)onamissiontofindanythingthatcouldhelpmanagersatalllevelsmoreeasilyandefficientlykeepaneyeonperformance.MostBIvendorsthathadn'talreadystartedofferingadashboardproductsoonbegantodoso,sometimesbycleverlychangingthename of anexistingproduct,sometimesbyquicklypurchasingtherightstoanexistingproductfromasmallervendor,andsometimesbycobblingtogetherpieces of productsthatalreadyexisted.Themarketplacesoonofferedavastarray of dashboardsoftwarefromwhichtochoose.1.3.DispellingtheConfusionLikemanyproductsthathitthehigh‐techscenewithasplash,dashboardsareveiledinmarketinghype.VirtuallyeveryvendorintheBIspaceclaimstoselldashboardsoftware,butfewclarifywhatdashboardsactuallyare.I'mreminded of theearlyyears ofdata warehousing,wheneagertolearnaboutthisnewapproachto data managementIaskedmyIBMaccountmanagerhowIBMdefinedtheterm.Hisresponsewasclassicandrefreshinglycandid:"By data warehousingweatIBMmeanwhateverthecustomerthinksitmeans."Irealizethatthiswasn'tIBM'sofficialdefinition,whichI'msureexistedsomewhereintheirliterature,butitwasmyblue‐suitedfriend'sway of sayingthatasasalesperson,itwasusefultoleavethetermvagueandflexible.Aslongasaproductorserviceremainsundefinedorlooselydefined,itiseasytoclaimthatyourcompanysellsit.Thoseraresoftwarevendorsthathavetakenthetimetodefinethetermintheirmarketingliteraturestartwiththespecificfeatures of theirproductsasthecore of thedefinition,ratherthanagenericdescription.Asaresult,vendordefinitionstendtobeself‐validatinglists of technologiesandfeatures.Forexample,Dr.GregoryL.Hovis,Director of ProductDeploymentforSnippetsSoftware,Inc.,asserts:www.it-ebooks.infoCategorizingdashboardsCommonthreadsindashboard data Non‐quantitativedashboard data Dashboardsareusedtosupportabroadspectrum of informationneeds,spanningtheentirerange of businesseffortsthatmightben...
... effectiveness of retrieval tasks across a set of 11 different data visualization techniques. The data visualizations represent an identical hierarchical dataset, which has been normalized in terms of ... purpose of this research was to increase the awareness of the positive role and purpose of aesthetic in the design ofdata visualization techniques. This paper focused on the effect in which data ... the assessment ofdata visualization. Drawing analogy from the linear task of an online shopping cart with an information retrieval function within data visualization, the core of the efficiency...
... 19.0 Statements (data addition) 5.0 Considering the wide range of R k'r- syntax [7], the pau- city of complex sentences is surprising. The use of definitions which often involved complex ... argued as force- fully on the basis of my study of users* evaluation of machine translation [2] a study which was prompted by the evaluations of the quality of machine translation as viewed ... acceptance of the limitations of our NL interfaces. Also, we are far more aware of the fact chac evaluations of '~orth" or "quality" have Co be conducted in the con- texts of...
... even a majority of instances of a particular cancer. Rather, weexpect that a number of exposures andcharacteristics of children each contributeto a proportion of instances of a particularcancer.No ... medicallyoriented non-profit organizations, local city or stateHealth Departments or Universities for collection of these data. Contracts for collecting this data arewith the entire states of Connecticut, ... slope of the line in the aboveequation is equal to zero. The latter hypothesis istested using the t distribution of m/SEm with thenumber of degrees of freedom equal to the number of calendar...
... qualityThe number of completed items, the percent of missing data in every item and the frequency distribution of indi-vidual items were determined.Ordering of levels of healthThe ordering of item means ... Chaithiraphan S:Reliability of Thai version of SF-36 questionnaire for the eval-uation of quality of life in cardiac patients. Journal of the MedicalAssociation of Thailand 2000, 83:S130-136.2. ... were females. Data qualityThe percent of missing item-level data was low – 32 of the36 items showed less than 1% missing (Table 1). All of theresponse choices were used. The percent of respondentswith...
... composed of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag2S.Optical and photoelectrochemistry properties of Ag2SQD-sensitized TNT electrodes in the presence of ZnOlayersFigure 4 shows optical absorption of annealed ... electrode without the ZnO layers, the conversion efficiency of the electrodewith the ZnO layers increases significantly due to the formation of efficient recombination layer between the TiO2nanotube ... 6:462http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/462Page 7 of 9report on the synthesis of Ag2S QD- sensitized TNTphot oelectrode co mbining the excellent charge transportproperty of the TNTs and absorption property of Ag2S.Besides,...