... the marks of nonhuman (alien, artificially intelli-
gent, or supernatural) design (Ratzsch 2001, 118–20). This is the premise of
the Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI), of research ... supposing that the complete history of
a football team starts with the moment that the coach gathers together
the players, thereby ignoring the important work the players had already
done. Before Johnson ... practice. For Rea, the problem is that naturalism can-
not explain the modal qualities of particular physical objects. For Koons, the
problem is that naturalism cannot account for the reliability...
... heterologous host. The encoded proteins were purified and their kinetic
properties characterized. GLD1 catalyses the conversion of d-glyceralde-
hyde and l- glyceraldehyde to glycerol, whereas GLD2 ... activity
with C5 or C6 sugars. We tested d-glyceraldehyde and
l- glyceraldehyde individually and observed similar
activities; the activity with l- glyceraldehyde was only
slightly lower. For d-glyceraldehyde ... enzymes were purified and
characterized. We show that one enzyme catalyses the
reduction of d-glyceraldehyde and l- glyceraldehyde to
glycerol, whereas the other reduces DHA. This is the
first report on...
... few other short stretches, the structures were all
very similar over the entire polypeptide chain. However, the presence of the
ligands significantly reduced the length ofthe disordered regions: ... site residues (including Arg223 and Ser227),
either directly or indirectly. Similarly, the 33 ordered
residues in the T structure (that are disordered in the
N form) are not related to the Tris-binding ... unified set of procedure for evaluating
the quality of macromolecular structure-factor data and
their agreement with atomic model. Acta Crystallogr D
Biol Crystallogr 55, 191–205.
42 Krissinel E &...
... found in the cyto-
plasm a nd extracellular matrix where they may have
regulatory functions, unlike in somatic cells of multicellular
organisms where these enzymes are primarily lysosomal
and thought ... represent the pI values ofthe major bands in e and f, while the
numbers at the left are the pI values of standard proteins. The arrow at
the right represents the pI value of 6.84 calculated for ... Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada;
2
Department of Molecular Cell Biology,
Sylvius Laboratory, Leiden, the Netherlands
We reported previously that the major cysteine...
... b-strand (A) parallel to the
first b-strand, B, ofthe jelly roll core. The linkage of
the fourth (E) and fifth (F) b-strand ofthe jelly roll
fold is built up by an extended insert (Val199–Leu296)
consisting ... auto-
mated program for molecular replacement. J Appl
Crystallogr 30, 1022–1025.
38 Emsley P & Cowtan K (2004) Coot: model-building
tools for molecular graphics. Acta Crystallogr D Biol
Crystallogr ... form a hydrogen bond and salt
bridge with the a-amino group, although the carboxyl
group of Glu170 also coordinates the catalytic iron.
Furthermore, the carboxyl group of l- arginine forms a
salt...
... sugar-binding site because ofthe num-
ber of intermolecular hydrogen bonds and of residues
interacting with lactose. Our results agreed well with
those from the crystal structure ofthe complex
between ... 6108–6117.
53 Koradi R, Billeter M & Wu
¨
thrich K (1996) MOLMOL:
a program for display and analysis of macromolecule
structures. J Mol Graphics 14, 51–55.
Supporting information
The following supplementary ... aggregates of glycopro-
tein and glycolipid receptors. Thus, the carbohydrate
cross-linking properties of lectins are a key feature of
their biological activities [30,43,44]. R- type lectins are
reported...
... this report include those
funding as sequestrable discretionary resources. That is because the STA requires for purposes of this report that OMB assume
all discretionary appropriations are repeated ... 251A(5), the total reduction of $54.667 billion is allocated pro-
portionately between discretionary appropriations and direct spending. The total
base is the sum ofthe FY 2013 revised discretionary ... and classifications in the report are preliminary. If the sequestration were
to occur, the actual results would differ based on changes in law and ongoing legal, budgetary,
and technical analysis....
... harvested before the sugars
were utilized, and the crude cell extract was analyzed
for l- rhamnose dehydrogenase activity. Cells grown on
l- rhamnose as a sole carbon source had an l- rhamnose
dehydrogenase ... Marechal LR & Veiga LA
(1979) Induction and catabolite repression of L- rham-
nose dehydrogenase in Pullularia pullulans. J Bacteriol
138, 55–59.
12 Jeffries TW, Grigoriev IV, Grimwood J, Laplaza ... fractions of plant biomass, such as
hemicellulose and pectin. Several microorganisms liv-
ing on decaying plant material are able to use l- rham-
nose as a source of carbon and energy. There are...
... of extracellular CP
may be favored by the increased expression of vacuolar-type
H
+
-ATPase components, which reduces the pH of the
pericellular environment of macrophages [20]. This raises
the ... France).
N
a
-benzoyl-
L
-arginine-4-nitroanilide (
L
-BAPA) was from
Merck KgaA (Darmstadt, Germany). E-64 and phenyl-
methanesulfonylfluoride were from Sigma-Aldrich (St
Quentin le Fallavier, France). Molecular ... National Institute
of Health grant, AR46182. C. D. holds a doctoral fellowship from
MENRT (Ministe
`
re de l Education Nationale, de la Recherche et de la
Technologie, France).
References
1. Mu
¨
ller-Esterl,...