... catchments inthe Murray-Darling basin The derivation of the forecasts is based on categorization and consequent nonparametric modeling of streamflow distributions and their antecedent conditions (e.g., ... regimes—irrigated cotton with winter wheat rotation, dryland sorghum and winter wheat rotation, and dryland cotton and winter wheat rotation Production costs are incurred on crop planting, so areas planted ... Chiew and McMahon (2003) and demonstrate the statistical significance of the lag correlation of the linear relationship between 3-month streamflow (in Oct–Nov–Dec andin Jan–Feb–Mar) andthe SOI...
... Atlantic andthe Indian Monsoon andthe Indian Monsoon 13 11 Fig Composite anomalies of OLR and wind field and rainfall over India for the first (a,b) and second (c,d) monsoon regimes over the 1958-2001 ... The monsoon season is defined by the months June-September (JJAS) In addition, to characterise the large scale seasonal mean in uence on monsoon convection we have used the dynamical monsoon index ... latitude index andthe NAO/EA teleconnection patterns in one case and to a simple index of the Asian summer monsoon convection derived from the ERA-40 reanalysis inthe other Section describes the...
... Atlantic andthe Indian Monsoon andthe Indian Monsoon 13 11 Fig Composite anomalies of OLR and wind field and rainfall over India for the first (a,b) and second (c,d) monsoon regimes over the 1958-2001 ... The monsoon season is defined by the months June-September (JJAS) In addition, to characterise the large scale seasonal mean in uence on monsoon convection we have used the dynamical monsoon index ... latitude index andthe NAO/EA teleconnection patterns in one case and to a simple index of the Asian summer monsoon convection derived from the ERA-40 reanalysis inthe other Section describes the...
... improvements in energy use efficiency in buildings across the city Improving Energy Efficiency & Reducing Demand Most of the energy we demandin cities is used within and by buildings and while many innovative ... focus on encouraging the inclusion of local or on- site generation in new developments A good example of this is an approach pioneered by the London Borough of Merton inthe UK The Merton Rule18 ... leakage inthe drinking water distribution network5 and less than 5% of thewater consumed inthe MAMC is reused.6 Case study Resolving water crisis and conflict between Mexico City and its...
... consisted of acid sulphate soil The leaching of DOC from the tree canopies clearly started earlier inthe spring and ceased later inthe autumn in S Finland than in N Finland, andthe DOC concentrations ... concentrations in TF were also normally higher during the growing season onthe plots inthe south This is presumably due to the fact that the winter period is longer in N Finland and a larger proportion ... investigated using hand- and semi-thin cuttings AOT40 indices were calculated onthe basis of hourly means of ozone concentration provided by a municipality air monitoring station inthe vicinity...
... Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, andthe scientific and engineering communities The Council is administered jointly by both Academies andthe Institute of Medicine ... of weather forecasts is extended andthe seasonal climate projections improve, a blurring of the distinction in these terms is occurring COMMUNICATING UNCERTAINTIES IN WEATHER AND CLIMATE INFORMATION ... inthe scientific information that was disseminated, in institutional arrangements, andin communication The first problem was that the scientific information did not contain uncertainty information...
... estimate of the outstanding global bond market size linked to key climate change themes, and examines future drivers and trends inthe short term In spite of the financial crisis, institutional investor ... loans on their balance sheets, prompting increasing costs, reductions inthe term of loans and introducing greater refinancing Bonds and Climate Change www.climatebonds.net June 2012 this is the ... match their liabilities Finally, institutional investors are extending the integration of sustainability factors beyond listed equities into other asset classes, creating appetite for bonds linked...
... adding up GHG emissions involved in clearing land to graze livestock and grow feed, keeping livestock alive, and processing and transporting the end products We show that 25,048 million tons ... reversing climate change In fact, this approach would have far more rapid effects on GHG emissions and their atmospheric concentrations and thus onthe rate the climate is warming—than actions ... even be considered a carbon sink The standing stock livestock biomass increased significantly over the last decades… This continuing growth…could be considered as a carbon sequestration process...
... conclusion of the Gothenburg Protocol revision all occurring in 2011 In light of this opportunity, the conference agreed onthe following general conclusions: Address under the revision of the ... legislation inhibiting open burning of agricultural residues and biomass; legislation introducing black carbon emission limit values at EU level; inclusion of black carbon inthe revision of the Gothenburg ... inconsistencies in definitions and measurements of BC, inthe emission world andthe immission world must be resolved • In certain areas of the world (e.g China) emissions, andthe BC to (OC+SO4+nitrate)...
... and upward along the valley of the great Red and Assinniboin Rivers to the north, marking one of the most prolific grain growing belts onthe continent, if not inthe world While this limestone ... of deaths from consumption inthe following States to be One in 254 in Massachusetts, One in 473 in New York, One in 757 in Virginia, One in 1139 in Minnesota This speaks for the climate more ... Rain-fall for spring. The constitutional character of the climate. The lakes and rivers of the State. The northeast winds. Where the northeasters begin. Their general direction and limit. The...
... India: India (Asia’s third largest economy) continued to lead the global expansion in 2011 and along with China, will lead the world economy once again in 2012 The Indian economy was the second ... slowdown in exports andthe impact of flooding in Thailand onsupply chains The economic recovery began to stall inthe fourth quarter due to the drop indemand from Europe and a rising Yen The outlook ... 8.0 6.0 Once again, China and India were the most stellar performers inthe global economic arena, while the rest of the emerging and developing economies (especially Indonesia) were among the top...
... pursue, including engaging and educating their employees, integrating their adaptation strategy into core business processes, building capacity and resources, and working with their supply chain partners ... particularly in winter; more erratic rainfall and increasingly unpredictable starts to the rainy seasons; an increase in unusual and “unseasonable” weather events; heavier rains and longer dry spells; and ... geographic level, into site-specific business decision-making inthe short term.97 Risk and uncertainty Lack of information andthe inherent uncertainty surrounding the nature, timing and variability...
... on monitoring ozone impacts Recent years have also seen an increasing emphasis on monitoring the condition of designated conservation sites, with the introduction of Common Standards Monitoring ... data and information Including them inthe proposed network would give substantial added value both to the monitoring and to the long-term experiments that are being undertaken; Limiting the sites ... vegetation response Two options proposed: 1) Carry out diffusion tube survey for baseline survey of mean concentrations and accept lack of information on peak concentrations Further work on relating...
... warming is expected to affect the start, duration, and intensity of the pollen season onthe one hand, andthe rate of asthma exacerbations due to respiratory infections and/ or cold air inhalation ... photochemical smog found in outdoor air in urban and industrial regions and, in conjunction with sunlight and hydrocarbons, results inthe production of ozone Like ozone, nitrogen dioxide is ... inhalation induces epithelial damage and consequent in ammatory responses inthe upper and lower airways, as witnessed by an increase in levels of neutrophils, eosinophils, mononuclear cells, fibronectin,...
... (baseline option) Thermal treatments Thermal treatments incineration incineration advanced thermal conversion advanced thermal conversion co-incineration co-incineration Landfill Pre-treatment Landfill ... assumptions concerning the control of methane emissions in landfill gas (including the use of gas for electricity generation) are tested inthe analysis Incineration Options assessed include ... depends crucially onthe effectiveness of landfill gas control and, inthe case of MBT with incineration, the energy source that is displaced by recovering energy from incineration Inthe analysis...
... migration, immigration growth in population leads to increase the labor in rice production activity, increase rice output for consumption, and increasing the paddy land for housing Paddy land is ... reclaiming land, making the most of unused land, plus investment inthe exploitation of irrigation, application of technical measures aimed at increasing the coefficient of land use, thus, paddy land ... tends to increase in all three crops However, the effects of industrialization, the process of economic restructuring inthe sector has continued, these will make the region's rice area decline markedly...
... andin combination with a number of environmental and human factors Continuous monitoring of the forests is critical to providing insight into these interactions Maintaining forest health and ... highlands and from the southern limits of natural pine stands in Nicaragua to the northern limits of the region in Guatemala Based onthe analyses done during the TCP, the following recommendations ... international attention andthe funding potentially available for the resulting strategies, the focus on carbon rather than on wood and NWFPs, andthe recognition that the solution lies in an inter-sectoral...
... neutralize the effect of in- creased traffic, andthe growth in emissions is likely to continue inthe coming decades In 2006, the EC proposed to include aviation inthe EU Emissions Trading Scheme The ... many interesting sights and hill tribe villages onthe fringes of the Park in Kon Tum province The Seminary, the Ethnic Hilltribe Museum, the Wooden Church and Kontum Prison onthe bank of Dakbla ... Biodiversity Data and Information Harmonization was held in Vientiane, Lao PDR to determine and agree on mechanisms on biodiversity data and information harmonization, sharing and use in support to...