... Char Count= 010 Finite Difference Methodsin Financial Engineering1.4 INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS In the previous section we examined a differential equation on a bounded interval. In this casewe ... Char Count= 08 Finite Difference Methodsin Financial Engineering1.2 TWO-POINT BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMLet us examine a general second-order ordinary differential equation given in the formu= ... Char Count= 016 Finite Difference Methodsin Financial EngineeringΓηΩFigure 2.3 Two-dimensional bounded regionrHarmonic functions (Du Plessis, 1970; Rudin, 1970)rMapping functions between...
... corresponding to dx/dt = ± c. Information emanating from a pointwill in general travel along the two characteristics. These will divide space-time into two regions relative to that point, a timelike ... obtain−z sin φ + x cos φ = ±ddφuj(φ)t. (1.94)Now, invert Eqs. (1.93) and (1.94) for (x, z) to obtainx = R0sin φ +sin φuj+ cos φddφuj(φ)t,z = R0cos φ +cos φuj− sin ... Upwind Differencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2429.3.1 Beam–Warming Upwind Method . . . . . . . . . . . . 2449.3.2 Upwind Methods for Systems of Equations . . . . . . 2459.4 Limiter Methods...
... provide the only definitive information as to the degree of risk in man. Since malignant diseases are clearly of multifactorial origin, their investigation in man has become increasingly complex, ... Page 47, line 8, should read ". . . in each age group in 1970,. . ." Page 60, line 21, should read ". . . lines are larger than would be expected ." Page 61, line 3, ... Page 141, line 4, delete the sentence beginning "Its only major drawback ." Page 167, last line, shou.ld read ". . . = 0.98 corresponding to. . ." Page 174, line 9,...
... country to introduce PCN into operation, through two networkoperators: Mercury’s One2One, which was introduced into service in September 1993; andHutchinson’s Orange, which was introduced into service ... slot contains 324 bits including 260 bits of user information. In the mobile toBS direction, these information bits are divided into three packets of 16, 122 and 122 bits,respectively. In the ... enhancing the TDMA-136 radio interface to include GSM/EDGE compatibility and a high data rate indoor solution. In the ITU terminology, thisradio interface is known as IMT-DS. The UWC-136 radio interface...
... of HIV infections in Springfontein) is that in Springfontein you have, it’s on the N1, the Springfontein, you have trucks coming in and out the area. (DSD representative, Koffiefontein). The ... Springfontein ja, I think it’s Springfontein number one. And the reason for that is that in Springfontein you have, it’s on the N1, the Springfontein, you have trucks coming in and out the area. ... alcohol for a woman.As pointed out earlier, Springfontein and Jaggersfontein were singled out as having more cases of HIV infection compared to other towns. Springfontein was singled out particularly...
... regulate genesinvolved in reducing the intracellular level of Cd(II).We demonstrate here by DNase I footprinting andEMSA that CmtR interacts cooperatively with multiple binding sites that ... ethidium bromide staining.The DNase I footprinting assay was performed asdescribed previously [26]. The binding and running buffersused were the same as in EMSA. DNA–protein interac-tion was ... radiolabeling and imaging techniques used in thepresent study. Hence they may not have visualized the multiple DNA–protein complexes observed in the pres-ent study. In addition, DNase I footprinting...
... conversations in a wide range of areasincluding clinical use, online video sharing ser-vices, and meeting capture and analysis. While itis straightforward to replay such recordings, find-ing information ... Working Papers in Linguistics, volume 44,pages 1–49.S. Banerjee and A. Rudnicky. 2006. Segmenting meet-ings into agenda items by extracting implicit supervi-sion from human note-taking. In ... approaches. The ASR transcripts used in this experiment are obtained using standard technol-ogy including HMM based acoustic modeling andN-gram based language models (Hain et al., 2005).The average...
... known CSI at low communication SNR levels. Itis interesting to see that using more training symbols does not improve the performance of the MLE asexpected, because inserting training symbols will ... discussed, inserting training symbols is a heuristic way to improve the performance. It is shown in the25Decentralized estimation over orthogonal multiple- access fading channels in wireless ... Furthermore, since the estimation quality of the first stage is available, we use BLUE to obtainˆθ for exploiting the quality information instead of using the MLE in the M-step as in the standard...
... Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechweb.org Advances inSatellite Communications, ... capabilities. In addition, a satellite link engineer has to consider the constrains of the communication channel; so many radio frequency calculations are needed, these include link budget analysis, ... 1 Antennas inSatellite Communications Advances inSatellite Communications Edited by Masoumeh Karimi and Yuri Labrador Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000...
... & King, 1979). As the wave velocities in a finite helix are hard to calculate, those calculated for the infinite Advances inSatellite Communications 10The existence of multiple ... et al., 2006). In this chapter, we introduce a design of the helical antenna obtained by combining two methods to improve the radiation properties of this antenna; one is changing the pitch angle, ... lengths were varied in order to obtain a wider bandwidth with higher antenna gain. In (Skiljo et al., 2010) the axial mode bandwidth was examined by means of parameters defining the limits of...
... for Satellite Communications in Ka-band 19Fig. 14. Average intensity for the uplink in the beam radius at the transmitting antennaw0= 1.2 m normalized by the intensity on a beam axis in free ... (24)34Advances inSatellite Communications12 Will-be-set-by -IN- TECH3. Results3.1 Modulus of complex degree of coherence3.1.1 UplinkSubstituting (24) and (27) into (30), the DOC at the GEO satellitein ... predict that the increase in BER is caused by the decrease in the average received intensitydue to spot dancing shown in Fig. 1.3.2.2 DownlinkFor the downlink, the decrease in the spatial coherence...
... original form. The original block of packets will be divided into individual packets according to the original size of each combined packet. After that, these individual packets are stored in ... Advances inSatellite Communications 76 Fig. 17. The packet drop rate distribution in Scenario 2. The proposed scheme succeeds in reducing the packet drop rate by 1 – 90 percent in Scenario ... scheme insatellite network topology is shown in Figure 10 below. As stated earlier, the main objective of this research study is to overcome the limitation and constraints of satellite communication...
... Satellite/ Terrestr ial Networks 21LANLANInternet terrestreSsSUp-linkDown-linkDown-linkDown-linkDown-linkReceiving pathReceiving pathReceiving pathReceiving pathReaching pathReturn pathSr1SrMSrRSrM-1R1RMRM-1RRFig. ... makes it interesting in the context we are examining(Tommasi et al., 2009). One more reason of interest for the protocol is its capability to transmitinformation to users who can receive information ... transmission of a message M, replicating it in N packets.Piis the i-th reply in the N packets sequence. The delivery of a message is organized in twophases. During the Winding phase, the sender is restricted...
... capable in offering) real-time or nearly–real time response times for rapid information updating and Rapid Mapping activities and Surveillance including the “very urgent” imaging data downlink ... electrons incident angle, the surface material (typically aluminum), and the coating process applied to the metallic surfaces (e.g. silver-plating, alodine coating). In order to gain a physical insight ... advancements in aviation, sensor and imaging technologies, telemetry, data fusion and processing, and geo-information/value added products use. The authors are currently involved in assisting the integration...