... coun-tryeach year duringthe late nineteenth century. The main export was ivory,whose continuously rising price drove the traders ever deeper inland. Slaveexports rose to rival it duringthe mid -century, ... himself’.11 The western savanna also experienced two jihads duringthe nineteenth century, but they created less stability. The first, in 1818, was inthe internaldelta of the Niger, hitherto controlled ... 16:0Regional diversity inthe nineteenth century 179southern africa During the early nineteenth centurythe African peoples of southern Africaused two strategies in attempting to overcome segmentation...
... Carlyle, as a result of the contagion passed from one to another through the air they both breatheor the water they both drink, then in Engels, as in Gaskell, it is the interpenetration of English ... from the millowners themselves, who at one point had the Representing the immigrant Irish in urban England around mid -century [the working-man] can protest with most violent passion against the ... English bodies, linking the imperialand industrial feats of the nineteenth century to an aboriginal ethnicprinciple.Inspired by Alton’s viewing of a boat race at Cambridge – in which‘‘some...
... at the time. The vegetation of the Eurasian Plain during OIS 3, in the west at least, seems to have oscillated between conifer woodland, with shrubtundra inthe north, during warm parts of the ... the Russian Plain duringthe Briansk Interstadial with the southern limit of the range of a number of Arctic plants being 1200 km furthersouth than today (and a further 600 km during OIS 2). Steppe ... forest intrusions during warm and wet climate; <S, steppe intrusions during cold and arid climate; T V, tundra intrusions during cold and arid climate. The significance of these changes was in the...
... (2).Growth inthe size and influence of civil society in Brazil since the 1980s has facilitated the positivechange. Increasingly democratic processes havelengthened the policy decision-making process, ... assessment of existing capacity for thesefunctions and to help in strengthening such capacitywhen necessary (7).Continue building on the important role ofNGOs. Changes in financing and decentralization ... verybroadly in terms of policy, financing, administration,and programming at the country level. The process isintended to be part of a larger shift towardsdemocratization. In Paraguay, as in Argentina,...
... observa-tions of intersex in fish have been increasing in regularity in the Shenandoah River and Potomac River basins in Virginia (Blazer and others, 2007). The fish kills and observations of intersex ... rate-limiting barriers allow-ing the use of the same models to determine ambient water concentrations. Previous data indicate that many chemicals of interest remain inthe linear phase of sampling ... greater inthe second deployment and likely were related to increased pesticide application duringthe spring crop planting inthe largely agri-cultural reaches of the watershed. Desethylatrazine,...
... hertenacity in holding the castle in 1217. Indeed, Nichola’s defence ofpower and portrayal 23 Lincoln in 1217 was a significant factor in turning the tide of events in favour of King John. According ... appliesto other twelfth -century saints.44 Women’s testimony and role as sourcesof information on the saint are therefore one way in which they could in uence the shape and content of the text. ... research into the history of women and gender since the 1970s has changed the face of history. Using the insights of feminist theoryand of historians of women, gender historians have explored the...
... increased R&D spending and R&D intensity (of about 3%) in both the full sample of firms and inthe sub-sample of innovative firms, and they rejected the hypothesis of subsidies crowding ... commercial information, hiring and training of specialized staff, and increased investments in export promo-tion activities. In quantitative terms, participation in PROCHILE increased by one the ... ndings suggest that SME programs are having tangible impacts on the short and medium term intermediate outcomes that they are targeting.Do these gains in intermediate outcomes translate into...
... be justified depend-ing on the willingness of policy makers to intervene into family life. In addition, there is an argument to be made to intervene on the well-being of the individual. Although ... through the interjection of a reverse economic model originally intended to give the middle tier the monopoly of economic control. As authors in the original text point out, in an ever-expanding ... and in ames sin-ners, then I am against it,” the congressman said. “But if you mean the elixir of Christmas cheer, the shield against winter chill, the taxable potion that puts needed funds into...
... is on the bell-boy, by having the guest refrainfrom tipping. Then the spectators laugh at the bell-boy's disappointment again finding humor in misfortune.TIPS INTHE MOVIESWith the development ... servitors in order to stimulate tipping has brought out the opposite quality of domineering pride inthe patron. THE SORE SPOTNo feeling so rankles inthe mind as the sense of uncompensated labor. The ... tribute.XVII THE WAY OUTSummarizing the case against tipping, the following facts stand out prominently:1. Flunkyism is rampant inthe American democracy and this aristocratic influence is undermining...
... Cooperation in Business: Managing Dilemmas inthe 21st Century, we take the first steps in exploring thisemerging field of knowledge and practice, lookingfor ways to think about two key business ... result of the largely unconscious evolution ofinstitutions of collective action. Ostrom has taken the lead in making the management principles forthese institutions explicit, combining theory ... exam-ple, in Ostrom’s study of water-use arrangements in the Los Angeles basin, an outside institution (the U.S. Geological Survey [USGS]) was charged withmonitoring, among other things, the salinity...