... translator.
The C source code presented in this document is hereby granted to the public domain, and is
completely free of any license restriction.
Educators are freely encouraged to recommend ... Attribution- Noncommercial- No Derivative Works 3.0 License. To view
a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ or
send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, ... data back; people
call it passing by reference. But no fancy-schmancy name will distract you from the fact that
EVERYTHING you pass to a function WITHOUT EXCEPTION is copied onto the stack and...
... std::cout
– “Connected” to screen
– <<
• Stream insertion operator
• Value to right (right operand) inserted into output stream
• Escape characters
– \
– Indicates “special” character ... program
executes.
Compiler
Compiler creates
object code and stores
it on disk.
Linker links the object
code with the libraries,
creates a.out and
stores it on disk
Editor
Preprocessor
Linker
CPU
Primary
Memory
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Disk
Disk
Disk
Disk
Disk
2003 ... main
Welcome
to
C+ +!
Using newline characters to
print on multiple lines.
2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
2
History of C and C+ +
• History of C
– Evolved from two other programming...
... 18
Contents
www.it-ebooks.info
ptg6843614
Advantages 11
Refactoring and Enhancing
It’s hard to know exactly how far to go in design and how much com-
plexity to add to a system in your initial cut at creating it. Because complex-
ity is ... client code couples to those particular objects
when it should not. If we can hide the objects’ concrete types, we’ll
make the calling code simpler and the system more maintainable.
Perspectives
A ...
www.it-ebooks.info
ptg6843614
4 Chapter 1 • Programming by Intention
• Each token must be normalized (first character uppercase, all oth-
ers lowercase, spaces and nonalphanumeric characters removed).
• Transactions...
... information
about Creative Commons licenses, go to http://creativecommons.org
or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San
Francisco, California, 94105, USA.
To cite this book, ... corresponding device into the controller being built.
If, on the other hand, the goal is to synthesise analogue electrical circuits,
the function set might include components such as transistors, ... solutions to the problem. This is
analogous to the process by which an egg grows into a chicken. For example,
if the goal is the automatic creation of an electronic controller for a plant,
the function...
... evo-
lution of structured and grammatically-constrained programs. In particular,
we consider: modular and hierarchical structures including automatically de-
fined functions and architecture-altering ... that GP can easily construct
these two important constants.
To
Caterina, Ludovico, Rachele and Leonardo
R.P.
Susan and Thomas
N.F.M.
Contents
Contents xi
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Genetic Programming ... business committee member
(2005), and competition chair (2006) of ACM’s Genetic and Evolutionary
Computation Conference, co-chair of the Foundations of Genetic Algorithms
Workshop (2002) and technical...
... reference guides, technical Q&A documents, and sample code. For
example, you could click on Audio Toolbox Framework Reference and then use the
Bookmarks toolbar button to find your way back here ... an
object-oriented background such as Cocoa. Setting aside the comforting warmth of
Objective -C to take the reins of C can certainly be scary, but with a little understanding,
you’ll come to see ... the com-
plexity necessary to convert them into canonical data.We work through an exam-
ple that directly uses Audio Converter Services to convert a compressed file to an
uncompressed version...
... reduced susceptibility to errors: an object controls access to its own data. More
specifically, an object can reject erroneous access attempts
■ easy re-use: objects maintain themselves and can ... operators allows
them to apply existing operators to objects of class type.
Chapter 20 discusses how implicit type conversion occurs in C+ + when an expression
cannot be compiled directly but can ... Interchange) is used. This 7-bit code contains definitions for 32 control characters
(codes 0 – 31) and 96 printable characters (codes 32 – 127).
The char (character) type is used to store character...
... 320
Matching 322
Replacing 323
Access Control 323
Menu Item Access Control 325
Extension Access Control 325
Attacks 327
How to Avoid Common Attacks 328
Using the Session Token 328
Code Injection ... accessors and modiers and a common error
handling mechanism.
To encourage PHP 5 methodology, JObject emulates the PHP 5 constructor allowing
us to use the constructor method,
__constructor()
, ... installation:
Name Description
DS
Directory Separator (/)
JPATH_ADMINISTRATOR
Administrator path (/joomla/administrator)
JPATH_BASE
Path to the entry directory (/joomla)
JPATH_CACHE
Cache path (/joomla/cache)
JPATH_COMPONENT
Component...
... other encoding schemes, such as EBCDIC (used by IBM) and Unicode, which
is a more recent development. EBCDIC consists of 256 characters; Unicode consists of
65,536 characters. To store a character ... STL 1263
Container Types 1264
Sequence Containers 1264
Sequence Container: Vectors 1264
Member Functions Common to All Containers 1273
Member Functions Common to Sequence Containers 1275
copy
Algorithm ... of Computers and Programming Languages
Classes and Constructors: A Precaution 670
Arrays of Class Objects (Variables) and Constructors 671
Destructors 673
Data Abstraction, Classes, and Abstract...
... Practical Guideto Scientific Management
24
BWF
HHMI
RESOURCES
Austin, Jim. “You’ve Worked Hard to Get This Far.” ScienceCareers.org
(November 22, 2002),
http://sciencecareers.sciencemag.org/career_development/
previous_issues/articles/2030/you_ve_worked_hard _to_ get_this_far/(parent)/158
.
Babco, ... Practical Guideto Scientific Management
32
BWF
HHMI
Regulatory Compliance Office
Regulatory compliance may be handled by the university-wide office of research or a
similar office in your college ... A Practical Guideto Scientific Management
34
BWF
HHMI
Sources of Information on Research Ethics
and Human Subjects Research
Government Agency Web Sites
Office for Human Research Protections,...
... Data Access block to cache credentials in a database.
May use the Cryptography block to encrypt cached credentials.
The configuration tools will automatically add the required block to your ... Block
May use the Data Access block to log to a database.
Security Block
May use the Caching block to cache credentials.
Developer's Guideto Microsoft Enterprise Library 5.0 (Release Candidate)
16
... of application blocks, each aimed at managing specific
crosscutting concerns. In case this concept is unfamiliar, crosscutting concerns are those annoying
tasks that you need to accomplish...
... immediate responses to requests
2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
36
1.20 Introduction to C+ + Programming
•
C+ + language
–
Facilitates structured and disciplined approach to computer
program ... std::cout << "Welcome\nto\n\nC++!\n";
9
10 return 0; // indicate that program ended successfully
11
12 } // end function main
Welcome
to
C+ +!
Using newline characters to
print ... means to exit
function; value 0 indicates
program terminated
successfully.
2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
16
1.7 History of C and C+ +
•
History of C+ +
–
Extension of C
–
Early...
... XP, click the Start button, select
All Programs, select Accessories, and then select Command Prompt. In Vista, click the
Start button, select All Programs, select Accessories, and then select Command ... this source code file in a directory of your choice, and then change to that directory.
3. Compile the source code file. There should be no syntax errors. Record the command
you used to compile ... button, select
All Programs, select Accessories, and then select Command Prompt. In Vista, click the
Start button, select All Programs, select Accessories, and then select Command Prompt.
Change...
... introductory concepts and terminology used
in object-oriented programming
Recognize the structure of a C+ + program
Complete the C+ + development cycle, which includes
creating a source code file, compiling ...
GoodDay.cpp using Notepad or the text editor of your
choice.
2. Save this source code file in a directory of your choice, and then change to that directory.
3. Compile the source code file. ... electroni-
cally from the Course Technology Web site by connecting to www.course.com, and then
searching for this book title.
You can use a computer in your school lab or your own computer to complete...