... make acceptance ofthe laws a little easier; the proof ofthe laws does exist and is available for the disbelievers or the more advanced student 8.1 BIOT-SAVART LAW The source ofthe steady magnetic ... magnetic fields, and some of these problems now appear as exercises at the end ofthe chapter rather than as examples here One useful result is the field ofthe finite-length current element, shown in ... another, we should expect foolish answers The Biot-Savart law may also be expressed in terms of distributed sources, such as current density J and surface current density K Surface current flows...
... the orientation ofthe magnetic field were discussed The values of gk and g\ were also estimated The mechanisms responsible for the observed effects were discussed briefly 591 References M Ziese, ... broadens the frequency spectrum ofthe oscillations and thus accelerates the oscillations decay 1 /s, which results in an additional damping ofthe oscillations ofthe Pr However, the contribution of ... an increase in 1 /s in the heterostructures Conclusions Electron-spin dynamics in GaAs-based heterostructures was investigated in the presence of a negative external bias Electron spins were generated...
... the expression of electron distribution function nn,N,k (t) We insert the expression of nn,N,k (t) into the expression of j(t) and then ⊥ ⊥ insert the expression of j(t) into the expression of ... (z) is the wave function ofthe n-th state in one ofthe one-dimensional superlattice potential wells, d is the superlattices period, So is the number of superlattices period ∆n is the width of ... a strong EMW in compositional superlattices in case of confined phonons, in this section, we will evaluate, plot and discuss the expression ofthe NAC for the case ofthe GaAs − Al0.3 Ga0.7 As...
... difficulties, the stainless steel washers were not protected against corrosion, differing thus from those used by Lemons and Natiella [17] Martensitic stainless steel relates to the classification described ... ofthe surgical bone cavity Distribution of screws and washers, outlining the borders ofthe surgical bone cavity A distance of 1.3 mm separates the washers over the surgical cavity, corresponding ... and eosin stain (HE) for histological analysis The objective ofthe present study is to contribute to the understanding of processes involved in the response of bone to electromagnetic fields, by...
... and the second term is the expression ofthe density ofthe AME current If the external magnetic field does not exist, then the second term will not exist Thus, the density ofthe AME current is ... is given |Gpz ,qz |2 = |Λ| 2ρωqz Where Λ is the deformation potential constant and ρ is the crystal density ofthe RQW In Eq.(5), the first term is the expression ofthe density ofthe acoustoelectric ... conditions in Eq.(9) which condition dependences on the frequency ωqz ofthe acoustic wave, the mass of electrons, the temperature and the cross-sectional area ofthe RQW The curve ofthe AME...
... basic weight Below we address the issues of existence and uniqueness ofsolutions to the above equations by finding explicit examplesof basic weights for certain values ofthe parameters ofthe ... which was used to obtain the results in [10, 16] The proof is given in Section 4.4 and works by showing that thethe weight ofthe paths obeys the same equations as the weight ofthe basic configurations ... provides a second proof of theorem Recursions In this section we study the normalisation using the weight equations (under the assumption η = 1) By considering the position of first (leftmost) ◦...
... co-citation entries in the form of a visual map We assessed the goodness -of- fit of each ofthe co-citation maps produced using Kruskal 's Stress measure [51] Values for Kruskal 's Stress [49] measure were ... least his representation of) a general theory of innovation diffusion Further, Rogers' synthesis of most known empirical studies of diffusion remained useful to scholars If Kuhn 's claim ofthe social ... social scientists ofthe last one hundred years His book is the second most cited in the social sciences [143] Some reasons for this influence are obvious He worked in several universities (among them...
... co-citation entries in the form of a visual map We assessed the goodness -of- fit of each ofthe co-citation maps produced using Kruskal 's Stress measure [51] Values for Kruskal 's Stress [49] measure were ... least his representation of) a general theory of innovation diffusion Further, Rogers' synthesis of most known empirical studies of diffusion remained useful to scholars If Kuhn 's claim ofthe social ... social scientists ofthe last one hundred years His book is the second most cited in the social sciences [143] Some reasons for this influence are obvious He worked in several universities (among them...
... Let S denote the set of conjugacy classes of subgroups of C Subgroup classes 233 through 272 form the subset ofSof subgroup classes of index at most A sequence of commands in MAGMA which tests ... and C2,2 has 87 conjugacy classes of subgroups This is because ofthe difference in the number of conjugacy classes of order Recall that the order of a conjugacy class is the order of a subgroup ... determine the Galois group in any the above examples This dissertation studies Bush s possibilities for Gal(k nr,2 /k) in each of his examples We attempt to isolate the Galois group among the possibilities...
... and a phase term φ(t) associated with the phase fluctuations ofthe field In the specific case ofthe rf transitions, phase noise is not an issue when using modern oscillators In the case ofthe Raman ... where the minus sign goes with the |g state and the plus sign with the |e state This is known as the Bloch-Siegert shift and is often important for rf transitions where Ω ∼ ωl is possible [55] For ... methods, measurements, results and conclusion In Chapter 2, we start with the theoretical discussion ofthe hyperfine interaction This discussion develops further to include the effect ofthe hyperfine...
... The insets in panels (a),(b) show the wavespinors ofthe levels (1) and (3) corresponding to the points with zero oscillator strength arises due to the coupling ofthe states localized at either ... Figure shows the oscillator strength and the corresponding transition energy ΔE for the topological states of a single kink profile The results are presented as function of ky (panels (a,c)) and the ... oscillator strength The results in Figure 4(a) show a zero value for the oscillator strength at ky = As shown in the inset of Figure 4(a) the wavespinors for the first state ϕa1 ,b1 and the second...
... viscosity, r is the hydrodynamic radius ofthe cluster, k is the Boltzmann s constant, and T is the absolute temperature [5] When the average relaxation time of clusters in colloidal suspension ... The synthesis process of bare g-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and DMSA-coated g-Fe2O3 nanoparticles The synthesis of bare g-Fe2O3 nanoparticles The 25% (w/w) N(CH3)4OH was slowly added into the mixture of ... clusters Moreover, due to the magnetic repulsive interaction, the size of clusters should be smaller than the original size of aggregates in the suspension This inference is in accordance with the...
... competing interests Acknowledgments The study was supported by grants of Russian Foundation for Basic Research and by the grant ofthe President of Russian Federation for Young Scientists MK-5288.2011.2 ... observe avoided crossings between dispersions of different magnetoexcitons, and even reversal of a sign of magnetoexciton effective masses (see Figure 1b,c,e,f) Also we see that the high levels ... author: lozovik@isan.troitsk.ru Email address: AAS: aasokolik@yandex.ru Abstract Massless Dirac electrons in graphene fill Landau levels with energies scaled as square roots of their numbers Coulomb...
... with permission from S Karger AG, Basel SPION was calculated as shown in Figure Figure gives the resistance ofthe MDCK cells over a period of days Discussion All stages ofthe experiments showed ... cells were cultured on top of them We speculate that the migration ofthe SWISS 3T3 fibroblasts into the SIS membrane somehow changed the localization ofthe pores in the SIS, possibly plugging some ... Figure Transepithelial Electrical Resistance Transepithelial Electrical Resistance The resistance of MDCK cells cultured on the SIS membrane was measured for a period of seven days The resisitance...
... graft is placed Screws and washers outlining the borders ofthe surgical Screws and washers outlining the borders ofthe surgical bone cavity, in which the bone graft is placed The washers are ... composition of pictures showing the sequence ofthe surgical cavity (SC) and screw space (SS) The screw holes and the surgical cavity between them may be observed Bifurcating blood vessels invade ... without clear visibility ofthe washers borders In some ofthe specimens, the thin cortical structure with massive presence of marrow was apparent No structures representing the autogenous bone graft...
... when the confinement frequency ωz increases, the value of ωc (the magnetic field) satisfying this condition decreases So the peak shifts to the left (the region of small magnetic field) as ωz ... The existence ofthe odd magnetoresistance was explained by the effect ofthe strong EMW on the probability of collision, i.e., the collision integral depends on the amplitude and frequency of ... system One ofthe 2DEG models is the parabolic quantum well (PQW) which has attracted many interests in recent years One ofthe most interesting problems in 2DEG is the Hall effect However, most...
... (5) → The frequency ofthe acoustic phonon is low so we can skip ω− q in the delta function in the Eq.(5) Considering the distribution of phonons to be symmetric, in the presence ofthe magnetic ... reaches a certain value The RMR is also gets the different values when the magnetic field changes These dependences are different from the case ofthe RMR in the bulk semiconductor published 142 ... RMR in the quantum well We see that the RMR in this case depends on some parameters such as : the intensity of electromagnetic waves, the magnetic field B, the frequency ofthe radiation, the relaxation...
... are the implications ofthe answer to this question for our understanding of core dynamics and core-mantle coupling? Mechanisms of reversals The mechanisms of field reversals are still subject of ... changes ofthe length of day, not discussed here), by the statistics of field reversals, and by the suggested preferential reversal paths 3.3 THE EXTERNAL FIELD 85 Intermezzo 3.1 Units of confusion ... of some potential V , and Laplaces and Poisson s equations apply • For the description and analysis of these fields, spherical harmonics is the most convenient tool, which will be used to illustrate...
... four presents the findings ofthe study This part is apparently important because it justifies the effectiveness ofthe research Chapter five discusses the findings ofthe study, provides pedagogical ... points): Students were asked to discuss one topic with each other The topics were within the content ofthe speaking units in the first semester Students’ manner was assessed during the whole test ... progress ofthe research There are some reasons for the choice of using mock speaking tests Firstly, students should be familiarized with the speaking test s format during the first semester because...