ethical considerations in research
HIV in pregnancy - ethical issues in screening and therapeutic research
Ngày tải lên :
01/11/2013, 08:20
... Unsurprisingly, uptake in these countries is high (as well as in
Sweden and the US). In the UK it is much lower but rising (de Cock and
71HIV in pregnancy
4
HIV in pregnancy: ethical issues in screening ... contravene existing guide-
lines – in particular, the Declaration of Helsinki (World Medical Association,
1996) and the international ethical guidelines for biomedical research involv-
ing human subjects ... 12: 21–6.
UK Intercollegiate Working Party for Enhancing Voluntary ConWdential HIV Testing
in Pregnancy (1998). Reducing Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Infection in the
United Kingdom. London:...
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Cambridge.University.Press.Ethical.Issues.in.Maternal-Fetal.Medicine.Mar.2002.pdf
Ngày tải lên :
21/09/2012, 10:54
... Harris.
Neil McIntosh (Chapter 21), a consultant paediatrician in Scotland, oVers
a practising clinician’s slant on disability, in the context of ethical issues in
withdrawing life-sustaining treatment. ... according to the
view in question, infants lack a right to life. However, this is at odds with our
moral intuitions, according to which infants have moral interests that deserve
protection, including ... donor insemination are outlined.
Elina Hemminki (Chapter 12), a Finnish epidemiologist and health tech-
nology assessment expert, approaches antenatal screening from an evidence-
based medicine...
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Báo cáo y học: "Special considerations in the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder and medical co-morbidities"
Ngày tải lên :
25/10/2012, 10:51
... portacaval shunting, thereby decreasing first pass
metabolism; decrease in quantities and affinity of plasma
proteins, thereby increasing free-drug levels; increase in
volume of distribution in patients ... in
valproate dose
None Risk of liver injury in conjunction with
lipid-lowering agents; risk of bleeding
complications in conjunction with
antiplatelet agents, warfarin, niacin
Carbamazepine ... studied primarily in patients with
seizure disorders. Carbamazepine-induced increase in
total cholesterol is primarily due to an increase in HDL
[34]. This occurs during the initial weeks of therapy,...
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Báo cáo y học: "Technical Considerations in Decompressive Craniectomy in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury"
Ngày tải lên :
25/10/2012, 11:40
... repeated in parallel rows of incisions so that each
incision in one row wa s adjacent to an intact dural
bridge in the rows on either side. The same course
was then performed, but in a direction ... 7(6):385-390
© Ivyspring International Publisher. All rights reserved
Review
Technical Considerations in Decompressive Craniectomy in the Treatment
of Traumatic Brain Injury
X. Huang, L. ... performed
dural incisions in a stellate fashion. In this step, it is
important that entrance points of major vessels are
close to the midpoint between the angles of the dural
opening. Th e most...
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Ethical Considerations Outline
Ngày tải lên :
29/10/2012, 15:28
... to Win)
Integrative
Negotiations
(Achieve Mutual
Gain)
•
Exaggerating demands
•
Pretend not to be in a hurry
•
Ask for more than you expect
•
Hiding the bottom line
•
Misrepresenting information
•
Bluffing
•
Influencing ...
Ethics
Behaving in moral ways
Most societies have guidelines for behavior
What one society views as unethical may be
considered acceptable in another society
Ethics is evolving rather than a set of
standards that must never change
Develop code of ethics
... line
•
Misrepresenting information
•
Bluffing
•
Influencing an opponent’s
professional network
•
Encouraging others to defect
to your side
Borderline Tactics
Recommended Tactics
Rely on persuasion rather than
manipulation and coercion
Identify tactics to avoid (e.g. anything
dishonest, disrespectful, irresponsible,
manipulative)
Agree to common guidelines (e.g. treat
others with respect, avoid
misrepresentations)
...
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Ethical issues in embryo interventions and cloning
Ngày tải lên :
01/11/2013, 08:20
... which
15 3Ethical issues in embryo interventions and cloning
9
Ethical issues in embryo interventions
and cloning
Franc¸oise ShenWeld
Centre for Medical Ethics, UCL Medical School, London, UK
Introduction
Although ... pertinent.
Indeed if dignity has to be deWned in any essential manner, as it must be if
enshrined in international declarations, it is the unique quality of all human
beings, also recognized in ... stimulating debate.
15 7Ethical issues in embryo interventions and cloning
Conclusion
Cloning is only one example, among the many discussed in this chapter, of
ethical dilemmas in the new reproductive...
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Ethical issues in withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from handicapped neonates
Ngày tải lên :
01/11/2013, 08:20
... be severe gastrointestinal abnormalities and renal
agenesis making death inevitable from renal failure within a very few days.
Consideration of withholding or withdrawing life-saving medical treat-
ment ... developmental morbidity in
children less than 26 weeks gestation at 2.5 years of age. Pediatric Research 45: 259A.
34 5Ethical issues in withdrawing life-sustaining treatment
interest at the time ... 21.1. Ethical issues in withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from handicapped
neonates – in the presence of uncertainty.
light of the best scientiWc knowledge available. The future for the infant...
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The fewer the better. Ethical issues in multiple gestation
Ngày tải lên :
01/11/2013, 08:20
... the administration of infertility drugs, if ultrasound
monitoring indicated maturation of multiple follicle cells (Manier, 1998:
p. 1). At that point, clinicians might have declined to administer ... procedure
would indicate that it involves terminating fetuses while preserving preg-
nancy. Awkward but accurate deWnitions could therefore be any of the
following: fetal termination with pregnancy ... (DiVerent feminist standpoints are supported by feminist standpoint
theory, which I have described and defended in Mahowald, 1995a.)
Within the context of that imperative, targeting some fetuses...
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Tài liệu Practical considerations in the European market for building and future-proofing robust, flexible FTTN infrastructures ppt
Ngày tải lên :
24/01/2014, 11:20
... consider in planning an FTTN architecture through existing
underground ducts. For instance, planners should not focus on trying to squeeze more things into
smaller spaces. Despite space considerations, ...
building rings. For example, a 5 km serving area with
four main routes would require about 20 km of fiber
cable. A ring serving the same area would require more
than 31 km of cable. A full ring ... Pair
Achieving redundancy
Achieving redundancy in a tree and branch network systems can be done by first giving consideration
to cable size—for example, using two 144-count cables instead of a single...
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Tài liệu Warranties, Patents, and Ethical Considerations Warranties and Guaranties ppt
Ngày tải lên :
25/01/2014, 16:20
... some or the entire mold is finished. It
could require experimenting with cycle times, even changing some steel
dimensions, or the cooling provisions in all or in certain areas of the mold.
Often, ... never unhappy to pay the premium, because they too gained
by being in production sooner and/or gaining higher productivity.
6.2 Patents and Ethical Considerations
While patents and ethics may not ... distorting the
product. This can be difficult to foresee, in particular with non-symmetrical
and odd-shaped products. In many cases, this requires experimentation before
finalizing the mold or testing...
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Tài liệu PTSD in Women Returning From Combat: Future Directions in Research and Service Delivery doc
Ngày tải lên :
13/02/2014, 06:20
... example, during this workshop, Magellan Health
Systems presented information about its CME programs promoting evidence-based practices
guidelines for diagnosing and treating PTSD. These training programs ... differences in the development of PTSD.
Additionally, while research has been examining the role of sex hormones (estrogen in women
and testosterone in men) in the development of PTSD, researchers ... counseling may have occurred in relation to the propranolol administration. The
authors concluded that the timing of propranolol administration and psychological counseling
resulting in memory...
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Tài liệu Cancer Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome: Current Issues in Research and Management ppt
Ngày tải lên :
15/02/2014, 04:20
... NPY
feeding systems are dysfunctional in anorectic
tumor-bearing rats. NPY injected intrahypo-
thalamically stimulated feeding less potently
in rats bearing methylcholanthrene-induced
sarcoma than in ... al.
Leptin-regulated endocannabinoids are involved
in maintaining food intake. Nature
2001;410:822-825.
125. Tanaka Y, Eda H, Fujimoto K, et al.
Anticachectic activity of 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouri-
dine in ... signal.
76,77
Convergent information suggests that CRF
may be involved in triggering changes in
gastrointestinal motility observed during stress
exposure. CRF may induce delayed gastric
emptying and gastric...
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Tài liệu Ethical Issues in Environmental and Occupational Health pptx
Ngày tải lên :
17/02/2014, 10:20
... of research question, influences on the
funding of some research projects (and not others), influences on the outcome of research (i.e.,
findings), and influences on the dissemination of research ... miners in terms of the “frame” of
numbers of coal miners, the health of miners appears to be diminishing. That is, coal mine deaths, per
thousand coal-mine employees in the US, have been increasing ... coal miners in terms of the “frame” of tons of coal mined, the health of miners appears to be
improving. That is, coal-mine deaths, per ton of coal mined, have been decreasing since 1950 in the...
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Tài liệu Ethical Issues in Nursing ppt
Ngày tải lên :
18/02/2014, 14:20
... what
sense of best? Clinical best? Moral best?
Tensions between medicine and nursing are increasingly coming to
the fore in the field of health care research. In the past, says Blackburn
in chapter 5, ... discovery in the
GEOFFREY HUNT 11
Noddings’ work might be expected to have something important to say
for nursing ethics. She distinguishes between natural caring and ethical
caring and maintains that ... questions. But
Noddings recognised that prior conditions must be met for ethical
caring. Hanford speaks of nursing having to practise in a ‘chronically
ethically diminished state’. Nursing administration...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "An annotation scheme for discourse-level argumentation in research articles" doc
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 03:20
... the
research paper for the summarization task we are
particularly interested in having them annotated
consistently in our training material. The anno-
tators were less good at determining ... add considerable value to the
information contained in the training material.
Study III tries to answer the question whether
the considerable training effort used in Studies I
and II can be ... experts in all of the sub-
domains of the papers they annotated. The anno-
tators went through a substantial amount of train-
ing, including the reading of coding instructions
for the two versions...
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