drugs and poisons in humans

Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 17)

Ngày tải lên : 18/10/2013, 00:15

... mg/mL), and kept airtightly in a refrigerator. A 5-µL volume of the above solution is placed using a microsyringe in a glass vial containing 1 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), capped airtightly and ... vapor in the vial is drawn into a glass tuberculin syringe with a 25 G × 1″ needle (0.50 × 25 mm, Terumo, Tokyo, Japan and other manufac turers) and rapidly injected into GC. iv. Quantitation: ... containing isoamyl nitrite as a main component. b) In the commercial products of an alkyl nitrite, small amounts of corresponding alkyl alco- hol, the decomposition product, are contained. Since...

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 67)

Ngày tải lên : 18/10/2013, 00:15

... stockpiling and use are being prohibited by the CWC international treaty as a chemical weapon together with those of sarin and soman. In addition, even material compounds for VX synthesis are being ... AT (1999) Principle of Toxicology – Science of Poisons. Jiho Inc., Tokyo, pp 131–173 (in Japanese) 16) Tu AT, Inoue N (2001) Overall View of Chemical and Biological Weapons. Jiho Inc., Tokyo, ... place in Osaka, Japan.  e very high poisoning potency of VX proven in the inci- dent surprised the whole world with a shock and anxiety. VX is easily hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions, and...

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 20)

Ngày tải lên : 24/10/2013, 19:15

... axis. 194 Cannabinoids and their metabolites References 1) Wall ME, Sadler BM, Brine D et al. (1983) Metabolism, disposition, and kinetics of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in men and women. Clin Pharmacol ... conditions; an Autosystem XL (Perkin Elmer, Wellesley, MA, USA) and an FID were used. Column (oven) temperature: 50°C (2 min) →20 °C/min→200 °C(0.5 min)→5 °C/min→ 300 °C(5 min); injection temperature: ... TMS and methyl ester-TMS derivatizations. GC/MS analysis of ∆ 9 -THC-11-oic acid in urine 188 Cannabinoids and their metabolites GC analysis of cannabinoids in plant specimens a Reagents and...

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 21)

Ngày tải lên : 24/10/2013, 19:15

... or dihydrocodeine is commonly included in over-the-counter drugs of antitussives. > Figure 3.1 shows metabolic pathways of morphine, heroin and codeine. Since morphine and codeine are  nally ... morphine. Trends Neurosci 23:436–442 Toxic and fatal concentrations 196 Morphine and its analogues Main metabolic pathways of morphine, heroin and codeine. The thick and thin arrows show the main ... (1992) Increased urinary morphine, codeine and tetrahydropapavero- line in Parkinsonian patient undergoing L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine therapy: a possible biosynthetic path- way of morphine from...

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 70)

Ngày tải lên : 24/10/2013, 19:15

... Cyanosis in infants caused by nitrates in well water. JAMA 257:2788–2792 12) Fan AM, Steinberg VE (1996) Health implications of nitrate and nitrite in drinking water: an update on methemoglobinemia ... analysis. Toxic and fatal concentrations In > Table 5.1, clinical symptoms according to the concentrations of methemoglobin are presented. ⊡ Table 5.1 Clinical symptoms appearing according to methemoglobin ... methemoglobin, it is called methemoglobinemia. Especially in newborn babies and small infants, methemoglobinemia can easily take place, because of lower methemoglobin reductase activities in these...

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 71 and End)

Ngày tải lên : 24/10/2013, 19:15

... determination of methemoglobin in blood containing carboxyhemoglobin. Forensic Sci Int 17:177–184 7) Sato K (1983) A method for determination of methemoglobin in blood containing carboxyhemoglobin. ... Microdetermination of oxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin and sulfhemoglobin in a single sample of blood. J Biol Chem 126:655–662 2) Leahy T, Smith R (1960) Notes on methemoglobin determination. Clin Chem ... 635 inorganic nitrite 649 inorganic poisons 637 interface 40 International Normalized Ratio 605 intratracheal contents 168 intratracheal gas 161, 162 in vitro interval 218 iodoplatinate reagent 225,...

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 22)

Ngày tải lên : 29/10/2013, 01:15

... times of his ingestion and death. In addition, the ratios of cocaine to BE in blood and in the brain, and the brain-to-blood ratios of cocaine and BE were compared with those described in literature ... extraction a and GC/MS analysis for cocaine and its main metabolites, such as ecgonine methyl ester ( EME) and benzoylecgonine ( BE), in urine and blood, are presented; a fatal cocaine poisoning case, ...  e ratios increased according to the increase in time interval between the inhalation and samplings [13–15]. In the present case, the ratio counted 6.3, suggesting a relatively short period...

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 23)

Ngày tải lên : 29/10/2013, 02:15

... Figure 5.2 223 In two autopsy cases of pentazocine poisoning, its concentrations were 9.2 and 3.3 µg/mL in blood, 43 and 34 µg/g in the liver, and not detectable and 4.5 µg/mL in urine, respectively ... 285 plus 217 (pentazocine) were used at the retention times of 3–7 min and 7–8 min, respectively. The amount of pentazocine and IS spiked into 1 mL of blank whole blood or urine was equally 50 ng. ⊡ ... being analyzed by GC [1–4], HPLC [5–7] and GC/MS [8]. In this chapter, a simple method for GC/MS analysis of pentazocine in human whole blood and urine is presented. Structures of pentazocine...

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 24)

Ngày tải lên : 08/11/2013, 01:15

... methamphetamine. However, in recent years, it has been increasing markedly; 3,500 tablets of LSD were seized in 1996, while 53,043 tablets in 2000 (about 15-fold increase), arousing a serious concern ... obtained by oral administration of as small as 20–75 µg of LSD.  e ab- sorption of LSD from the digestive tract is rapid and distinct visual hallucination takes place 45 min–1 h a er oral intake ... contain LSD, the drug is extracted by adding 1 % tartaric acid aqueous solution and by shaking it for 5 min.  is procedure is repeated six times and the tartarate extract solutions are combined....

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 25)

Ngày tải lên : 08/11/2013, 01:15

... determination of amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and 3,4-methylenedioxyethyl- amphe tamine in urine by solid-phase extraction and ... catecholamine (including serotonin) release and blockade of reuptake resulting in cardiac and central nervous system e ects [15].  e e ects of MDMA vary depend- ing on its doses, frequency and duration ... the Greek and Latin origins; “en”, “gen” and “tactus” mean “within”, “produce” and “touch”, respectively.  erefore, the word means “to produce a touching within” [1]. b) MDA, MDMA and MDEA...

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Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 26)

Ngày tải lên : 08/11/2013, 01:15

... dichloromethane containing cyclized GHB is more than 100 µL in the vial, the proportion of dichloromethane gas, being contained in the headspace vapor to be injected a er heating, becomes too ... of GHB is slower in cerebrospinal  uid, vitreous humor and urine than in blood. Villain et al. [21] and Elliott [31] have tentatively set positive cuto limits of GHB at 50 and 30 µg/mL for ... [21] and CE [22]. In this chapter, a detailed procedure for simple GC/MS analysis of PCP in blood and urine is presented. Structures of PCP and pethidine (IS). ⊡ Figure 8.1 Reagents and their...

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Tài liệu Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 27) ppt

Ngày tải lên : 15/12/2013, 12:15

... 29:242–248 Toxic and fatal concentrations 3.13.1 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 II.3.1 Phenothiazines by Akira Ishii and Yoshinao Katsumata Introduction Phenothiazine drugs, including chlorpromazine ... Poisoning due to psychotropic agents. Adverse Drug React Acute Poisoning Rev 4:83–126 3) Geraut A, Kintz P, Traqui A et al. (1994) Toxicological findings in a fatality involving chlorpromazine. ... distinct peaks. However, peaks of perazine, prochlorperazine, thiethylperazine and perphenazine were small and also interfered with by impurity peaks; low concentrations of these compounds in...

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Tài liệu Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 28) pptx

Ngày tải lên : 15/12/2013, 12:15

... 656:373–381 Poisoning cases, and toxic and fatal concentrations 3.2 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 II.3.2 Butyrophenones by Kazuo Igarashi Introduction Butyrophenone drugs including haloperidol ... haloperidol and bromperidol, which most frequently cause poisoning incidents among butyrophenones.  ese drugs are rapidly metabolized in human bodies into reduced haloperidol and reduced ... (1995) Simultaneous determination of haloperidol and its neurotoxic metabo- lite in plasma and brain tissue from schizophrenic patients treated with haloperidol using HPLC and solid- phase extraction....

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Tài liệu Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 29) ppt

Ngày tải lên : 15/12/2013, 12:15

... also included in this chapter. GC/MS analysis Reagents and their preparation • Amitriptyline, carbamazepine, clomipramine, desipramine, imipramine, maprotiline, mianserin, nortriptyline and ... reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin and by accerelating the release of them at synaptic terminals of neurons in the brain. As characteristic structures of such drugs showing antidepressive ... tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants and carbamazepine obtained by GC/MS. A: amitriptyline, B: mianserin, C: nortriptyline, D: imipramine, E: desipramine, F: promethazine (IS), G: setiptiline,...

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Tài liệu Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 30) doc

Ngày tải lên : 15/12/2013, 12:15

... time use. i) Since proteins are usually eluted within 5 min, the eluate is not introduced into MS, but drained outside during this period. A er this time, the valve is switched to introduce clean ... residue is dissolved in 50 µL methanol and a 2-µL aliquot is injected into GC/MS e . Assessment and some comments on the method  e recovery rates of the drugs from blood and urine were not less ... brotizolam. ⊡ Figure 4.1 GC/MS analysis of benzodiazepines in blood and urine 287 In the analysis of benzodiazepines by GC and GC/MS, the decomposition of drugs due to heat frequently takes place. ...