... groups inthe global scienceandengineering enterprise IntheUnited States, women are increasingly majoring inscienceandengineering fields, and more women are earning graduate degrees in these ... ENGINEERINGINDEVELOPMENTWomeninAcademicScienceandEngineeringintheUnited States: ChallengesandOpportunitiesGeraldineRichmond 19 Trends in Basic Sciences in Contemporary Iran: Growth and ... http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12185.html WOMENINACADEMICSCIENCEANDENGINEERINGINTHEUNITEDSTATES 21 Determine effective practices for the recruiting and retention of women scientists and engineers in faculty positions...
... normative in its commitment to understanding the ethics and values implicit inscienceand technology and to using that understanding to guide the transformative powers of scienceand technology in ... circumstances of scienceand technology, society and history But the core challenge remains: how to bring the distinctive insights and sensibilities of STS into the analysis of policy andthe process ... But there is also a Low Church, less concerned with understanding scienceand technology inand of themselves, and more with making scienceand technology accountable to public interests The...
... participation in decision-making in science, technology, and medicine Steven Epstein’s study of the role of AIDS activists in challenging the norms and procedures of clinical trials remains a crucial point ... details, andthe inquiry is carried out inthe same buildings andinthe same departments as the other branches of science; but when a historian or a science student accounts for the evolution of science, ... polity was, in part, an argument against the proposals for the planning of science put forward inthe 1930s and 1940s in Britain by J D Bernal and other socialist scientists Despite the apparent...
... work involved in creating and utilizing sciences, technologies and medicines, elucidating multiple levels of group meaningmaking and material involvements, commitments, and practices In sum, the ... feminist theory andthe project of the intelligent machine is unquestionably Alison Adam’s (1998) Artificial Knowing: Gender andthe Thinking Machine Adam, a historian of science working for the ... lineage involving automata or the creation of machines in (a certain) image of the human and human capacities, and (4) analysis informed by, or on my reading resonant with, feminist theorizing...
... knowledge, in production and intervention rather than representation, andinscience as a mode of working and doing things inand to the world rather than as a system of propositions arranged into theories ... questions about the social persuasiveness and power of images and about the role of scienceinthe constitution of identity and seeing As Burri and Dumit remind us in their work on images andthe authors ... situating Gould and Lewontin’s arguments in evolutionary debates, the essays bring out how they contingently and strategically represent the history of biology, the literature inthe field, and their...
... is a starting point for studying the cultural embeddedness of the practices of the making and handling of visual representations and of the shaping, distributing, applying, and embodying of scientific ... givenness of the social world In other words, examining production means studying images as artifacts; examining engagement means analyzing the role of images as instruments in science; and examining ... examining scientific reasoning as it takes place, in vivo, in weekly lab meetings in major molecular biology and immunology labs intheUnited States, Canada, and Italy In addition to tape recording...
... “Rebalancing Teaching and Research,” Science 299: 165 Chadwick, A & C May (2003) “Interaction between Statesand Citizens inthe Age of the Internet: e-Government intheUnited States, Britain, andthe ... “STM Information on the Web andtheDevelopment of New Internet R&D Databases and Indicators,” in Proceedings Online Information Meeting 98, London, Learned Information 1998: 239–43 Almind, T & Ingwersen, ... done on a truly huge scale inthe social sciences, information and computer science, andthe humanities According to the editors of Academia andthe Internet: The Internet and its impact on society...
... Commission on the Advancement of Womenand Minorities in Science, Engineeringand Technology Development (2000) Land of Plenty: Diversity as America’s Competitive Edge in Science, Engineeringand Technology ... increase and timing of the status change is not always clear, as inthe case of the recent increase inthe participation of womenin veterinary sciencein Sweden INCREASING PARTICIPATION/CONTINUED ... Disabilities inScienceandEngineering Available at: www.nsf.gov National Science Foundation, Science Statistics (2004) Women, Minorities and Persons with Disabilities inScienceandEngineering Nerad,...
... surprisingly, given the growing significance of the Internet for the formation and maintenance of patient groups, there has been a parallel interest in obtaining and analyzing various forms of on-line ... generally delineate a major transition during the 1960s from a focus on preservation and conservation to industrial pollution, andintheUnitedStatesand some other countries during the 1980s there ... and Technical Choice: The Decline of the Wooden Airplane intheUnited States, 1920–1945,” Technology and Culture 35(1): 34–69 Scheinberg, Anne (2003) The Proof of the Pudding: Urban Recycling...
... scholars inthe field are beginning to think about the ethical implications of engineering through new lenses andin new places Topics such as the public understanding of engineeringandthe value-laden ... inform scholarship inengineering ethics and transform normative analysis of engineering. 1 THEDEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING ETHICS While we cannot provide a complete history of the field of engineering ... seen in Kline’s summary of the major issues that form the core of engineering ethics texts intheUnited States, which largely focuses on business-related interests including conflicts of interest,...
... the first time intheUnited States, thereby raising the intriguing prospect of the existence of multiple institutional paths to the fortification of a research base inthe course of economic development ... that theUnitedStates had been outpacing Europe inscienceand technology, the European Union has been on the forefront of fostering the reengineering of institutions of research Worried about the ... outline of the three regimes of science funding and organization intheUnitedStatesinthe twentieth century, based on our reading of the relevant economic and social history as well as the...
... (2002) assumes that the number of scienceandengineering graduates from universities intheUnited States, Japan, Germany, theUnited Kingdom, and France is a valid measure of the global knowledge ... The NSF started the first Scienceand Technology Center in 1978, with the first Engineering Research Center founded in 1984 (Adams et al., 2001), and these became the center of a more general initiative ... that included the terms “university” (and related variants) and “innovation” in their abstracts In 1984, zero manuscripts appeared, while the index catalogs 49 pieces in 1994 and 57 in 2004 The...
... “Developing of International Competitiveness in Industries and Individual Firms in Developing Countries: The Case of the Chilean Forest- Based Industry andthe Chilean Engineering Firm Arze, Recine and ... engineering to developing their own prototype technology by performing their own R&D In acquiring technology from outside, the firm faces further choices in selecting, adopting, and implementing ... against the death penalty for minors Roper v Simmons, 543 U.S 541 (2005) IntheUnited States, leading decisions that incorporate natural law understandings of gender and motherhood include In the...
... of aesthetic surgery illustrates the intertwined in uences of the demand for technical expertise in reconstructive surgery to treat injuries from war andthe increase in injuries with the industrial ... data interpretation tools to aid in classifying ailments and rationalizing variant and costly practices, they function in multiple roles, including reordering work patterns inthe clinic, changing ... related point is made by Nelis (2000) in a comparative study of the management of uncertainty in genetic testing services inthe Netherlands andtheUnited Kingdom, where she argued that the construction...
... required further boundary work, concerning (1) theorists and practitioners of formal pricing models and (2) financial theorists andthe nonfinancial economists intheacademic world The setting in which ... straightforward development beginning with Louis Bachelier (and Jules Regnault earlier) and continuing inthe 1960s andthe 1970s with the work of Eugene Fama and Paul Samuelson, among others (e.g., ... processes as determined by information on the one hand, andthe formal processing of random signals in order to identify determined patterns on the other, led to conceptualizing information as additive...
... between scienceandengineeringand between research and manufacturing—thus building inthe promise of economic payoffs from research at the onset The bridging of disciplines as well as the hyperbolic ... role of volunteers in biomedical research, andthe history of the “brain drain” debate intheUnited Kingdom He is the author of Britain and Biological Warfare: Expert Advice andScience Policy, ... Studies andthe Bovay Program for History and Ethics inEngineering at Cornell University He studies technical practice, decision-making, andthe dynamics of expertise in scientific and engineering...
... toward science/ scientists, 770–771 experts and expertise in the, 619, 766, 776 the language of, 762 making scienceinthe court, 455–456 morality of the, 764 natural law and judicial decision-making, ... geographic patterns in knowledge construction, 355–359 introduction, 353–355 in legitimizing knowledge, 359–360 in materializing science, 359–365 scientific inquiry and, 369 training and, 379–380 truth ... developmentand circulation, 520–521 mass media in increasing, 464–465 nanoscale scienceand engineering, 987–988 open-endedness of, 463 a proposed interpretative framework, 459–464 Subject Index...
... at the bottom The sludge present in SST is channelled to the Sludge Pumping Station (SPS) where it is pumped back into the PST for recycling whiles the liquid from the SST is pumped into Sand ... biogas in Brazil Biomass and Bioenergy 2009; 33 (9) 1101- 1107 Richard Arthur had both his MSc (Mechanical Engineering – Thermofluids and Energy Systems) and his BSc (Chemical Engineering) from the ... feed the main pumping station at the entrance of the treatment plant At the main pumping station, solid materials such as papers, glass, etc are removed by a screen The sewage is then pumped into...