... human and machine translations.
• Distinguish fluent machine translations from
poor machine translations.
• Distinguish the better (in terms of fluency)
translation among two translations of the
same ... fluency of text with shallow structural features: case studies
ofmachinetranslation and human-written text
Jieun Chae
University of Pennsylvania
chaeji@seas.upenn.edu
Ani Nenkova
University of Pennsylvania
nenkova@seas.upenn.edu
Abstract
Sentence ... Proceedings of HLT/NAACL’04.
S. Corston-Oliver, M. Gamon, and C. Brockett. 2001.
A machine learning approach to the automatic eval-
uation ofmachine translation. In Proceedings of
39th Annual Meeting of...
... Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering
Vol. 12, No. 4 (2002) 391–414
c
World Scientific Publishing Company
A SURVEY OFCASESTUDIESOF THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENT IN SOFTWARE ... productivity and quality of the developed software. The out-
come of several of these improvement initiatives was summed up in an article in
Communications of the ACM [10]. Claims of “order of magnitude” ... system:
1. Improve the quality of software?
2. Lower the cost of developing software?
3. Improve the work situation of employees in an organisation?
Now, we first give an overview of research methods, to...
... though not necessarily accurate, translations,
EVALUATION OFMACHINE TRANSLATIONS
7
[Mechanical Translation, vol. 8, No. 2, February 1965]
Evaluation ofMachine Translations by Reading
Comprehension ... judgments of the clarity of meaning of indivi-
dual sentences. The approach through testing of reading
comprehension provides a direct test of at least one
aspect of the quality of translation. ... combination
of several methods, including the two investigated here,
would appear likely to be of some use.
Summary and Conclusions
Evaluation of the quality ofmachine translations by
means of a...
... 0.83
0.83
0.77 0.88
0.71
0.60 0.83
With Case Information (Case) Lower Case (NoCase) Lower Case & Stemmed (Stem)
With Case Information (Case) Lower Case (NoCase) Lower Case & Stemmed (Stem)
Table ... construction of N-best translation
lexicons from parallel text. Melamed (1995) used
the ratio (LCSR) between the length of the LCS of
two words and the length of the longer word of the
two ...
Precision and Recall ofMachine Translation. In
Proceedings of NAACL/HLT 2003, Edmonton,
Canada.
Nießen S., F.J. Och, G, Leusch, H. Ney. 2000. An
Evaluation Tool for Machine Translation: Fast...
... Principles of context-based machine translation
evaluation. Machine Translation, 17(1):43–75.
Masaki Murata, Kiyotaka Uchimoto, Qing Ma, Toshiyuki
Kanamaru, and Hitoshi Isahara. 2005. Analysis of
machine ... ref-
erence translation.
1 Introduction
Machine translation evaluation is a difficult task,
since there is not only one correct translationof a
sentence, but many equally good translation options.
Often, ... highlights parts of the MT
output that it suspects are non-grammatical.
Even though the main purpose of BLAST is for
error annotation ofmachinetranslation output, the
freedom in the use of error typologies...
... The Trend of Purchasing Place of Kids Apparel
Source: Samsung DesignNet
Journal of Business CaseStudies – November/December 2009 Volume 5, Number 6
21
social context.
Case Description ... channels of distribution are the increasing market shares of discount
stores, and the rise of Internet shopping. These two channels have stolen the market share of previously dominant
Journal of ... attempt to alleviate almost 40% of these sales commissions.
Journal of Business CaseStudies – November/December 2009 Volume 5, Number 6
14
CURRENT SITUATION OF APPAREL DISTRIBUTION IN KOREA...
... the next generation of
consumers and meet tough sales targets.
Slazenger was not an official sponsor of the World Cup, but it was the equipment
sponsor of several members of the England squad, ... who would campaign in favour of
the amendment and table it on the floor of the House of Commons. This
included drafting speeches used in the House during the passage of the Bill.
• Identifying ... PRACTICE
The following casestudies are examples of PR consultancy work and, more
specifically, PR campaigns in practice. They demonstrate the enormous scope and
diversity of the UK’s PR consultancy...
... range of issues these
include:
•
a broader assessment of the consequences of economic growth;
•
the contribution of sectors to particular environmental problems; and
•
sectoral implications of ... use;
•
volume of unallocated resources; and
•
mean annual runoff.
Average annual water resources will give an indication of the long term availability of water.
A limitation of this approach ... an
indication of the quality of water used and the quality of water returned to the environment
or for subsequent reuse. An alternative to this would be the collection of data on the mass
load of pollutants...
... evaluation of cial results. In Of -
cial release of automatic evaluation scores for all
submissions, August.
Chin-Yew Lin and Franz Josef Och. 2004. Automatic
Evaluation ofMachineTranslation ... In
Proceedings of the NIST 2005 Machine Translation
Evaluation Workshop.
Christopher Culy and Susanne Z. Riehemann. 2003.
The Limits of N-gram Translation Evaluation Met-
rics. In Proceedings of MT-SUMMIT ... represents the ra-
tio of errors in the set of low scored translations
according to a given metric. The horizontal axis
represents the ratio of errors over the set of high
scored translations. The...
... Statistical MachineTranslation Mod-
els. In Proc. of the Association for Machine Trans-
lation in the Americas (AMTA).
P. Koehn. 2004b. Statistical Significance Tests for
Machine Translation ... In Proc. of the
EMNLP, Barcelona, Spain.
Y. Lee. 2004. Morphological Analysis for Statistical
Machine Translation. In Proc. of NAACL, Boston,
MA.
Y. Lee. 2005. IBM Statistical MachineTranslation ... Approach to Spoken Language Translation.
In Proc. of IWSLT.
M. Popovi´c and H. Ney. 2004. Towards the Use
of Word Stems and Suffixes for Statistical Machine
Translation. In Proc. of Language Resources...
... in machine
translation, a database of examples (pairs of
source phrases, sentences, or texts and
* Currently with Kyoto University
Figure 1 shows the basic flow of EBMT
using translationof ...
"Example-based Approach in Machine Translation& quot;,
Proceedings of lnfoJapan "90, Part 2: 65-72.
Sumita, E. and Iida, H. 1991 "Acceleration of
Example-Based Machine Translation& quot;, ...
EBMT (Example-Based Machine Translation)
is proposed. EBMT retrieves similar examples
(pairs of source phrases, sentences, or
texts and their translations) from a d~t.hase of
examples, adapting...