... obtaining a
complete syntactic analysis of an input, with no signifi-
cant semantic analysis; (3) translation proceeds after
obtaining a complete semantic analysis of an input. The
definition ...
(INTO (IN) PREP (GC A))
(IN (IN) PREP (GC O))
Figure 2
Transfer Entries for
the German Preposition " ;in& quot;
The German PREPosition " ;in& quot; (in parentheses) may trans-
late into ... semantic type, and case information (see
Figure ]). Transfer lexical entries indicate how and
under what conditions words or idioms in one language
translate into words or idioms in another (see...
... translator
Translation No. 5: a machinetranslation (Machine
Program A)
Translation No. 7: a machinetranslation (Machine
Program B, 2d Pass)
Translation No. 9: a machinetranslation (Machine
Program ... significantly inferior
to human translations 1 and 4, and machine transla-
tion 9 is significantly inferior to machine translations
5 and 7. However, human translations 1 and 4 are in
no case ... monolinguals’ mean in-
telligibility ratings of the 144 sentences in each of six trans-
lations. Translations 1, 4, and 2 are human translations;
Translations 7, 5, and 9 are machine translations....
...
References
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count (section 4), and we show that translating...
... of Germany
ABSTRACT
There have been various attempts at
using the sublanguage notion for disambi-
guation and the selection of target language
equivalents inmachine translation. In this ... the
sublanguage notion for solving some of the
notorious problems inmachinetranslation
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In the following, I shall ... Zimmermann
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Computer-Aided and Machi-
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Saar-
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... the domain of interest is the
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...
ABSTRACT
In this paper we provide an abstract
characterisation of different kinds of robust
processing inMachineTranslation and Natural
Language Processing systems in terms of the kinds
of ... MACHINETRANSLATION
This paper is an attempt to provide part
of the basis for a general theory of robust
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existing solutions. We discuss two possible
approaches to this, emphasising the need to
correct or repair processing malfunctions.
ROBUST PROCESSING IN MACHINE...
... paper is one in a series which describes
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lation (MT) at The RAND Corporation. Postediting
follows mechanical partial translationin the research ...
articles a and an are not distinguished.
Connections: of, to, by, with, than, as, in, on. English
connecting words must be inserted in the absence of a
Russian equivalent, in two kinds of context ... adverb.
In constructions utilizing a modal (e.g., можно,
легко) plus an infinitive, the infinitive is considered the
main element in the clause and is said to govern the
modal. In such constructions,...
... generally tackled
in the translation into Bulgarian, since it is a
language usually providing a series of forms for a
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Bulgarian)....
... judgments in
its rankings of five Chinese-to-English machine
translation systems, and in its ability to distinguish
between human and machine translations. Bleu’s
correlation with human judgments has ... illustrated in the 2005 NIST
Machine Translation Evaluation and our experi-
ment manually evaluating Systran and SMT trans-
lations.
What conclusions can we draw from this?
Should we give up on using ... automatic evalu-
ation metrics work is to compare the output of a
machine translation system against reference hu-
man translations. Machinetranslation evaluation
metrics differ from other metrics that...
... phrase-based machinetranslation system.
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Yang Liu, Haitao Mi, Yang Feng, and Qun Liu. 2009.
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