... expressions containing the word “dog” inEnglishandVietnamese by Tu, Dao Thanh (2007), aimed at studying idiomatic expressions containing the word “dog” inEnglishand compare with those inVietnamese ... that an idiom is a combination of Page | 18 words that has a meaning that is different from the meanings of the individual words themselves It can have a literal meaning in one situation anda ... numerical idioms and 87 Vietnamese numerical idioms In this study, only EnglishandVietnamese idioms containing cardinal number from one (1) to nine (9) are selected and analyzed Page | 30 Because...
... illocutionary act and perlocutionnary act * Locutionary act: Are sentences that conform to the phonological and grammatical convention of the language AVietnamese production of “Bonjour madam” will ... successful interpretation by an addressee of a speaker’s intent in performing a linguistics act” (Georgia M Green, Natural Language Understanding, p.1) Anda linguistics act” is controlled by certain ... advisable, advisable, yes or no and inadvisable” And the last is conducted with the aim to studyin specific situations There are two main situations set and ask informants to give their ideas...
... out an act A speech act is an act that a speaker performs when making an utterance, including the following: a general act (illocutionary act) that a speaker performs, analyzable as including ... II.4 Coding of the data and mode of data analysis In this study, a response was everything an informant said in responding to a situation in order to make a gift offer or a response to a gift ... are available in both American andVietnamese informants - Only 2/4 strategies are used by both groups of informants in communicating with all partners: giving reason for refusal and negating the...
... whom 26 are Australian, are British and the rest is from English speaking world such as New Zealand, Canada, America, etc English is used as target language and its variants, namely American English, ... instructions and explanation inVietnamese to avoid any misunderstanding and ambiguity Afterwards, all the papers of questionnaire were collected carefully to ensure the quantity of data 2.5 Data analysis ... understanding of crosscultural communication in general, redundancy and lexico modal markers in particular In fact, the findings reconfirm N.Quang‟s conclusion that redundancy is a popular phenomenon...
... OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST – GRADUATE STUDIES - - HOÀNG THỊ MỴ ON THE ECONOMICALITY AND REDUNDANCY IN REQUESTING INENGLISHAACROSS – CULTURALSTUDY ND VIETNAMESE ... Participants 18 2.3 Data collection instrument 19 2.4 Data collection procedures 20 2.5 Data analysis methods and procedures 20 CHAPTER 3: FINDINGS AND ... DISCUSSION 22 3.1 The popularity of economicality and redundancy in requesting 22 3.2 The link between the addresser’s/ addressee’s gender and relative age and the use of lexico modal...
... To contribute to promoting cross- cultural awareness among foreign language teachers and learners was well as other potential interactants in cross- cultural communication In brief, this paper aimed ... certain variables such as age, the addresser’s/ addressee’s gender and relative age inEnglishandVietnamese - To compare and contrast the range of lexico modal markers or modality markers constituting ... publication The practical approaches are - Studying relevant publications - Conducting survey questionnaires - Analyzing the collected data - Resorting to personal observations and experience - Consulting...
... There are two sections in the questionnaire: section Aand section B Section A aims at gaining personal information, such as age, gender, and area of living This information is used as the parameters ... communicative strategies which are expressed by American -Vietnamese confirming and negating expressions 1.5 Confirmation and negation as a speech act 1.5.1 Confirmation as a speech act Confirmation can be ... expressing confirming and negating verbally have been considered valuable in communication Aims of the study This research aims to: provide an overview of confirming and negating in American and Vietnamese...
... 2.5 Coding and data analysis Data were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively In the qualitative analysis, CR data was coded according to the strategies which are mainly based on Herbert‟s ... methodology in terms of sampling, instrumentation, data collection, and data analysis Chapters reports and discuss the main findings according to research questions The final part summaries the main issues ... naturally occurring data Despite the advantages of the DCT, such as allowing for control of situational and social variables and gathering a large amount of data from several groups within a...
... as a system of interpersonal relation designed to facilitate interaction by minimizing the potential for conflict and confrontation inherent in all human interchange” As all linguistic actions ... misinterpretations and misunderstandings can arise and even result ina total breakdown of communication This can also lead to confusion, anger, disappointment and culture shock as an inevitable consequence ... limitation of time and material, the study only concentrates on investigating strategies of expressing satisfaction inEnglishandVietnamesein some certain situations together with some typical...
... direct interviews The questionnaire includes main parts: Part was for getting general information on the informants, including nationality, age, gender, occupation and acquisition of foreign languages ... Table 6: Realization of strategies used by VietnameseandEnglish informants according to their language acquisition Vietnamese findings: A noticeable point from the Vietnamese findings is that ... the VietnameseandEnglish informants will be compared, contrasted and concluded in terms of their parameters, particularly age, gender, living place, occupation and language acquisition Age:...
... Cambridge University Press 15 Green, G M (1989), Pragmatics and Natural Language Understanding, USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc 16 Halliday, M .A. K (1974), Language and Social Man, London: ... their confirmation and negation The Americans prefer On- Record strategies (ie Bald On- Record and Joking), while the Vietnamese are more in favor of Off-Record strategies (ie Asserting condition and ... communicative strategies The Americans are similar to Vietnamesein attempts to show their confirmation and negation directly by using "Bald On- Record" strategy However, the Americans andVietnamese have...
... for data analysis The study is also restrained to verbal aspects of the act of expressing annoyance only No matter how important non-verbal aspects such as paralanguage and extra-language are, ... direct interviews The questionnaire includes main parts: Part was for getting general information on the informants, including nationality, age, gender, occupation and acquisition of foreign languages ... expressing annoyance verbally inEnglishandin Vietnamese? (2) What are similarities and differences in the choice of strategies in verbal expressions of annoyance inEnglishandVietnamese culture?...
... happiness, good health and big success.” What was wrong in that situation? The American teacher was completely reasonable in his behavior and there was nothing grammatically wrong in the monitor’s words ... misunderstandings Why does communication breakdown may occur in cross- cultural communication? Why are many utterances grammatically correct but communicatively and culturally meaningless? This is mainly ... Englishcross – cultural differences in expressing surprise M A Thesis VNU – CFL Hanoi 13 Hoang, N.H (1998) Across – culturalstudyon thanking and responding to thanks inEnglishand Vietnamese...
... (1998) .A crossculturalstudy of thanking and responding to thanks inEnglishandVietnamese M .A Thesis CFL, VNU Nguyễn Như Trang (2009) Vietnamese- Australian cross- culturalstudyon hiding feelings ... dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics (2nd edition) UK: Longman Samovar, L., Porter, R & Jain, N (1981) Understanding intercultural communication Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Samovar, ... Politeness), as well as Directness- Indirectness Due to the limitation of time and material, the study only concentrates on investigating strategies of expressing satisfaction inEnglishandVietnamese in...
... surrounding and things that add meaning to a message” In this sense, communication is considered a transactional process of creating and sharing meaning, through verbal and non-verbal behavior, ... Offering Accepting Refusing Accepting +greeting Reminding Thanking Agreeing +promising Agreeing + Thanking Greeting + Thanking Thanking + Questioning Complaining Agreeing +thanking + Promising ... of Vietnameseanda non – native speaker of English Basing on personal observations of different interactions between Vietnameseand native speakers of English as well as on the basis of what Vietnamese...
... reply a greeting in their own language - to compare and contrast replying strategies inEnglishandVietnamesein order to bring about the similarities and differences in the way VietnameseandEnglish ... One of the most important parts in almost every conversation is greeting which generally plays an important role in communication and functions as a start of a conversation or indentify the appearance ... dialect and the English language spoken in Great Britain are chosen for contrastive analysis - Conducting survey questionnaires enables the author to collect the data from a large population ina short...
... strategies in verbal communication: Vietnamese judges and American ones? To contribute to raise cross- cultural awareness in using verbal cues for foreign language teachers and learners as well as ... by Vietnameseand American judges are drawn from detailed and critical analysis of data Part C: CONCLUSION Summary of the major findings and suggestions for further research are mentioned in ... in Intercultural Education and Language Learning, 16, pp.1-20, St Paul 24 Karen Risager (2006) Language and Culture: Global Flows and Local Complexity, Multilingual Matters LTD, Canada 25 Kramsch...
... universals in language usage Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Cao, T H (2009) Hiding bad feelings in daily conversations in American andVietnamese University of Languages and International ... What is Politeness? 16 2.4.3 Politeness strategies (PSs) 16 2.4.4 Relation of sandwich feedback and politeness 20 2.5 Vietnameseand American cross- cultural SFC CHAPTER 3: DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS ... to standard Englishand standard Kurdish Amores, M J (2007) Use of politeness strategies as a factor in peer editing in the foreign language classroom Paper presented at the Northeast Conference,...
... general and hand gestures including handshaking in particular A handshake and the ways of shaking hands can provide you with as much information about your interactant as a psychological profile ... subjects) PART A - INTRODUCTION Rationale Language is an important part of our functional activity and we indicate, often in diagrammatic form, the varying communication patterns used in meetings and ... in crosscultural communication Part C - CONCLUSION Summary Greeting gestures, as far as concerned, play an important part in human communication as it helps to establish and maintain relationship...
... the American’s space The American, naturally, takes a step backward The Vietnamese wants to show his friendliness, so steps forward again, the American steps backward…again and again, create “conversation ... demonstrating that the hand holds no weapon Hand-clapping (applause) Applause (Latin applause, to strike upon, clap) is primarily the expression of approval by the act of clapping, or striking the palms ... me have a general and detailed analysis about using gestures of American andVietnamese people in real life compared to information collected from Internet and other materials By that way, a comparison...