... 2007.
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2007 Association for Computational Linguistics
A ComparativeStudyofParameterEstimationMethodsfor
Statistical NaturalLanguageProcessing
Jianfeng Gao
*
, Galen Andrew
*
, Mark Johnson
*&
, ... place.
1 Introduction
Parameter estimation is fundamental to many sta-
tistical approaches to NLP. Because of the
high-dimensional nature ofnatural language, it is
often easy to generate an ... is a version of Boosting with
Lasso (L
1
) regularization. We first investigate
all of our estimators on two re-ranking tasks: a
parse selection task and alanguage model
(LM) adaptation task....
... ComparativeStudyof Target Dependency Structures
for Statistical Machine Translation
Xianchao Wu
∗
, Katsuhito Sudoh, Kevin Duh
†
, Hajime Tsukada, Masaaki Nagata
NTT Communication Science Laboratories, ... Corporation
2-4 Hikaridai Seika-cho, Soraku-gun Kyoto 619-0237 Japan
wuxianchao@gmail.com,sudoh.katsuhito@lab.ntt.co.jp,
kevinduh@is.naist.jp,{tsukada.hajime,nagata.masaaki}@lab.ntt.co.jp
Abstract
This ... grammar (HPSG) (Pol-
lard and Sag, 1994; Sag et al., 2003) parser, Enju
1
(Miyao and Tsujii, 2008) and (2) a state -of- the-art
CCG parser
2
(Clark and Curran, 2007). The moti-
vation of this paper...
... Micciulla, and J.
Makhoul. 2006. Astudyof translation edit rate
with targeted human annotation. In Proceeding of
AMTA.
T. Takezawa, E. Sumita, F. Sugaya, H. Yamamoto,
and S. Yamamoto. 2002. ... Toward a broad-coverage
bilingual corpus for speech translation of travel
conversations in the real world. In Proceeding of
LREC-2002, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
D. Xiong, Q. Liu and ... Ward, and W J. Zhu.
2002. BLEU: a method for automatic evaluation of
machine translation. In Proceeding of ACL-2002,
pp. 311-318.
A. I. Rosti, N. F. Ayan, B. Xiang, S. Matsoukas, R.
Schwartz...
... STRUCTURE AND SOME MAJOR LINGUISTIC FEATURES
OF THE INTERNATIONAL DECLARATION ON HUMAN RIGHTS
3.1 Definition of an International Declaration 10
3.2 Purposes and typical legal characteristics of the ... Declaration and its realization 13
3.3.2.2 Remarks 14
a, Use of Grammar 14
a1 . Modality 14
a2 . Use of Active / Passive voices 14
a3 . Sentence order 15
a4 . Length of sentences 15
a5 . Kinds of sentences ... Convention and its realization 23
4.3.2.2 Remarks 26
a, Use of Grammar 26
a1 . Modality 26
a2 . Use of Active/ Passive voices 27
a3 . Sentence order 27
a4 . Length of sentences 27
a5 . Kinds of sentences...
... use and
language learning, and is therefore of great importance to language teachers. Traditionally,
language teaching has concentrated on pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary, and while ...
indirectly'; 'to and from'; 'at the time of ratification or at any time thereafter'; 'any Contracting
State or any national ofa Contracting State'. They are effective ... clause) is a group of words that has a subject
and a verb. As it is a part ofa sentence but grammatically independent, it could stand alone as a
main clause. The writer try to take full advantage...
... from all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual
abuse. For these purposes, States Parties shall in particular take all appropriate national,
bilateral and multilateral measures to prevent:
(a) ... pornographic performances and materials.
Article 35
States Parties shall take all appropriate national, bilateral and multilateral measures to prevent
the abduction of, the sale of or traffic ...
(d) Make educational and vocational information and guidance available and accessible to all
children;
(e) Take measures to encourage regular attendance at schools and the reduction of drop-out...
... Vietnamnet)
19
1 Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Rationale
Language and culture are interdependent and interactional. Culture affects the way language
is used and language may reflect many factors of ... to view Americans as unemotional and cold. Meanwhile, it is believed
that Americans are much more direct than Asians, particularly Vietnamese. As a result,
Vietnamese who appreciate and consider ... that this paper will have some contributions to the
study of cross-cultural communication between America and Vietnam.
1.2 Aims of the study
The aims of this paper are:
+ To study cultural aspects...
... primary differential
tests for atypical Mycobacteria.
Statistical analysis
As no single gold standard was available for
comparison of the performance of the individual
tests, an analysis of results ... 2005
Aug; 9(8): 877-83.
KAVITA MODI – PAREKH ET AL
CHANCHAL SINGH MEMORIAL AWARD - 2006
The Tuberculosis Association of India awards every year a cash
prize of Rs. 1000/- to a medical graduate ... Journal of Tuberculosis
A COMPARATIVESTUDYOF THE DIAGNOSIS OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
USING CONVENTIONAL TOOLS AND POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION*
Original Article
Kavita Modi – Parekh
1
, Vikas Inamdar
...
... Mechanisms of accumulation of arachidonate in phosphatidylinositol
in yellowtail
A comparativestudyof acylation systems of phospholipids in rat and the fish
species
Seriola quinqueradiata
Tamotsu ... quinqueradiata
Tamotsu Tanaka, Dai Iwawaki, Masahiro Sakamoto, Yoshimichi Takai, Jun-ichi Morishige,
Kaoru Murakami and Kiyoshi Satouchi
Department of Applied Biological Science, Fukuyama University, Japan
It ... the large amounts
of docosahexaenoic acid in yellowtail
Lipids from yellowtail have a preponderance of docosa-
hexaenoic acid over arachidonic acid. In fact, docosahexa-
enoic acid and arachidonic...
... Castilla-La Mancha,
Extremadura)
8.4
PL4 Polnoc
Zachodni
39.4
ES5 Este (Catalu a, Comunidad Valenciana,
Baleares)
8.2
PL5 Poludniowo
Zachodni
46.2
ES6 Sur (Andaluc a, Murcia, Ceuta y Melilla) ... 40.0
ES7 Canarias 23.4
Greece
GR 1 Voreia Ellada (Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki,
Kentriki Makedonia, Dyttiki Macedonia,
Thessalia)
21.1
GR2 Kentriki Ellada (Ipeiros, Ionia Nisia, Dytiki
Ellada, ... subgroups.
In each of the datasets mentioned above, much attention has been paid to the comparability of
data among countries. Nevertheless, an international comparison of survey data is always more...
... years ADS
have seen a lot of progress and have attracted the
research community’s and industry’s interest.
There is a number of available ADS, apply-
ing state of the art techniques for adaptation ... is a variation of SARSA(λ) that uses
the least squares method to find the optimal pol-
icy. Incremental Actor Critic (IAC) (Bhatnagar
et al., 2007) and Natural Actor Critic (NAC) (Pe-
ters et al., ... i.e. a disconnected MDP. This can be
avoided by making sure that each action is avail-
able at some state and that each state has at least
one available action. We should now define the
necessary...
... lists available at ScienceDirect
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/snb
Comparative studyof nanocrystalline SnO
2
materials for gas sensor application:
Thermal ... application:
Thermal stability and catalytic activity
R.G. Pavelko
a, ∗
, A. A. Vasiliev
a
, E. Llobet
a
, X. Vilanova
a
, N. Barrabés
b
, F. Medina
b
, V.G. Sevastyanov
c
a
University Rovira i Virgili, Department ... Department at the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (Tarragona, Spain).
His main areas of interest are in the design of semiconductor and carbon nanotube
based gas sensors and in the application of...