CD B, Track 5 Narrator: Listen to the following discussion about cloud seeding. Woman: The lack of rain in Florida has led to a renewed interest in the technology of cloud seeding. Have you heard of it before? Man: Yes, actually. We used to hear about it back in the ’70s and ’80s. That’s a good point. Why don’t they do that? Woman: Mainly because cloud seeding isn’t a proven science. While some scien- tists believe it works, there is no scientific proof that it does. Man: So what? It’s better than doing nothing, isn’t it? Woman: It’s expensive. The research has been very expensive and the act itself is expensive. They aren’t willing to take the effort and expense to do something they aren’t sure will work. The authorities in Florida don’t believe in it. Man: How is cloud seeding supposed to work, at least according to those who do believe in it? Woman: Here’s a diagram. The concept was created in 1946 by General Electric. An agent, usually silver iodide, is deposited into a convective cloud, which is the type of white fluffy cauliflower-shaped cloud that generally leads to a storm cloud. The agent provides a nuclei, or base, on which tiny water droplets can con- dense, and once there is enough condensation, the small droplets become larger droplets, then ice crystals, then snowflakes, and ultimately rain. Man: Don’t they use it for agricultural purposes in the Midwest? They think it works. Woman: They do, but not everybody is convinced. Man: It sure seems worth it to me to do whatever it takes to stop wildfires. 34. Narrator: What does the woman say has led to a new interest in cloud seeding? 35. Narrator: Does the man indicate that he has heard of cloud seeding before? 36. Narrator: Why isn’t cloud seeding used to combat dry conditions? 37. Narrator: What does the man imply should be done? 38. Narrator: What is the correct order of the process for seeding a cloud? 410 CliffsTestPrep TOEFL CBT For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 39. Narrator: According to the speaker, into what is the iodide deposited? 40. Narrator: According to the woman, what is a nuclei? Practice Test 5 Part A CD B, Track 6 1. Woman: We’ve already seen both of these movies, haven’t we? Man: I’m not sure. Who’s in the action one? Woman: Let’s see, uh, George Clooney. Oh yeah, we saw it in a hotel. How about this one? Man: Fine. Narrator: What do the speakers think of the two movies they are discussing? 2. Man: I think Ellen is going to enter the doctorate program in linguistics. Woman: Don’t be so sure. She’s been looking into the English literature program. Man: Oh, I didn’t know that. Narrator: What does the woman say about Ellen’s plans? 3. Woman: I thought Michael was as tall as Josh, but it looks like he’s a finger shorter. Man: They were the same height, but Josh has grown a bit. Woman: Actually, the doctor says Michael isn’t finished yet. Narrator: What do the speakers say about Josh and Michael? 411 Appendix: On the CDs For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 4. Man: There’s no way I’ll pass the test. I haven’t had a chance to study at all. Woman: You hardly studied last time, and you did fine. Man: But that time, I was at least in a study group, so I was exposed to everything. Narrator: What does the man imply about his lack of study for the test? 5. Man: This is the most favorable of all the lots available. Woman: Do you think there’s room for the building, parking, and water retention? Man: Probably, but anyway, we would make the contract contingent on your ability to build the building you need. Narrator: What does the man seem to think about the lot they are discussing? 6. Man: You used to get away to your cottage quite a bit, as I recall. Are you still able to go as often with your new job? Woman: Seldom. I hope that changes soon, though. Man: It’s a beautiful place, and it’s a shame not to be able to relax there. Narrator: What does the woman say about her cottage? 7. Woman: Michelle is considering attending the University of North Florida in Jacksonville. Man: Really? I thought she was already registered at the University of Miami. Woman: That’s true, but she decided she didn’t want to be so far from home. Narrator: What does the woman say about Michelle? 412 CliffsTestPrep TOEFL CBT For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 8. Woman: This is the last straw. I have yet to see that new employee offer to help anybody or do anything but sit there reading her novel. Man: I’m glad you realize it. It was bugging me, too. Narrator: What do the speakers imply about the new employee? 9. Woman: I’m going to start the research to do the optional paper. Professor Adams says he’ll throw out one test grade and replace it with the grade for a paper, right? Man: Yeah, that’s what he said, and I’m going to do it, too. Narrator: What are the speakers thinking of doing? 10 . Woman: I heard you dropped geometry. Is that right? Man: I just couldn’t follow it. I needed something more basic. Narrator: What do the speakers say that the man did? 11. Man: You’ve been to the races before, haven’t you? Woman: No, not once. Man: Oh, I must be thinking of someone else. Narrator: What does the woman say about the races? 12 . Man: Allison, did you get Nadia to work for you on Wednesday? Woman: She couldn’t, but Dana might be able to. Man: I’m sure somebody will be able to cover for you. Narrator: What had the man assumed? 413 Appendix: On the CDs For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 13 . Man: I haven’t seen Christopher at a coin club meeting for a while. Woman: He stopped coming because he said it was boring. Man: He used to find it interesting. People sure do change. Narrator: According to the woman, why hasn’t the man seen Christopher? 14 . Woman: Why don’t you let me help you with that? Man: I can do it. It’s just going to take a little more time. Woman: I don’t know why you’re so stubborn. Narrator: What does the woman imply about the man? 15 . Man: I’ve been trying to figure out this program for hours. Woman: Why not try reading the manual? Man: That would be too easy. No, you’re right. I guess it’s time. Narrator: What does the woman suggest that the man do? Part B CD B, Track 7 Narrator: Listen to the following speech about coral reefs. Woman: This is a coral reef, which is a very important part of our environment, not just for our personal enjoyment, but for many other reasons as well. Coral reefs have suffered greatly in recent years, but they are making a comeback, thanks in part to a group of volunteers who make it their business to monitor and nurture them. The United States has 425,000 acres of coral reefs, the majority of which are in Hawaii. Generally, coral grows about one inch a year. Besides providing a habitat for lobsters, fish, and other sea life, coral reefs are important because they are used for bone grafts, for developing pesticides, and for providing natural break- waters to protect coasts from erosion. They are also a natural source of beauty. 414 CliffsTestPrep TOEFL CBT For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org Besides careless treatment by tourists and officials, one major problem for coral reefs is the result of environmental changes. In 1998, El Niño caused the warmest ocean temperatures ever recorded, resulting in the death of necessary algae and, ultimately, the bleaching of the coral itself. The natural color of healthy coral reefs comes from the algae, but the death of the algae bleaches them white. The fact that the damage generally appears closer to the surface is further proof that higher temperatures are the cause of the problem. Because of the tremendous importance of coral reefs, the U.S. government has funded numerous projects to assist in bringing damaged reefs back to life. We aren’t out of the woods yet, but things are looking up for the reefs and the natural inhabitants of them. In 1998, it was determined that 15 percent of the world’s reefs were dead, but lately, some have recovered. As the reefs recover, the inhabi- tants thrive again. 16 . Narrator: What does the woman say about the health of coral reefs since 1998? 17. Narrator: According to the woman, which of the following is not a reason why coral reefs are important? 18 . Narrator: What does the speaker describe as a major cause of coral reef death? 19 . Narrator: What does the speaker describe as the relationship between coral and algae? 20. Narrator: What has been done to improve the health of coral reefs? CD B, Track 8 Narrator: Listen to the following conversation about student housing. Man: Excuse me, I understand that this office helps students with housing. Is that right? Woman: Are you a student in the intensive English program? May I see your ID card? Um, yes, we can certainly help you. Where are you staying now? Man: I just arrived yesterday. I’m staying at the hotel across the street. Woman: Okay, please complete this form. Will you be living alone or do you have a family with you? Or, would you be interested in sharing housing? Man: Yes, I have a wife and child. They aren’t here yet, but they’ll be coming as soon as I am settled in. My daughter is 4. Woman: Okay, so you need a two-bedroom apartment, or would you prefer a house? Man: An apartment is fine, preferably close to school. 415 Appendix: On the CDs For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org Woman: We have two choices available. This two bedroom is two blocks from campus, but it doesn’t have central heat and air. There is a slot in the wall for a unit air conditioner if you want one. It’s $500 a month. Then, for $650 a month, there is this one. It’s in a modern apartment complex, about 10 minutes from the university by bicycle, but it’s closer to shopping, a movie theater, and other things. And the complex has a swimming pool and a Laundromat. Man: Could I see them both? I’m not sure which I would want at the moment. Sure I’d love to be closer to school, but my wife and daughter would probably like the benefits of the other one. Woman: Sure. We can go right now if you would like. 21. Narrator: Where is the man living currently? 22. Narrator: Who does the woman imply is eligible for help by her office? 23. Narrator: How does the woman seem to know the man is in the intensive English program? 24. Narrator: What size apartment does the man say he needs? 25. Narrator: What does the man seem to think is the most important difference between the two apartments the woman discusses? 26. Narrator: What does the woman imply is the biggest drawback of the less expensive apartment? CD B, Track 9 Narrator: Listen to the following talk about medical technology. Man: Computers, wireless technology, and other innovations have changed our lives in many ways. Someday, intrusive medical procedures may be replaced with new technology. For example, scientists have created a new camera that will re- mind you of a ride at Epcot Center. They have invented a capsule containing a tiny camera, which is placed within the body and allowed to move through it, gathering information as it goes. The most logical initial use for the camera is in the digestive system, since it has a beginning and an end, and the capsule will move through on its own. People with health problems in the esophagus, stomach, intestines, and colon cur- rently undergo invasive tests with instruments called endoscopes inserted through the nearest orifice. 416 CliffsTestPrep TOEFL CBT For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org Such internal views are necessary when looking for abnormal blood vessels, tu- mors, ulcers, lymphomas, and abnormalities of the various organ walls through which the endoscope passes. Skeptics point out that endoscopes have become very sophisticated and allow much more control than the capsule allows. For ex- ample, a doctor can back up and aim at a particular area with an endoscope, which will not be possible with the capsule. Endoscopes even provide the ability to per- form biopsies and other tests as well as surgical procedures, whereas the capsule will not permit that. But for simple viewing, endoscopes are uncomfortable, so this new technology is believed to be a less intrusive choice. The capsule, no larger than a medicinal capsule, will be swallowed by the patient and will light its way with built-in lights. It will transmit video images in color as it progresses through the body. The video that it records can be up to five hours long and is later downloaded to a computer for viewing. 27. Narrator: Why does the speaker indicate that the digestive system is the best place for the new technology? 28. Narrator: For which of the following items would the capsule not be helpful? 29. Narrator: What is the main reason that some scientists believe the capsule would be helpful? 30. Narrator: Which of the following does the speaker imply would not be part of the capsule? 31. Narrator: Which of the following does the speaker imply is true? CD B, Track 10 Narrator: Listen to the following conversation about Canavan Disease. Man: I see that your husband is a Jew from Ashkenazi descent. Has he ever been tested for Canavan Disease? Woman: What’s that? Man: An inherited, degenerative disease, found most frequently among Jewish families of Ashkenazi descent. Children with the disease are severely disabled, both mentally and physically, and have limited life spans. Generally, they can’t sit, crawl, walk, or speak. They have very limited ability to move their hands, to play, or to perform the simplest of tasks. They gradually lose the ability to see and to swallow food. The disease affects the white matter of the brain, causing spongy degeneration. Victims can’t generate myelin, the white matter that insulates the nerve cell processes, much like the covering of electrical wires, which is neces- sary for normal brain function. 417 Appendix: On the CDs For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org Myelin is a substance made up of proteins and lipids. Its function is to protect nerves and allow messages to be sent to and from the brain. The white matter de- teriorates because patients have a deficiency in a critical enzyme, which leads to the accumulation of a damaging chemical in the brain. It is not exactly known how this chemical imbalance causes the destruction of myelin. Woman: I’ve never heard of anything like this at all. And my husband has never mentioned it. Man: Do you know your own heritage? You’re Jewish too, aren’t you? Woman: Yes, I am. But I don’t know any details like my husband does. Man: The disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Both of the parents of an affected child are carriers of an altered gene on Chromosome 17, which is responsible for synthesizing the problematic enzyme. A parent who is a carrier is healthy because he or she has one functional copy of the gene, which produces a sufficient amount of the enzyme. A child who receives two altered copies of the gene, one from each parent, is unable to produce any of the enzyme and will de- velop the symptoms of the disease. So if only your husband is a carrier, there’s no problem. Only if both of you are carriers do we have to worry. DNA testing of Ashkenazi Jewish couples can tell whether each parent is a carrier with more than 97 percent certainty. If both parents are carriers, there is a 25 percent chance with each pregnancy that the child will have Canavan Disease. Woman: Oh, this is terrible. I’m afraid. Man: I’m sorry. I’m only trying to take precautions. If the two of you were carri- ers and had children, that would be much more unpleasant, believe me. Woman: No, I’m sorry. I do appreciate your concern. We’ll be happy to participate. Thank you. 32. Narrator: What appears to be the woman’s level of knowledge of Canavan Disease? 33. Narrator: According to the man, which of the following is possibly a carrier of the illness? 34. Narrator: How does the man indicate that the disease affects the body? 35. Narrator: Why does the man want to know the woman’s cultural background? 36. Narrator: What is the woman’s demeanor at the end of the discussion? 37. Narrator: What does the gene on Chromosome 17 do? 418 CliffsTestPrep TOEFL CBT For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org Practice Test 6 Part A CD B, Track 11 1. Man: Where is Donna? I had expected her to be here this morning. Woman: She was called away due to a family emergency. Man: When will she be back? Woman: She didn’t say, but I imagine she will call soon. Narrator: Why does the woman say Donna is not present? 2. Woman: Are you going to the meeting at the library tonight? Man: I may. Woman: Well, I’m going. Maybe I’ll see you there. Narrator: What does the man mean? 3. Man: Had Jim submitted his application earlier, he could have gotten financial aid. Woman: He always puts things off till the last minute. Narrator: What does the man mean? 4. Woman: I didn’t pay as much for my books this semester as I did last semester. Man: How’d you manage that? Prices are always higher. Woman: I found a used book outlet. You have to be careful to get the right edition, but I found several and saved quite a bit. Narrator: What does the woman mean? 419 Appendix: On the CDs For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org . do? 418 CliffsTestPrep TOEFL CBT For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org Practice Test 6 Part A CD B, Track. home. Narrator: What does the woman say about Michelle? 412 CliffsTestPrep TOEFL CBT For more material and information, please visit Tai Lieu Du Hoc at www.tailieuduhoc.org 8.