[...]... Management ■ Edge Distribution—A distribution layer out to the WAN ■ Server Farm—For Enterprise services CCNP BSCI This early model was a good starting point, but it failed to address key issues, such as: [6] CCNP BSCI Quick Reference Figure 1-3 The Enterprise Composite Model Campus Backbone B CCNP BSCI Campus Backbone A CORE Building Distribution A Building Distribution B 1st Floor Access Building... core switches link the various buildings together This same three-layer hierarchy can be used in the WAN with a central headquarters, division headquarters, and units [4] CCNP BSCI Quick Reference Figure 1-2 Three-Layer Network Design CCNP BSCI Core Distribution Access The layers break a network in the following way: ■ Access layer—End stations attach to the network using low-cost devices ■ Distribution... ] CCNP Quick Reference Icons Used in This Book Router Wireless Router VPN Concentrator File Server PC Relational Database IP Phone Access Server Network Cloud, White Serial Line Connection Multilayer Switch Ethernet Connection Switch Laptop PIX Firewall [ xxiii ] Command Syntax Conventions The conventions used to present command syntax in this book are the same conventions used in the IOS Command Reference. .. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) ■ Database transactions ■ Multicast multimedia ■ Network management ■ Other traffic, such as web pages, e-mail, and file transfer Service Provider Edge [8] CCNP BSCI Quick Reference CCNP BSCI Cisco routers are able to implement filtering, compression, prioritization, and policing Except for filtering, these capabilities are referred to collectively as QoS Note The best... converged network and attached end systems ■ Interactive Services—Resources allocated to applications ■ Applications—Includes business policy and logic CCNP BSCI Virtualization provides flexibility in configuration and management [ 10 ] CCNP BSCI Quick Reference Figure 1-6 IIN and SONA Phase 3 – Integrated Applications (“application aware”) Phase 2 – Integrated Services (virtualized resources) Phase... Worksheet for Calculating VoIP Bandwidth 260 An Example for G.711, No Compression over Ethernet, 20 ms Samples 260 Implementing IP Telephony 261 Configuring Cisco Routers to Support VoIP 262 [ xx ] CCNP Quick Reference Chapter 3 QoS Overview 264 Bandwidth 264 Delay and Jitter 265 Packet Loss Issues 266 Defining QoS Requirements for Network Traffic QoS Models 266 267 Best Effort 267 IntServ 267 DiffServ...[x] CCNP Quick Reference PIM Sparse-Dense Mode 73 Configuring Multicast Routing and PIM Auto-RP 73 PIM Version 2 IGMP 74 74 IGMP Version 1 75 IGMP Version 2 75 IGMP Version 3 75 CGMP 75 IGMP Snooping 75 Verifying... Trunking Protocol (VTP) VTP Switch Roles VTP Pruning 107 108 108 109 Configuring VTP 109 Verifying and Monitoring VTP Troubleshooting VTP 110 111 Adding a New Switch to a VTP Domain 111 92 [ xii ] CCNP Quick Reference Chapter 3 Spanning Tree 112 Understanding the Spanning Tree Protocol Spanning Tree Election Criteria The STP Election 113 114 Root Bridge Election Root Port Election 114 115 Designated... 802.11a Standard 143 802.11g Standard 144 Wireless Security 144 WPA/WPA2 Authentication 145 Cisco Wireless Network Components Cisco Unified Wireless Network Autonomous APs 146 145 145 138 [ xiv ] CCNP Quick Reference Lightweight Access Points 146 Wireless LAN Antennas 147 Gain 148 Directionality 148 Multipath Distortion 148 EIRP 148 Power over Ethernet (PoE) Switches Configuring Wireless LAN Devices... PPPoA 184 Configuring DSL CPE 184 Configuring PPPoE CPE 184 Configuring PPPoA CPE 187 Troubleshooting ADSL 188 Troubleshooting ADSL at Layer 1 Troubleshooting ADSL at Layer 2 188 188 182 [ xvi ] CCNP Quick Reference Chapter 3 Frame Mode MPLS 190 Cisco Express Forwarding MPLS Routers MPLS Labels 191 191 193 Label Distribution and Label Tables Penultimate Hop Popping 194 Configuring Frame Mode MPLS Enabling . Press 800 East 96th Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA CCNP Quick Reference CCNP Quick Reference Denise Donohue, Brent Stewart, Jerold Swan Copyright®. regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. [ ii ] CCNP Quick Reference Publisher Paul Boger Associate Publisher Dave Dusthimer Cisco