vinh university foreign Languages department ===    === bïi yÕn nhi A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10 th form students at Nghi Loc III high school (nghiªn cøu vỊ viƯc sư dơng giáo cụ trực quan việc dạy ngữ pháp cho häc sinh líp 10 ë trêng trêng thpt nghi léc III) graduation thesis Field: English Teaching Methodology Vinh - 2011 vinh university foreign Languages department ===    === A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10 th form students at Nghi Loc III high school (nghiên cứu việc sử dụng giáo cụ trực quan việc dạy ngữ pháp cho học sinh lớp 10 ë trêng trêng thpt nghi léc III) graduation thesis Field: English Teaching Methodology Supervisor: bïi thÞ mai, m.a Student: bïi yÕn nhi, 48A - English Vinh - 2011 A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school ACKOWLEDGEMENTS For the completion of this work, I have been fortunate to receive the great help and useful advice from my teachers, my family as well as my friends First of all, I would like to express my profound gratitude and indebtedness to my supervisor - M.A Bui Thi Thanh Mai, who during the course of my writing has always been most willing to give enthusiastic instruction, excellent suggestions, expert advices, as well as to discuss with me the usefulness and validity of various sections of this work Furthermore, I also wish to convey my sincere thanks to the teachers of Foreign Language Department, Vinh University and my classmates for their suggestions, discussion and advices on the further reading in this area Last but not least, my sincere appreciation and thanks go to my family, my teachers and students at Nghi Loc III high school for their kind help and great contribution to my survey Vinh, May 10, 2011 Bui Yen Nhi Bùi Yến Nhi - 48A English i Foreign Languages Department A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school ABSTRACT Nowadays, in Vietnam, English is used more and more widely by both the young and the old Therefore, the teaching and learning of English have become more significant In any languages, grammar is considered one of the most essential elements of language We can hardly comprehend the meaning exactly if we not use grammar appropriately So poor knowledge of English grammar can effect both the learning and teaching of English This thesis has been written with the intention of recording my students’ and my own reflections on and reaction to the theme Visual Aids in Teaching and Learning Grammar during the course To know about the useful of visual aids in teaching grammar, this graduation paper limits itself to “A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the tenth form students at Nghi Loc III high school” Based on theoretical and practical findings, some kinds of visual aids and their use in teaching grammar will be introduced The study suggests one of the most effective and interesting ways in presenting, practicing and producing a grammatical structure It is hoped that this study may be useful for those who are seeking the teaching methods, which are aimed at improving the current English learning and teaching Bùi Yến Nhi - 48A English ii Foreign Languages Department A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKOWLEDGEMENTS i ABSTRACT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS .iii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .vii PART I INTRODUCTION 1 Justification of the Study Aims and Objectives of the Study Method of the Study .2 Scope of the Study Design of the Study PART II INVESTIGATION CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1.1 GRAMMAR 1.1.1 Definition of grammar 1.1.2 Grammatical Structures 1.1.3 View on Grammar Teaching 1.1.4 What need to be taught? .8 1.1.5 Principles for Teaching Grammar 1.1.6 Procedures for Teaching a New Structure 11 1.2 VISUAL AIDS 11 1.2.1 Definition 11 1.2.2 Roles of Visual Aids in language teaching 11 1.2.3 Roles of using Visual Aids in teaching grammar .14 Bùi Yến Nhi - 48A English iii Foreign Languages Department A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school 1.2.4 Types of Visual Aids 15 1.2.5 Criteria for choosing or making Visual Aids 26 1.2.6 Conclusion 27 CHAPTER 2: DATA ANALYSIS 28 2.1 INTRODUCTION OF THE SUBJECTS 28 2.1.1 Students, their background and learning conditions 28 2.1.2 Teachers and their working condition 29 2.2 THE PURPOSE AND THE CONTENT OF THE QUESTIONNAIRES 29 2.2.1 The purpose of questionnaires 29 2.2.2 The content of questionnaires .29 2.3 DATA ANALYSIS 30 2.3.1 Analysis of the data collected from students 30 3.3.2 Analysis of the data collected from the teachers 34 2.3.3 Findings 37 CHAPTER 3: TEACHING APPLICATION 39 3.1 AT THE PRESENTATION STAGE 39 3.1.1 Using the board 39 3.1.2 Using real objects .42 3.1.3 Using pictures .43 3.1.4 Using gestures- performance- facial expressions .47 3.2 AT THE PRACTICE STAGE 48 3.2.1 Using the board 48 3.2.2 Using real objects .51 3.2.3 Using word cards 53 3.2.4 Using pictures .55 Bùi Yến Nhi - 48A English iv Foreign Languages Department A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school 3.2.5 Using gestures- performance- facial expressions .59 3.3 AT THE PRODUCTION STAGE 60 3.3.1 Activities with board 61 3.3.2 Activities with real objects 63 3.3.3 Activities with cards 64 3.3.4 Activities with pictures .65 PART III CONCLUSION 68 Recapitulation and Implications 68 Suggestions for Further Studies 69 REFERENCES .68 APPENDIXES Bùi Yến Nhi - 48A English v Foreign Languages Department A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES I LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Analysis of the data collected from students Table 2: Analysis of the data collected from the teachers II LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: The chart about the students’ observation with the frequency of using visual aid of their teacher Figure 2.2: The chart about using of visual aids in teaching grammar Bùi Yến Nhi - 48A English vi Foreign Languages Department A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CLT: Communicative language teaching E.g: For example Etc: Et cetera i.e : That’s to say OHP: The Overhead Projector Bùi Yến Nhi - 48A English vii Foreign Languages Department A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school PART I INTRODUCTION Justification of the Study English has become an indispensable language in international communication as it is widely used in diplomacy, science, technology foreign trade, aviation and tourism It brings us chances to keep up with the development of the modern age Therefore, teaching and learning English, especially at upper secondary schools play a very important role in language acquisition However, the training quality is too low to meet demands of society It is partly because of the fact that the Grammar Translation Method that is still used widely at upper secondary schools Thus, it is necessary to apply new methods of teaching and learning to improve the situation The English language is completely different from Vietnamese language system so students have a lot of difficulties in learning and using English in gereral and grammartical structures in particular Meanwhile, grammartical structures are basic units to build up sentences, paragraphs and essays How to make grammar lessons more interesting How can we motivate students? The answers lie on teaching methods and the ways we exploit teaching materials Visual aids are widely accepted to be one of the most effective supplemental means of language teaching It makes language class more interesting and communicative If visual aids are made full use of, both teachers and students will benefit and results will be unexpected Therefore, in this study, we would like to give some suggestions for using visual aids effectively The effort of this study is try to give some contribution to improve the quality of teaching English at high school by “A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school” Bùi Yến Nhi - 48A English Foreign Languages Department ... of visual aids in teaching grammar, this graduation paper limits itself to ? ?A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the tenth form students at Nghi Loc III high school? ?? Based on theoretical... Languages Department A Study on using Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CLT: Communicative language teaching E.g: For example... Visual Aids to teach Grammar to the 10th form students at Nghi Loc III high school PART II INVESTIGATION CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1.1 GRAMMAR 1.1.1 Definition of grammar The term grammar