LECTURE NOTES ENGLISH 3 Prepared by NGUYEN TRI TUAN – NGUYEN TUAN KIET _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ UNIT TWO IN THE LIMELIGHT 1. LISTENING VOCABULARY: 1. perform /pC / fc:m/ (v): [intransitive or transitive] to do something in front of an audience in order to entertain them, for example by acting in a play or singing: biu din, trình din The opera was first performed in 1992: Nhc kch đc trình din ln đu tiên vào nm 1992. 2. public / / pVblIk / (n): people in general: công chúng, dân chúng The public is not allowed to enter the court room: Dân chúng không đc vào phòng x án. 3. professional / prC / feSCnl/ (adj): showing a high level of skill or training: chuyên nghip, nhà ngh After he won the amateur championship he turned professional: Sau khi giành đc chc vô đch nghip d anh ta chuyn sang chi chuyên nghip. 4. role / rCUl/ (n): the character played by a particular actor in a movie, play, etc: PART: vai din He won an Oscar for his role: Anh ta giành đc giI Oscar cho vai din ca mình. 5. nervous: feeling excited and worried, or slightly afraid: ANXIOUS: cng thng, lo lng, không n đnh Driving on icy mountain roads makes me nervous: Lái xe trên nhng con đng m t khin cho tôi lo lng. get nervous: I got very nervous waiting for my turn to be called: Tôi lo lng ch đI đn lt mình đc kêu tên. 6. accordion / C / kc:dICn/ (n): a musical instrument played by moving the ends of a box in and out while pressing KEYS and buttons. Someone who plays the accordion is called an accordionist: đàn tiu phong cm 7. chorus / / kc:rCs / (n): a group of singers and dancers who perform together in a show but who are not the main performers: hp xng a chorus line: mt dàn hp xng 8. solo / / sCUlCU / (n): playing or singing alone, not as part of a band, orchestra, etc.: đn ca, đc tu She is releasing a solo album: Cô ta sp phát hành mt an bum đn ca. 9. try out: phrasal verb [transitive] AMERICAN 10. try out for something to try to become a member of a team or get a part in a play or movie by showing someone how well you can play or perform: th ging Rita’s trying out for the school play again: Rita đang th vai đ tham gia vào v kch ca trng. 11. work on: [intransitive] to spend time trying to achieve something, especially when this involves using a great effort: n lc 12. hectic / / hektIk / (adj): full of busy activity: b bn, sôi ni Today was hectic: Hôm nay tht là b bn công vic. 1 LECTURE NOTES ENGLISH 3 Prepared by NGUYEN TRI TUAN – NGUYEN TUAN KIET _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. social life: noun [singular] 14. the time you spend enjoying yourself with friends: giao tip xã hi 2. VOCABULARY VOCABULARY: 1. audience / / c:dICns / (n): a group of people who have come to a place to see or hear a movie, performance, speech, etc. The people who watch a sports match or other large event are usually called spectators or the crowd: khán gi 2. lead singer: ca s hát chính 3. rehearsal /rI / hE:sl/ (n): noun [count or uncount] 4. an occasion when you practice for the performance of a play, concert, opera, etc: din tp, tp din mt v kch 5. orchestra / / c:kIstrC / (n): noun [count] 6. a large group of musicians using many different instruments to play mostly classical music. The person in charge of an orchestra is its conductor: ban nhc, dàn nhc 7. scene / si:n/ (n): a part of a play, book, movie, etc. in which events happen in the same place or period of time: cnh, đan (trong phim, kch, tiu thuyt….) 8. stage / steIdXZ/ (n): [count] the part of a theater where the actors or musicians perform: sân khu to go on stage: lên sân khu, lên sàn din 9. balcony / / bAlkCnI / (n): an upper floor in a theater that sticks out over the main floor: ban công 10. band / bAnd/ (n): a small group of musicians who play popular music such as jazz or rock: 11. a rock and roll band: ban nhc, nhóm nhc 12. calling / / kc:lIN / (n): a strong feeling that you must do a particular type of job, especially one that you consider morally good: ngh nghip thích hp, quan trng FORMAL a job or profession, especially one that you consider important: mt công vic, mt ngh nghip mà bn xem là quan trng 13. wind down: th giãn (nht là sau mt thI k cng thng hoc b kích thích). In The Know: Ü Madame Butterfly is an opera by Giacomo Puccini (1858 – 1924). It was written in 1903 and tells the tragic story of Japanese geisha who falls in love with and marries an American military officer. Madame Butterfly là mt v nhc kch ca tác gi Giacomo Puccini (1858 – 1924). V nhc kch này đc vit nm 1903 nói v câu chuyn bi đát ca mt geisha ngI Nht yêu và kt hôn vI mt s quan quân đI M. 2 LECTURE NOTES ENGLISH 3 Prepared by NGUYEN TRI TUAN – NGUYEN TUAN KIET _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ü Hansel and Gretel is an opera by Engelbert Humperdick (1854 – 1921). It was written in 1893 and based on the famous fairy tale about a brother and sister who get lost in a forest and are held captive by a witch. Hansel and Gretel là v nhc kch ca tác gi Engel Humperdick (1854 – 1921). V này đc vit vào nm 1893 và da vào nI dung ca câu chuyn c tích nI ting v hai anh em b lc vào trong mt khu rng và b mt m phù thy bt gi. Ü The Magic Flute was the last opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 – 1791) in 1791. It is said to be the opera that meant more to Mozart than any of his other compositions. The Magic Flute là v nhc kich sau cùng ca Wolfang Amadeus Mozart (1756 – 1791) đc sang tác vào nm 1791. NgI ta cho rng đây là v nhc kch có ý ngha nht đI vI Mozart hn bt k tác phm nào khác ca ông. 3. GRAMMAR (Tham khao theâm saùch Grammar Time) Present Perfect Simple v/s Present Perfect Continuous The Present Perfect Simple differs from the Present Perfect Continuous in: PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS 1. A one-moment action • I have cut my finger. 1. An on-going activity • I have been cutting the grass. 2. The activity stops after the moment of speaking and you are speaking about a result. • I have painted the room. (finished) 2. The activity started in the past and is continuing after the moment of speaking (so not finished). • I have been painting the room. (still to finish it) 3. To place more emphasis on the permanence of an action. • My family have always lived in the South. 3. Emphasize the temporary nature of the action. • My family have been living in the South, but we are moving to the North next month. 4. To talk about “how much…”, “how many times…”, “how many things…” • I have written 3 books. 4. To talk about “how long…” • She has been reading books on computer science for two months. 5. To express irritation • I have been waiting for them for hours. 4. READING VOCABULARY: 1. romantic /rCU / mAntIk/ (adj): making you have feelings of love and excitement: lãng mn nh tiu thuyt ö What could be more romantic than a wedding on a tropical island? Còn gì lãng mn hn là t chc đám cI trên mt hòn đo nhit đi? 2. fast-paced / fast peIst/ (adj): including a lot of different things happening quickly: nhiu vic xy ra nhanh chóng, trong bài này có ngha là bài hát có nhp nhnh 3 LECTURE NOTES ENGLISH 3 Prepared by NGUYEN TRI TUAN – NGUYEN TUAN KIET _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. tour /tUCr/ (n): a trip in which a person or group visits several different places in order to play or perform: chuyn lu din 4. lyric / / laIrIk / (n): the words of a song: lI bài hát 5. Cameroon / kAmC / ru:n/ (a,n): thuc v đt nc Camarun, ngI Camarun 6. tongue /tVN/ (n): a particular way of speaking or writing, language: lI nói chuyn, lI vit vn, ngôn ng ö What is your mother tongue?: Ting m đ ca anh là gì? (ngôn ng chính) ö a sharp tongue (=a severe and unkind way of speaking to people): She has a very sharp tongue: Co ta có li nói chuyn rt sc so. 7. melody / / melCdI / (n): a tune or song, especially a simple one: giai điu 8. harmony / / ho:mCnI / (n): musical notes that are sung or played at the same time, making a pleasant sound: hòa âm 9. rhythm / / rIDCm / (n): a regular pattern of sounds in music that you can show by moving, hitting your hands together, or hitting a drum or other surface: nhp điu, gõ nhp 10. recall / rI / kc:l/ (v): to remember something: nh lI, hI tng 11. the blues / DC blu:z/ (n): a type of slow and sad music that developed from the songs of black SLAVES in the southern U.S.: lai nhc Jazz bun chm bt ngun t nhng b lc da đen  min nam nc M 12. funk / fVNk/ (n): a type of music that developed in the late 1960s from SOUL and early ROCK AND ROLL, containing lively drum beats, repeated electric bass lines, and often singing: 13. reggae / / regeI / (n): a type of music that developed in Jamaica in the 1960s with songs about social and political subjects and heavy bass sounds: đây là mt lai nhc đc phát trin  Jamaica vào nhng nm 1960 vI nhng bài hát v ch đ xã hI và chính tr vI âm bass rt mnh 14. contract / / kOntrAkt / (n): a written legal agreement between two people or businesses that says what each must do for the other or give to the other: hp đng 15. acclaimed / C / kleImd/ (adj): publicly written and talked about in an admiring way: đc tha nhn, đc tán thng 16. festival / / festCvl / (n): a series of performances of movies, plays, music, or dancing that is usually organized in the same place at the same time each year: đI hi, liên hoan 6. LANGUAGE IN ACTION: COMPROMISES VOCABULARY: 1. presentation / pri:zen / teISn/ (n): [count] a formal talk in which you describe or explain something to a group of people: s trình bày 4 LECTURE NOTES ENGLISH 3 Prepared by NGUYEN TRI TUAN – NGUYEN TUAN KIET _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. article / / o:tIkl / (n): a piece of writing about a particular subject that is published in a newspaper or magazine: bài báo ö He has written several articles for The New York Times: Anh đã vit nhiu bài báo cho t New York Times. 3. honestly / / OnIstlI / (adv): in a way that is honest and moral: mt cách chân thành, mt cách thành tht Language Note: A compromise is an agreement about something which is acceptable to all people involved, although it is not exactly what each person wanted. For example, John wanted $6,000 for his car, but the price I wanted to pay was $5,000. Finally, after some discussion, we reached a compromised and agreed on $5,500. 7. READING VOCABULARY: 1. science fiction / / saICns / fIkSn / (adj): books and movies about imaginary future events and characters, often dealing with space travel and life on other planets. Science fiction is often called sci-fi: truyn khoa hc vin tng 2. childhood / tSaId / hu:d/ (n): the time of your life when you are a child: thI th u ö We spent our childhood in a small town in the mountains: Chúng tôi đã trãi qua thI th u  mt th trn nh  vùng đi núi. 3. filmmaker / film / meIkC/ (n): a movie director, especially an independent director who has full control over the movies he or she makes: nhà làm phim, đo din phim 4. screenplay / sri:n / pleI/ (n): a story someone writes for a movie: kch bn phim 5. blockbuster / / blOkbVstC / (n): something that is very successful, especially a movie, show, or novel: sách, phim… bán chy 6. reviewer / rI / vju:C/ (n): someone whose job is to write articles in a newspaper or magazine giving their opinion about a new play, book, art exhibition, etc: ngI vit bài đim sách 7. blend /blend/ (v): [intransitive] to be combined with other things in an attractive or effective way: kt hp hài hòa 8. suspense / sC / spens/ (n): [count or uncount] something that gets your attention and prevents you from concentrating on something else: tình trng hI hp 9. thriller / / TrIlC / (n): a book, play, or movie that tells an exciting story, especially about something dangerous like a crime: truyn, phim git gân 10. best seller (n): a book that many people buy: sách bán chy 11. at heart: used for saying what someone’s basic character is: v thc cht ö I’m really a country person at heart: Thc cht tôi ch là mt anh nhà quê. 5 LECTURE NOTES ENGLISH 3 Prepared by NGUYEN TRI TUAN – NGUYEN TUAN KIET _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. perpetual /pC / petSUCl/ (adj): happening so often that you become annoyed as a result: không ngt, liên miên 13. interest / / IntrCst / (n): [singular or uncount] a feeling of wanting to know about or take part in something: mI quan tâm 14. volcano / vOl / keInCU/ (n): a mountain that forces hot gas, rocks, ASH, and LAVA (=melted rock) into the air through a hole at the top. Some volcanoes are not immediately dangerous because they are not active and have become dormant. Others will never be dangerous again because they are completely extinct: núi la 15. balloon / bC / lu:n/ (n): a large strong bag filled with gas or hot air that can float in the air. Some balloons have a large basket hanging under them in which people can travel: khinh khí cu, qu bóng bay 16. comet / / kOmIt / (n): a bright object in space that has a tail of gas and dust: sao chi 17. aspect / / Aspekt / (n): [count] a particular part, feature, or quality of something: khía cnh, quan đim 18. item / / aItCm / (n): an individual thing, usually one of several things in a group or on a list: khon, món, mc 19. distraction / dIs / trAkSn/ (n): [count or uncount] something that gets your attention and prevents you from concentrating on something else: xao nhãng, s rI trí, s bI ri 20. bizarre / bI / zo:/ (adj): strange and difficult to explain: k l, k hoc 21. absolute / / AbsClu:t / (adj): used for emphasizing that something is the most or least possible in a particular situation: tuyt đI, hòan tòan 10. LISTENING & FOCUS ON GRAMMAR VOCABULARY: 1. risotto /ri / zOtCU/ (n): noun [count or uncount] a hot food made from rice, and sometimes other INGREDIENTS, cooked slowly in liquid: cm Ý 2. consist of / kCn / sIst Ov/ : (phrasal verb) [transitive] consist of something to be made of particular parts or things: gm có ö His breakfast consists of dry bread and a cup of tea: Ba đim tâm ca ông ta bao gm bánh mì khô và mt tách trà. 3. hydrogen / / haIdrCdZCn / (n): noun [uncount] a gas that has no color or smell and is lighter than air: mt cht khí không màu không mùi và nh hn không khí; khí Hydro 4. oxygen / / OksIdZCn / (n): noun [uncount] ** a gas in the air that has no smell or taste, and that all animals depend on to breathe: oxygen tanks: cht khí không mùi không màu, và tt c đng vt th khí này; khí Oxy 5. nitrogen / / naItrCdZCn / (n): noun [uncount] * a gas with no color or smell that exists in large quantities in the air that we breathe: khí Nit 6. calcium / / kAlsICm / (n): a white chemical element that is an important part of bones and teeth 6 LECTURE NOTES ENGLISH 3 Prepared by NGUYEN TRI TUAN – NGUYEN TUAN KIET _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ and is found in some types of rock: canxi 7. so far: cho đn gi 9. boxing / / bOksIN / (n): a sport in which two BOXERS fight by hitting each other while wearing large leather boxing gloves on their hands . They fight in a square area with ropes around it, called a boxing ring: quyn Anh 10. stand for: phrasal verb [transitive] stand for something if an abbreviation or a symbol stands for something, that is what it means or represents: vit tt ca ö The letters ER stand for Emergency Room: Ch ER vit tt ca Emergency Room. 11. keep on: [transitive] keep on doing something to continue doing something: tip tc làm công vic gì đó ö My sister kept on asking me question after question: Em gái tôi c ht hi cái này đn cái khác. 13. knock out: phrasal verb [transitive] a. to make someone unconscious: làm cho ai bt tnh b. to make someone leave a competition by defeating them: h nc ao ai trong mt trn đu 14. seismograph / / saIzmCgro:f / (n): an instrument used for measuring the strength of EARTHQUAKES: máy ghi đa chn 15. observe / Cb / zC:v/ (v): to watch or study someone or something with care and attention in order to discover something: quan sát, giám sát 16. measure / / meZC / (v): [intransitive or transitive] to find the exact size, amount, speed, etc. of something using a special tool or special equipment: đnh lng, đo lng 17. movement / / mu:vmCnt / (n): [count] a group of people who share the same goal and work together to achieve it: phong trào 18. regulate / / regju:leIt / (v): to control something so that it produces the results you want: điu chnh ö Teachers are not able to regulate the temperature in their classrooms: Thy giáo không th diu chnh nhit đ trong phòng hc. 19. congratulation / kCn,grAtSU / leISn/ (n): [plural] MAINLY SPOKEN used for telling someone you are pleased about their success, good luck, or happiness on a special occasion: chúc mng ö “I’ve passed my driving test.” “Congratulations!”: “Tôi đã thi đu lái xe ri.” “Chúc mng nhé!” 20. originally / C / rIdZCnClI/ (adv): at first: lúc đu, ban đu 21. biography / baI / OgrCfI/ (n): [count] a book that someone writes about someone else’s life. A book that someone writes about their own life is called an autobiography. 21. presenter / prI / zentC / (n): AMERICAN someone who asks questions at a Game Show: ngI dn chng trình Game Show 22. contestant / kCn / testCnt/: noun [count] someone who takes part in a contest: thí sinh d thi, ngI tham d cuc thi 7 LECTURE NOTES ENGLISH 3 Prepared by NGUYEN TRI TUAN – NGUYEN TUAN KIET _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 22. prefer /prI / fE:/ (n): [never progressive] to like or want someone or something more than someone or something else: thích cái gì đó hn 22. preference / / prefrCns / (n): [count or uncount] a feeling of liking or wanting someone or something more than someone or something else: s thích hn TEST 1: Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous Robin: I think the waiter (forget) _________ us. We (wait) _________ here for over half an hour and nobody (take) _________ our order yet. Michele: I think you're right. He (walk) _________ by us at least twenty times. He probably thinks we (order, already) _________. Robin: Look at that couple over there, they (be, only) _________ here for five or ten minutes and they already have their food. Michele: He must realize we (order, not) _________ yet! We (sit) _________ here for over half an hour staring at him. Robin: I don't know if he (notice, even) _________ us. He (run) _________ from table to table taking orders and serving food. Michele: That's true, and he (look, not) _________ in our direction once. TEST 2: Present Perfect / Present Perfect Continuous 1. A: How long (be) _________ in Canada? B: I (study) _________ here for more than three years. 2. I (have) _________ the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one. 3. I (love) _________ chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic". 4. Matt and Sarah (have) _________ some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they (go) _________ to a marriage counselor. I hope they work everything out. 5. John (work) _________ for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he (enjoy) _________ his work, but now he is talking about retiring. 6. Lately, I (think) _________ about changing my career because I (become) _________ dissatisfied with the conditions at my company. 7. I (see) _________ Judy for more than five years and during that time I have (see) ________ many changes in her personality. 8 . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ UNIT TWO IN THE LIMELIGHT 1. LISTENING VOCABULARY: 1. perform /pC / fc:m/ (v ): [intransitive or transitive] to do something in front of an audience in. in order to entertain them, for example by acting in a play or singing: biu din, trình din The opera was first performed in 19 9 2: Nhc kch đc trình