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Sp là chủ ngữ của câu bị động be được chia ở các thì by O cũng có một số trường hợp không cần dùng M thường thì viết lại phó từ đã cho.. Người ta ít dùng thể bị động ở thì này.[r]
(1)CHANGE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE The active voice: SA + (V) + O The passive voice: Sp + (be) + V3/ed * SA là chủ ngữ câu chủ động * (V) chia các thì * O là tân ngữ * M là phó từ + M + (by O) + M (Sp) là chủ ngữ câu bị động (be) chia các thì (by O có số trường hợp không cần dùng) (M thường thì viết lại phó từ đã cho) The present simple tense: (Thì đơn) SA + {V / Vs / Ves}+ O + M Sp + {am / is / are} + {V3/ed} + by O + M * Chú ý: {V / Vs/Ves} đổi thành: {am / is /are} + {V3/ed} The present progressive tense: (Thì tiếp diễn) SA + {am / is / are} + {V-ing} + O + M Sp + {am / is / are} + {being V3/ed} + by O + M * Chú ý: {am / is / are} + {V-ing} đổi thành:{am / is / are} + {being V3/ed} The present perfect tense: (Thì hoàn thành) SA + {have / has} + {V3/ed} + O + M Sp + {have / has} + {been V3/ed} + by O + M * Chú ý: {have / has} + {V3/ed} đổi thành {have / has} + {been V3/ed} The present perfect progressive tense: (Thì hoàn thành tiếp diễn) SA + {have / has} + {been V-ing} + O + M Sp + {have / has} + {been being V3/ed} + by O + M * Chú ý: {have / has} + been V-ing đồi thành {have / has} + been being V3/ed Người ta ít dùng thể bị động thì này The past simple tense: (Thì quá khứ đơn) SA + V2/ed + O + M Sp + was / were + V3/ed + by O + M * Chú ý: V2/ed đổi thành {was / were} + {V3/ed} The past progressive tense: (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn) SA + was / were + V-ing + O + M Sp + was / were + being V3/ed * Chú ý: was / were + V-ing + by O + M đổi thành was / were + being V3/ed The past perfect tense: (Thì quá khứ hoàn thành) (2) SA + had + V3/ed + O + M Sp + had + been V3/ed + by O + M * Chú ý: had + V3/ed đổi thành had + The Past perfect progressive tense: SA + had + been V-ing + O + M been V3/ed (Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn) Sp + had + been being V3/ed + by O + M * Chú ý: had + been V-ing đổi thành had + been being V3/ed The future simple tense: (Thì tương lai đơn) SA + will + Vo + O + M Sp + will + be V3/ed + by O * Chú ý: will + Vo đổi thành will + M + be V3/ed 10 The future progressive tense : (Thì tương lai tiếp diễn) SA + will + be V-ing + O + M Sp + will + be being V3/ed + by O Chú ý: will + be V-ing đổi thành will + M + be being V3/ed 11 The future perfect tense: (Thì tương lai hoàn thành) SA + will + have V3/ed + O + M Sp + will + have been V3/ed * Chú ý: will + have V3/ed + by O đổi thành will + M + have been V3/ed 12 The future perfect progressive tense: (Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn) SA + will + have been V-ing + O + M Sp + will + have been being V3/ed + by O + M 13 Special mood: (Dạng đặc biệt) SA + {will / would / shall / should / can / could / may / might / have to / (have) to / (be) going to / used to / had better … + Vo + O + M Sp + {will / would / shall / should / can / could / …} + be V3/ed + by O + M Change into the passive voice: The hurricane blew off the roofs of the house (3) SA (5) O - _ They have to pay the bill before the first day of the month SA (13) O M - _ You should place matches out of the reach of children SA (13) O M - _ The builders were building a new restaurant when we came SA (6) O M - _ No one can anything unless someone gives us some more information SA (13) O M - _ She gave me the chance to explain my point of view SA (5) O1 O2 - _ Somebody has cleaned my shoes and brushed my teeth SA (3) O1 (3) O2 - _ They asked a lot of questions at the meting SA (5) O M - _ People should stop experiments on animals SA (13) O - _ 10 Mr Pike designed this bridge in 1954 SA (5) O M - _ 11 The teacher has just explained the lesson in the classroom SA (3) O M - _ 12 My sister wrote this letter last night SA (5) O M - _ 13 She always does her homework carefully SA (1) O M - _ 14 They didn’t tell you the truth of the situation SA (5) O1 O2 - _ 15 They converted the major part of the temple into “Lenin’s room.” SA (5) O M - _ 16 We clear the garages every day SA (1) O M - _ 17 They made jean cloth from cotton in the 18th century SA (5) O M - _ 18 They have just introduced a new style of jeans in the USA SA (3) O M - _ 19 Students have to wear school uniforms when they are at school SA (13) O M - _ (4) 20 The football match attracted thousands of fans - _ 21 People speak English all over the world - _ 22 John’s father gave me a box of colored pencils - _ 23 He has just bought a lot of books written by Charles Dickens - _ 24 They are going to translate some novels into Vietnamese tomorrow - _ 25 We began to learn English four years ago - _ 26 Who painted the door? - _ 27 What marks did your teacher give you for your answer? - _ 28 They are going to build a new hospital next year - _ 29 People say he is the best doctor - _ 30 Nobody has used this machine for ages - _ 31 They used recycled plastic to make toys and utensils - _ 32 My sister gave me a new pair of jeans on my fifteenth birthday - _ 33 They will have to change the day of the meeting again - _ 34 You should send the Christmas cards a week before Christmas Day - _ 35 The police were searching the shop - _ 36 Are they building a new school here? - _ 37 Lan and her pen pal are visiting many beautiful places in Hanoi - _ 38 Has anyone prepared this telephone? - _ 39 Do you like candies? - _ 40 Mr Brown doesn’t teach grammar - _ 41 We will grow a lot of tress in the garden - _ 42 When does he usually his homework? - _ 43 People recycle old car tires to make shoes and sandals - _ 44 They will recycle the waste paper in a local factory - _ 45 Someone cleans the rooms every day - _ 46 John will collect me at the airport - _ 47 Mr Robinson teaches us how to speak English properly - _ (5) 48 Your teacher must sign this form - _ 49 Our form teacher will hold a class discussion next Monday - _ 50 Will you invite her to your birthday party? - _ 51 We cannot wear jeans at work - _ 52 Do they speak French and English in Canada? - _ 53 They make these artificial flowers of silk - _ 54 Did the idea interest you? - _ 55 Students are doing a lot of the work - _ 56 Someone has given him a lot of money - _ 57 Nobody has swept the rooms for weeks - _ 58 They have cancelled the meeting - _ 59 We have invited all the students in the school - _ 60 They will have to change the date of the meeting again - _ 61 They are going to invite her for dinner - _ 62 They are mending your shoes at the moment - _ 63 Should they help Jane with the sewing? - _ 64 They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago - Exercises on Writing Part 1: Associations Underline the word or phrase that is most closely related to the word or phrase on the left If necessary, use a dictionary to check the meaning of words you not know The first one has been done for you a destination (a place / a time) (6) ingredients a term to require a detail catchy to state to spread to allow 10 trembling 11 to be concerned 12 blind 13 an achievement 14 a pattern 15 to spot 16 frightening 17 to omit 18 interior 19 to revolve 20 however 21 to shout 22 to share 23 the purpose 24 to create 25 a cycle 26 must 27 kindergarten 28 suitable 29 extremely 30 cluster 31 a reptile 32 utensils 33 distinguished 34 brakes 35 to reduce 36 an axle 37 a device 38 to purchase 39 a baffle 40 up to six things 41 while 42 an appealing idea 43 a risk 44 a snack 45 the source 46 to eliminate something 47 to arrange 48 huge 49 to scramble 50 to get rid of 51 used to go 52 to view 53 dust 54 bargain 55 property 56 in brief 57 likewise (for a recipe / for a suitcase) (a direction / a word) (to give / to need) (a general idea / a specific idea) (people like it / people hate it) (to believe / to say) (to move / to stay) (to let / to put) (afraid, nervous / sleepy, tired) (to be interested / to be worried) (cannot hear / cannot see) (something bad / something good) (A1B2C3D4E5 / 12A3BCD4E5) (to see / to run) (afraid / happy) (to forget / to remember) (inside / outside) (to become / to turn) (and / but) (loud voice / soft voice) (to buy half / to give half) (goal / help) (to make / to take) (in a circle / in a line) (need to / learn to do) (adults / children) (bad idea / good idea) (a little / a lot) (alone / together) (animal / disease) (people / things) (known / secret) (to start / to stop) (to become smaller / to become bigger) (wheels / windows) (a mountain / a thing) (to buy / to sell) (to confuse / to decide) (four or five things / seven or eight things) (after / although) (people hate it / people like it) (a danger / a product) (to allow / to eat) (place / time) (it arrives / it leaves) (to put in order / to write many times) (small / large) (123456789 / 739245816) (to add / to subtract) (went / will go) (to hear / to see) (date / dirt) (cheap / expensive) (you own it / you borrow it) (a few words / a lot of words) (in the same way / very intelligent) (7) 58 to remove 59 at once 60 a spot 61 narrow 62 to ache 63 to scream 64 a dam 65 vital 66 decayed 67 to rush 68 a contest 69 fur 70 a flood 71 to stir 72 to hide something 73 to pour 74 to attempt 75 plagiarism 76 a surge 77 to reject 78 to quote 79 bland 80 gossip 81 to misbehave 82 to measure 83 fate 84 harmless 85 a reward 86 to strike 87 to lack money 88 to rank 89 seafood 90 a beverage 91 a peak 92 gently 93 to prove 94 horizontal 95 copper 96 to research 97 messy 98 your knee 99 to state 100 to remind 101 your shoulder 102 a stem (to add / to subtract) (after a little time / right away) (a place / a time) (not covered / not wide) (bad feeling / good feeling) (loud voice / soft voice) (across a highway / across a river) (you need it / you not need it) (very new / very old) (fast / slow) (a generation / a winner) (on an animal / on a bicycle) (too much money / too much water) (you lawn / your coffee) (you cannot buy it / you cannot see it) (a liquid / a solid) (to / to try to do) (to follow / to steal) (less / more) (to say no / to say yes) (to glaze something / to repeat something) (tasteless / tasty) (ranges / rumors) (a child / a paragraph) (to find a number / to find a person) (pride / future) (safe / dangerous) (money / to tell again) (to hit / to tell) (poor / rich) (12 x = 96 / 1st, 2nd, 3rd) (sausage / shrimp) (a drink / a food) (a low point / a high point) (hard / soft) (to show / to try) (left-right / up-down) (a metal / a process) (to caution / to investigate) (negative / positive) (arm / leg) (to read / to speak) (to release / to remember) (body / mind) (an animal / a plant) Part 2: Collocations Fill each blank with the word on the left that most naturally completes the phrase on the right If necessary, use a dictionary to check the meaning of words you not know The first one has been done for you in / on brief composed / spread water is of avoid / damage eating fried foods eye / hand on the other (8) banana / cell phone aisle / though of / in in / on cloud / room 10 at / for 11 list / storm 12 and / but 13 in / out 14 in / on 15 deal / must 16 expensive / price 17 first / next 18 bilingual / soaring 19 as / for 20 than / that 21 never / types 22 complain / collapse 23 last / straight 24 insect / reason 25 extremely / widely 26 collapsed / logical 27 / make 28 for / to 29 in / on 30 climate / goal 31 about / odd 32 building / computer 33 in / of 34 of / on 35 costly / quickly 36 area / first 37 from / in 38 give / keep 39 guessed / seemed 40 lack / polite 41 concrete / land 42 damage / hair 43 example / turkey 44 get / put 45 let / pay 46 the Internet / a problem 47 elbow / remind 48 idea / worm 49 for / of 50 comma / side 51 storm / worker 52 of / to 53 bank / body 54 come / go 55 fish / photo 56 dress / office 57 hair / voice 58 of / with 59 broken / written 60 of / under to peel a even consist depend a messy that book is not suitable a child make a of (something) so on cross an error talking the phone a great of (something) extremely of all prices vegetables such onions one thing is easier another have seen about something a long time a poisonous the most played sport a idea chores ought the corner of 41st and Vine Streets a harsh an tradition an ancient to consist regardless a action in a given their ages range 18 to 24 to track of it may have difficult a very person barren with wavy a relevant to ready to a fee to point out my left a smart he reminded me my father the opposite a skilled a symbol freedom a slender (mảnh khảnh, yếu ớt) to to mind a faded a tidy curly stuffed feathers chains the connotation a word (9) Part 3: Word forms Each item below contains a group pf related words Identify the word form of the words in each group Write N (noun), V (verb), ADJ (adjective), or ADV (adverb) on the line (Some items will not have all four forms.) Use a dictionary if necessary The first one has been done for you increasingly ADV increase N increasing ADJ increase V believe belief believable illegality illegal illegally logically logic logical finance finance financial financially sweetly sweet sweeten sweetness simplicity simply simple simplify equality equal equally equalize benefit benefit beneficial beneficially 10 freedom free free freely 11 beautify beauty beautiful beautifully 12 satisfactory satisfy satisfying satisfaction 13 happily happy happiness unhappy 14 voluntarily volunteer voluntary volunteer 15 economical economy economically economize 16 industrial industry industrialize industrially 17 action actor actress actively 18 advisably advise advisable advice 19 calculation calculate calculable incalculable 20 careful careless care caring Part 4: Sentence transformation The house is too expensive for me to buy - The house _ = It is Mary is too young to apply for a job - Mary is not _ This exercise is easy enough for me to - This exercise is so _ = It is such _ This shirt is too small for her to wear - This shirt is so = It is such _ The book is so interesting that I have read it several times - It is such _ To this job is quite difficult - It is _ To learn English is not easy - Learning _ = It is To learn a foreign language is difficult - Learning = It is - How difficult _ To live on my own is really hard - I find it = It is _ - Living (10) 10 They have known for a long time - It is a long time _ 11 The little boy hasn’t eaten anything since yesterday - The little boy _ 12 It is the first time I have traveled to France - I haven’t _ 13 I have never spoken to a French man - It is the first time _ 14 I haven’t seen him since we were students - I last saw _ 15 Tom hasn’t met Mary since last year - The last time _ 16 He did this exercise in an hour - It took him _ 17 Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492 - America 18 This book is not as expensive as that one - This book is 19 Tim doesn’t run as quickly as David - David runs 20 My husband doesn’t drink a lot He doesn’t smoke a lot - My husband neither 21 Tom asked me, “Where you live?” - Tom asked me where _ 22 “Can you close the door for me, Ann?” said Mr Brown - Mr Brown asked Ann _ 23 Music interests her greatly - She has a great _ 24 Everyone loves her because she behaves well - Everyone loves her because of (11)