1828xbook.fm Page i Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition Wendell Odom, CCIE No 1624 Cisco Press 800 East 96th Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA 1828xbook.fm Page ii Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM ii CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition Wendell Odom Copyright© 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc Published by: Cisco Press 800 East 96th Street Indianapolis, IN 46240 USA All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review Printed in the United States of America First Printing August 2007 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Odom, Wendell CCENT/CCNA ICND1 official exam certification guide / Wendell Odom p cm ISBN 978-1-58720-182-0 (hardback w/cd) Electronic data processing personnel Certification Computer networks Examinations Study guides I Title QA76.3.O358 2007 004.6 dc22 2007029241 ISBN-13: 978-1-58720-182-0 ISBN-10: 1-58720-182-8 Warning and Disclaimer This book is designed to provide information about the Cisco ICND1 (640-822), ICND2 (640-816), and CCNA (640-802) exams Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied The information is provided on an “as is” basis The author, Cisco Press, and Cisco Systems, Inc shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the discs or programs that may accompany it The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of Cisco Systems, Inc 1828xbook.fm Page iii Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM iii Trademark Acknowledgments All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized Cisco Press or Cisco Systems, Inc cannot attest to the accuracy of this information Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark Corporate and Government Sales The publisher offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk purchases or special sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests For more information, please contact: U.S Corporate and Government Sales 1-800-382-3419 corpsales@pearsontechgroup.com For sales outside the United States please contact: International Sales international@pearsoned.com Feedback Information At Cisco Press, our goal is to create in-depth technical books of the highest quality and value Each book is crafted with care and precision, undergoing rigorous development that involves the unique expertise of members of the professional technical community Reader feedback is a natural continuation of this process If you have any comments about how we could improve the quality of this book, or otherwise alter it to better suit your needs, you can contact us through e-mail at feedback@ciscopress.com Please be sure to include the book title and ISBN in your message We greatly appreciate your assistance Publisher: Paul Boger Copy Editor: Gayle Johnson and Bill McManus Associate Publisher: Dave Dusthimer Technical Editors: Teri Cook, Brian D’Andrea, and Steve Kalman Cisco Representative: Anthony Wolfenden Editorial Assistant: Vanessa Evans Cisco Press Program Manager: Jeff Brady Book and Cover Designer: Louisa Adair Executive Editor: Brett Bartow Composition: ICC Macmillan Inc Managing Editor: Patrick Kanouse Indexer: Tim Wright Senior Development Editor: Christopher Cleveland Proofreader: Suzanne Thomas Senior Project Editor: San Dee Phillips and Meg Shaw 1828xbook.fm Page iv Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM iv About the Author Wendell Odom, CCIE No 1624, has been in the networking industry since 1981 He currently teaches QoS, MPLS, and CCNA courses for Skyline Advanced Technology Services (http://www.skyline-ats.com) He has also worked as a network engineer, consultant, systems engineer, instructor, and course developer He is the author of all previous editions of the CCNA Exam Certification Guide, as well as the Cisco QOS Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, Computer Networking First-Step, CCIE Routing and Switching Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, and CCNA Video Mentor— all from Cisco Press 1828xbook.fm Page v Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM v About the Technical Reviewers Teri Cook (CCSI, CCDP, CCNP, CCDA, CCNA, MCT, and MCSE 2000/2003: Security) has more than ten years of experience in the IT industry She has worked with different types of organizations in the private business and DoD sectors, providing senior-level network and security technical skills in the design and implementation of complex computing environments Since obtaining her certifications, Teri has been committed to bringing quality IT training to IT professionals as an instructor She is an outstanding instructor who uses real-world experience to present complex networking technologies As an IT instructor, Teri has been teaching Cisco classes for more than five years Brian D’Andrea (CCNA, CCDA, MCSE, A+, and Net+) has 11 years of IT experience in both medical and financial environments, where planning and supporting critical networking technologies were his primary responsibilities For the last five years he has dedicated himself to technical training Brian spends most of his time with The Training Camp, an IT boot camp provider Using his real-world experience and his ability to break difficult concepts into a language that students can understand, Brian has successfully trained hundreds of students for both work and certification endeavors Stephen Kalman is a data security trainer He is the author or tech editor of more than 20 books, courses, and CBT titles His most recent book is Web Security Field Guide, published by Cisco Press In addition to those responsibilities he runs a consulting company, Esquire Micro Consultants, which specializes in network security assessments and forensics Mr Kalman holds SSCP, CISSP, ISSMP, CEH, CHFI, CCNA, CCSA (Checkpoint), A+, Network+ and Security+ certifications and is a member of the New York State Bar 1828xbook.fm Page vi Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM vi Dedication For Brett Bartow Thanks for being such a steady, insightful, and incredibly trustworthy guide through the publishing maze 1828xbook.fm Page vii Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM vii Acknowledgments The team who helped produce this book has been simply awesome Everyone who touched this book has made it better, and they’ve been particularly great at helping catch the errors that always creep into the manuscript Brian, Teri, and Steve all did a great job TEing the book Besides helping a lot with technical accuracy, Brian made a lot of good suggestions about traps that he sees when teaching CCNA classes, helping the book avoid those same pitfalls Teri’s ability to see each phrase in the context of an entire chapter, or the whole book, was awesome, helping catch things that no one would otherwise catch Steve spent most of his TE time on the ICND2 book, but he did lend great help with this one, particularly with his reviews of the security-oriented topics, an area in which he’s an expert And more so than any other book I’ve written, the TEs really sunk their teeth into the specifics of every example, helping catch errors Thanks so much! Another (ho-hum) all-star performance from Chris Cleveland, who developed the book Now I empathize with sports writers who have to write about the local team’s star who bats 300, hits 40 homers, and drives in 100 runs, every year, for his whole career How many ways can you say he does a great job? I’ll keep it simple: Thanks, Chris The wonderful and mostly hidden production folks did their usual great job When every time I see how they reworded something, and think, “Wow; why didn’t I write that?”, it makes me appreciate the kind of team we have at Cisco Press The final copy edit, figure review, and pages review process required a fair amount of juggling and effort as well – thanks to Patrick’s team, especially San Dee, Meg, Tonya, for working so well with all the extra quality initiatives we’ve implemented Thanks to you all! Additionally, several folks who didn’t have any direct stake in the book also helped it along Thanks to Frank Knox for the discussions on the exams, why they’re so difficult, and about troubleshooting Thanks to Rus Healy for the help with wireless Thanks to the Mikes at Skyline for making my schedule work to get this book (and the ICND2 book) out the door And thanks to the course and exam teams at Cisco for the great early communications and interactions about the changes to the courses and exams Finally, thanks to my wife Kris for all her support with my writing efforts, her prayers, and her understanding when the deadline didn’t quite match with our vacation plans this summer And thanks to Jesus Christ—all this effort is just striving after the wind without Him 1828xbook.fm Page viii Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM viii This Book Is Safari Enabled The Safari® Enabled icon on the cover of your favorite technology book means that the book is available through Safari Bookshelf When you buy this book, you get free access to the online edition for 45 days Safari Bookshelf is an electronic reference library that lets you easily search thousands of technical books, find code samples, download chapters, and access technical information whenever and wherever you need it To gain 45-day Safari Enabled access to this book: ■ Go to http://www.ciscopress.com/safarienabled ■ Complete the brief registration form ■ Enter the coupon code 6EM9-WNXL-7Z1E-9UL2-KAEC If you have difficulty registering on Safari Bookshelf or accessing the online edition, please e-mail customer-service@safaribooksonline.com 1828xbook.fm Page ix Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM ix Contents at a Glance Foreword xxvi Introduction xxvii Part I Networking Fundamentals Chapter Introduction to Computer Networking Concepts Chapter The TCP/IP and OSI Networking Models Chapter Fundamentals of LANs Chapter Fundamentals of WANs Chapter Fundamentals of IP Addressing and Routing Chapter Fundamentals of TCP/IP Transport, Applications, and Security 129 Part II LAN Switching Chapter Ethernet LAN Switching Concepts Chapter Operating Cisco LAN Switches Chapter Ethernet Switch Configuration Chapter 10 Ethernet Switch Troubleshooting Chapter 11 Wireless LANs Part III IP Routing Chapter 12 IP Addressing and Subnetting Chapter 13 Operating Cisco Routers Chapter 14 Routing Protocol Concepts and Configuration Chapter 15 Troubleshooting IP Routing Part IV Wide-Area Networks Chapter 16 WAN Concepts Chapter 17 WAN Configuration 17 41 71 93 165 167 197 231 267 299 329 399 509 511 539 331 471 435 1828xbook.fm Page x Thursday, July 26, 2007 3:10 PM x Part V Final Preparation 563 Chapter 18 Final Preparation Part VI Appendixes Appendix A Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes Appendix B Decimal to Binary Conversion Table Appendix C ICND1 Exam Updates: Version 1.0 Glossary 599 Index 624 Part VII CD-Only Appendix C ICND1 Exam Updates: Version 1.0 Appendix D Subnetting Practice Appendix E Subnetting Reference Pages Appendix F Additional Scenarios 565 575 Appendix G Subnetting Video Reference Appendix H Memory Tables Appendix I Memory Tables Answer Key Appendix J ICND1 Open-Ended Questions 591 595 577 ... Study guides I Title QA76.3.O358 2007 004.6 dc22 20070292 41 ISBN -1 3 : 97 8 -1 -5 872 0 -1 8 2-0 ISBN -1 0 : 1- 5 872 0 -1 8 2-8 Warning and Disclaimer This book is designed to provide information about the Cisco ICND1 ... Wide-Area Networks Chapter 16 WAN Concepts Chapter 17 WAN Configuration 17 41 71 93 16 5 16 7 19 7 2 31 267 299 329 399 509 511 539 3 31 4 71 435 18 28xbook.fm Page x Thursday, July 26, 2007 3 :10 PM... Cataloging-in-Publication Data Odom, Wendell CCENT/CCNA ICND1 official exam certification guide / Wendell Odom p cm ISBN 97 8 -1 -5 872 0 -1 8 2-0 (hardback w/cd) Electronic data processing personnel Certification