Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Contents Preface PART I: ARCHITECTURE I GENERAL INTRODUCTION 10 Location 11 Scale and general features 11 II ARCHITECTURE SOLUTION 12 Design of master plan 12 Architecture design 13 Traffic inside the building 16 III TECHNICAL AND INFRASTRUCTURE SOLUTIONS 16 Lighting system 16 Ventilation system 16 Electrical system 16 Water supply and drainage system 16 Fire protection system 17 Waste disposal system 17 PART II: STRUCTURE CHAPTER I: STRUCTURAL SOLUTION 19 I STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS 19 II SOLUTION FOR MATERIALS 19 III SOLUTION FOR SUPPORTING STRUCTURE 21 Basic bearing structure for high rise building 21 Bearing structure selection 22 IV SOLUTION FOR FLOOR 23 Flat floor – band beam solution 23 Prestressed slab without beam solution 24 Select the feasible solution for slab 26 V SELECTION OF PREMILINARY DIMENSION OF ELEMENTS 27 Premilinary dimensions of core and column 27 Premilinary dimension of slab 28 Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Premilinary dimension of beam 30 CHAPTER II: LOADS 31 I DEAD LOAD 31 Seft weight 31 Finish load 31 Dead load of brick wall and glass wall 35 Dead load of roof water tank 37 II LIVE LOADS 38 III WIND LOAD 40 Dead wind load 40 Live wind load 41 Total wind load applying on building 46 Check the top displacement the building 47 CHAPTER III: FRAME AXIS DESIGN 48 I INTERNAL FORCES IN COLUMNS AND BEAMS OF AXIS 48 II LOAD COMBINATIONS 62 Internal forces of column 62 Internal forces of beam 82 III CALCULATION OF BEAM REINFORCEMENT 98 Principles 98 Calculation of rebars of beam B-103 ( 6th floor) 102 Calculation of rebar of beams 103 Calculation of shear reinforcement 110 IV CALCULATION OF REINFORCEMENT OF COLUMNS 113 Principle 113 Calculation of column C-4 1st floor 116 Calculation of column at other levels 121 Stirrup arrangement 122 V DESIGN FRAME NODE AND CONNECTION POSITION 126 CHAPTER IV: FOUNDATION DESIGN 128 I DESIGN DOCUMENT 128 Design document of building 128 Geologic document 129 Geologic section 130 Geologic assessment 131 Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City II SELECTION OF FOUNDATION SOLUTION 131 Satmp pile 132 Bored pile 132 Method selection 133 III BORED PILE FOUNDATION DESIGN 133 Preliminary dimension of pile 133 Loading capacity of piles determination 135 Determination of number and arrangement of piles 138 Pile check 141 Pile cap check 144 Design reinforcement for pile cap 147 Foundation beam system 150 General ckeck of bored pile foundation 152 CHAPTER V: POST-TENSIONING SLAB DESIGN 159 I CALCULATION BASE 159 Calculation methodology 159 Method of calculating internal forces of reinforced concrete slab 159 II MATERIALS 160 Concrete 160 Rebar 160 Strand 160 III DIMENSION OF STRUCTURE 161 IV LOADS 162 Load cases 162 Load combination 162 V TENDON PROFILE 163 Creating strips for calculation 163 Tendon profile 166 VI EFFECTIVE STRESS OF TENDON 169 Stress loss due to friction 169 Anchorage set slip losses 169 Stress losses due to other reasons 171 VII CALCULATING AND ARRANGING TENDONS 172 VIII CHECK STRESS IN SLAB 174 Stress check at initial service load 174 Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Serviceability check at service load 177 IX CHECK STRENGTH CONDITION (ULIMATE STATE) 179 X CHECK DEFLECTION OF SLAB 184 PART III: CONSTRUCTION CHAPTER I: FORMWORK DESIGN 187 I FORMWORK AND TECHNICAL REQUESTS 187 Technical requests 187 Types of formwork 188 II DESIGN FORMWORK FOR COLUMN 194 Design parameters 194 Loads apply on column formwork 194 Check column formwork 195 III DESIGN FORMWORK FOR BEAM 196 Design parameters 196 Design bottom formwork 197 Design side formwork 201 IV DESIGN FORMWORK FOR SLAB 203 Design parameters 203 Loads apply on slab formwork 204 Check slab formwork 205 Check upper girder (8x12 cm) 206 Check under girder (10x12 cm) 207 Check combination support 208 V DESIGN FORMWORK FOR CORE WALL 208 Design parameters 208 Loads apply on core wall formwork 209 Check core wall formwork 210 CHAPTER II: CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 211 I GENERAL CONSTRUCTION METHOD 211 II COLUMNS AND CORE WALL CONSTRUCTION 212 Surveying and positioning work 212 Reinforcing work 212 Installing formwork 213 Concrete work 214 Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Uninstall formwork (removal) 215 III BEAMS AND SLAB CONSTRUCTION 215 Installing formwork 215 Reinforcing work 216 Concrete work 218 Curing concrete 220 Uninstall formwork (removal) 221 Defects rectification 222 IV STAIRCASE CONSTRUCTION 223 V CALCULATION WORK VOLUME 223 Calculation of concrete volume 224 Calculation of reinforcement volume 225 Calculation of formwork volume 226 VI CHOOSE CONSTRUCTION MACHINES 227 Choose tower crane 227 Choose concrete pumps 231 Choose concrete truck 232 Concrete vibrators 233 CHAPTER III: POST-TENSIONING SLAB CONSTRUCTION 235 I GENERAL INTRODUCTION 235 II PT SLAB CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES 235 III MATERIALS 236 Strand 236 Live end anchorage and dead end anchorage 237 Anti-bursting reinforcement 238 Bar chair 238 Ducting 238 Plastic grout vent and plastic grout hose 239 Tape 240 Grout mixture 240 IV EQUIPMENTS 241 Hydraulic stressing jack 241 Hydraulic pump 241 Frame jack 241 Grout mixer 242 Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City V STORAGE AND HANDLING 242 Storage 242 Handling 243 VI WORKING PLATFORM 243 VII INSTALLATION WORKS 244 Installation of tendons 244 Installation of live end anchorages 246 Definition of tendon profiles 246 Finishing works before pouring concrete 247 Pouring concrete 248 Installation of anchor block 248 Stressing of tendons 249 Grouting of tendons 251 VIII REPARE METHODS 253 Installation and pouring concrete problems 253 Stressing problems (broken strand, slippage strand…) 253 Grouting problems (stuck at grout hose, tendon blocked…) 254 IX SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND PRECAUTION MEASURES 254 Lifting of material and equipment 254 PT tendon installation 254 PT tendon stressing 255 Grouting 255 CHAPTER IV: CONSTRUCTION SCHEDUAL 256 I MAJOR PRINCIPLES IN CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATION 256 II CONSTRUCTION OGANIZATION METHOD 257 III VOLUMNE AND WORKERS OF WORKS 258 IV LIST OF TASKS 263 V ESTABLISH SCHEDUAL DIAGRAM 263 CHAPTER V: CONSTRUCTION SITE LAYOUT DESIGN 264 I GENERAL CONCEPT 264 II BASIC PRINCIPLES 264 III DESIGN SEQUENCE 265 Material supply on site 265 Calculate temporary house on site 266 Water supply on site 267 Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Electricity supply on site 268 IV SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION 270 Training, implement, examination of safety 270 Occupational safety in each stage of construction 271 Safety in working with equipment, machines on site 273 Environmental management 274 REFERENCES Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City PREFACE In the career of building and protecting country, construction is essential contributing important roles Along with country's continuous development in the past years, field of capital construction generally and civil engineering construction in particular have invested by Government and Party and having deservedly proud achievements In the next years, in order to implement the career of modernization and industrialization, Construction must precede a step; serve purposes of socioeconomic development In the recent years, the government is investing much in Construction; advanced constructing technologies are applied in Vietnam To apply in fact, civil engineers’ level must be better and better To satisfy demands of development, The National University of Civil Engineering is opening scope and raising quality of training After learning and gathering knowledge in the National University of Civil Engineering, now I am designing a graduation project with title: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER I am guided directly by Prof, Dr Phan Quan Minh and Dr Pham Dang Khoa I sincerely thank Mr Minh, Mr Khoa, and other teachers teaching and assisting me during the learning process and fulfilling the project I have tried to my project best with my knowledge, but it is not very good because of time and some other reasons I hope advices, remarks and suggestions of teachers and all of you Thank to you sincerely! Ha Noi, June-2015 Student Bui Thanh Dat Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City PART I ARCHITECTURE (10%) INSTRUCTOR: Prof, Dr PHAN QUANG MINH DIVISION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STUDENT : BUI THANH DAT CLASS : 55XE STUDENT ID : 2627.55 TASKS: - General introduction of the building - Architecture solution of the building - Drawing plans layout and sections - Technical and infrastructure solutions Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City I GENERAL INTRODUCTION In the recent years, Vietnam’s economy has changed dramatically along with the rapid growth of the other countries in Asia The reconstruction and construction of infrastructure is needed in the open door period On the other hand, the replacement of low-rise buildings by high-rise buildings is very necessary to resolve land issues as well as changing the urban landscape to deserve with the stature of a large city Thanh Hoa is one of the biggest provinces in Vietnam, located 150km from Hanoi This province has an important role that is being the northern tip of central Vietnam Thanh Hoa City, with approximate 400,000 in population, is the capital city of Thanh Hoa province, which is situated in the east and has been center of politic, economy, culture, education and entertainment of Thanh Hoa Province for a long time The land of the city is now depleted while the demand of land for business is increasing Therefore, the construction of a high-rise building that combines both commercial and leasing agencies is essential and appropriate to deal with those above issues Because of these reasons, the “Lake Commercial Center – Thanh Hoa City” is licensed to build Figure 1.1: Side facade of Lake Commercial Center Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 10 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Table: Worker for uninstalling formwork Storey Element [1] [2] Column Core wall Beam Slab Column 2,3,4 Core wall Beam Slab Column Core wall Beam Area per segment (m2) Norm (workday/100 m2) Workday Total of workday Number of worker Time (day) [8] [9] [10] 13 20 26 25 18 20 28 25 17 20 28 25 [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] C-0.8x0.8 9.86 2.33 22.97 7.13 1.64 C-0.4x0.4 4.93 5.67 27.95 7.13 1.99 W-0.3 512.51 0.17 87.13 7.13 6.21 W-0.22 B-0.25x0.6 B-0.22x0.35 252.56 229.07 12.86 0.17 0.17 0.17 42.94 38.94 2.19 7.13 5.75 5.75 3.06 2.24 0.13 S-9.0x8.4 75.60 6.33 478.55 5.00 23.93 C-0.8x0.8 13.70 2.33 31.92 7.13 2.27 C-0.4x0.4 6.85 5.67 38.84 7.13 2.77 W-0.3 712.19 0.17 121.07 7.13 8.63 W-0.22 B-0.25x0.6 B-0.22x0.35 350.96 229.07 12.86 0.17 0.17 0.17 59.66 38.94 2.19 7.13 5.75 5.75 4.25 2.24 0.13 S-9.0x8.4 75.60 6.67 504.25 5.00 25.21 C-0.8x0.8 9.86 3.50 34.51 7.13 2.46 C-0.4x0.4 4.93 3.50 17.26 7.13 1.23 W-0.3 512.51 0.25 128.13 7.13 9.13 W-0.22 252.56 0.25 63.14 7.13 4.50 B-0.25x0.6 216.14 0.25 54.04 5.75 3.11 B-0.22x0.35 98.59 0.25 24.65 5.75 1.42 S-9.0x8.4 75.60 6.25 472.50 5.00 23.63 Column C-0.8x0.8 6.98 4.67 32.60 7.13 2.32 W-0.3 362.75 0.33 119.71 7.13 8.53 15 20 W-0.22 B-0.25x0.6 B-0.22x0.35 178.76 147.06 57.50 0.33 0.33 0.33 58.99 48.53 18.98 7.13 5.75 5.75 4.20 2.79 1.09 23 25 Slab S-9.0x8.4 75.60 5.00 378.00 5.00 18.90 Column C-0.8x0.8 9.86 4.67 46.05 7.13 3.28 Core wall W-0.3 512.51 0.33 169.13 7.13 12.05 21 20 W-0.22 B-0.25x0.6 B-0.22x0.35 252.56 147.06 57.50 0.33 0.33 0.33 83.34 48.53 18.98 7.13 5.75 5.75 5.94 2.79 1.09 23 25 Slab S-9.0x8.4 75.60 5.00 378.00 5.00 18.90 Core wall W-0.3 198.65 1.00 198.65 7.13 14.16 W-0.22 145.96 1.00 145.96 7.13 10.40 25 20 Slab S-10.6x17.3 183.38 1.00 183.38 5.00 9.17 T-roof 2.24 1.00 2.24 5.00 0.11 Water tank T-bottom 4.48 1.00 4.48 5.00 0.22 15 25 T-wall 79.74 1.00 79.74 7.13 5.68 Core wall Beam Techn icalroof Quantity per segment Slab Beam -> Roof Area of one element (m2) Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 262 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City IV LIST OF TASKS Installing rebar of columns and core walls (53 workers) Installing formwork of columns and core walls (60 workers) Pouring concrete of columns and core walls (112 workers) Uninstalling formwork of columns and core walls (20 workers) Installing formwork of beams and slab, marking PT tendon profiles (70 workers) Installing rebar of beams and bottom rebar layer of slab (40) Placing PT tendons and anchorages (16 workers) Installing top rebar layer of slab (30) Pouring concrete of beams and slab (80 workers) 10 Install anchor blocks and stressing PT tendons (16 workers) 11 Grouting PT tendons and finishing (16 workers) 12 Uninstalling formwork of beams and slab (25 workers) V ESTABLISH SCHEDUAL DIAGRAM (in drawing) Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 263 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City CHAPTER V CONSTRUCTION SITE LAYOUT AND SAFATY I GENERAL CONCEPT Construction site layout is a set of plans that demonstrates planned location of buildings which will be constructed, arrangement of material and technical basis in order to serve construction process and human life within the boundaries of construction site General concept of construction site layout design includes the following issues: - Determine specific location of buildings planned on the land granted to construct - Locate cranes, main equipment, and plants for construction - Design transportation system on the site - Design storage areas on the site - Design auxiliary workshops - Design temporary facilities on the site - Design temporary technical network on the site (electricity, water supply and drainage…) - Design systems of safety, security, and site cleaning II BASIC PRINCIPLES TO DESIGN CONSTRUCTION SITE LAYOUT Construction site layout must be designed so that temporary technical and material basis provide the best services for construction process, not affect technology, quality, construction duration, labor safety and environmental sanitation Reduce the cost of constructing temporary facilities by: salvaging / utilizing parts of constructed building, selecting temporary facilities that are low – cost, easy to dismantle and move … Temporary facilities should be located in a favorable position to avoid wasting caused by repeated movement Designing construction site layout must follow instructions, standards of engineering design, regulations of labor safety, fire safety and environmental sanitation Gain experience in designing construction site layout and construction site organization conducted before; willing to apply the progress of science, technology, economic management, etc in designing construction site layout Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 264 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City III DESIGN SEQUENCE OF GENERAL CONSTRUCTION SITE LAYOUT Material supply on site The quantity of materials on site is determined by formula: Qdtr = q x tdtr Where: q – maximum material quantity consumed in the day tdtr – common time of preservation: + t1: the period between receiving times, days + t2: time of receiving materials and transporting them to site, day + t3: time of unloading materials, day + t4: time of testing and classify materials, 1day + t5: time of regular contingency, 1day For cement, steel, formwork: tdtr = days For sand, stone, brick: tdtr = t1 + t5 = days  Steel work: 15.6 (T/day)  Formwork: - Formwork: 747 m2 = 20.05 m3 - Including supports, Vvk = 20.05 x2 = 41.09 m3  Total quantity of preservation materials: - Steel: 15.6 x = 93.6 T - Formwork: 82.17 x = 493.02 m3  Calculate storage for materials: Measure the square meter of storage: F Qdtr  d Where: Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 265 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City d: the standard material quantity defined by norm contained on 1m2 α: site using factor No Material Norm Quantity Type of storage Norm Method of loading α F Steel T 93.6 half outdoor 1.5 pile up 1.3 182 Formwork m3 41.09 half outdoor 1.8 pile up 1.3 96.15 Calculate temporary house on site  Calculate site manpower: - Main workers: (choose nearly maximum) Ntb = 308 people = N1 - Supporting workers: 0.25 N1 = 0.25 x 308 = 77 people = N2 - Technical staffs: 0.06 (N1 + N2) = 0.06 x (308 + 77) = 23 people = N3 - Administration and commercial staffs: 0.05 (N1 + N2) = 0.05 x (308 + 77) = 19 people = N4 - Supporting staffs: 0.03 (N1 + N2) = 0.03 x (308 + 77) = 12 people = N5 - Dependant personnel: 0.01 (N1 + N2 + N3 + N4 + N5) = people = N6 - Staffs for coordination of general activities: 0.07 (N1 + N2 + N3 + N4 + N5) = 30 people = N7 Number of people who demand to stay at the site, assume 25%: N = 0.25 x (N1 + N2 + N3 + N4 + N5 + N6 + N7) = 0.25 x 473 = 118 people  Calculation of temporary house area: - House for workers: F1 = 118 x = 472 m2 Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 266 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City - House for staffs: F2 = (23 + 19) x = 168 m2 - Bathroom: one bathroom 2.5 m2 for 25 people: F3 = [473:25] x 2.5 = 48 m2 Canteen: 85% eat on site, 800 m2 for 1000 people, shifts: - F4 = 473 x 0.85 x 800/1000 /2 = 160 m2 - WC: F5 = 473 x 0.1 = 48 m2 (16 WC) - Clinic: F6 = 0.07 x 473 = 33 m2 - Security: 20 m2 - Office for commander: 16 m2 Water supply on site  Domestic water: N sh  N B K g x3600 N: number of workers at the most crowded shift, 254 people B: the standard of water used per worker on site, 15 l/person.shift Kg: unequal usage factor of domestic water on site, 2.7  N sh  254.15 x 2.7  0.36(l / s ) x3600  Water for temporary house: N nt  N C.Kn Kg 24 x3600 N: number of workers in temporary house, 138 people C: the standard of water used per person, 50 l/day Kn: unequal usage factor by day, 1.4 Kg: unequal usage factor by hour, 1.5 Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 267 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City  N nt  138 x50 x1.4 x1.5  0.17(l / s ) 24 x3600  Water for fire fighting: To be safety, we select Qcc = 10 l/s  Total amount of water: Nsx + Nsh + Nnt = + 0.36 + 0.17 = 5.53 (l/s) < Ncc  N = 0.7 x (Nsx + Nsh + Nnt) + Ncc = 13.87 (l/s)  Calculate the main pipe diameter: D 4.N x13.87   0.133(m)  v.1000 3.14 x1x1000 Choose water pipe with D = 150 mm  Water resource: - Water is taken from available local water supply network - The depth of pipe: 25 cm - The pipes under the transportation path are protected by steel plate - Pipes are installed by combined network Electricity supply on site  Calculation of consumed power on site - Electric power for motors, machinery, equipment: Pdc = (k1 x EPdci) / (η x cosφ) = (0.7 x 20) / (0.78 x 0.75) = 23.93 (KW) - Electric power for manufacturing: Psx = (k2 x EPsxi) / cosφ + Mixing concrete: P = KW, k = 0.15, cosφ = 0.6 Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 268 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City + Mixing mortar: P = KW, k = 0.15, cosφ = 0.6 + Needle vibrator (2): P = KW, k = 0.15, cosφ = 0.6 + Plate vibrator (2): P = KW, k = 0.15, cosφ = 0.6 + Tower crane: P = 36 KW, k = 0.2, cosφ = 0.5 + Hoist (2): P = 2.2 KW, k = 0.15, cosφ = 0.6 Psx = 17.2 KW - Electric power for lighting: Indoor: Pcs_tr = 0.8 x 10 = KW Outdoor: Pcs_ng = x = KW  Total generating capacity: P = k (Pdc + Psx + Pcs_tr + Pcs_ng) = 1.1 x (23.93 + 17.2 + + 5) = 60 KW  Design electrical network: Select phase power, with aluminum wire - Calculate quadrature power: Qtt = Pt / cosφtb = 60 / 0.6 = 100 KW  Capacity: Stt  Pt  Qtt2  602  1002  117 KW Choose transformer which has S = 150 KW  Choose electrical resource: Use the national electrical network  Choose cross-section of wire: S 100 P.L K  U U 2d The wires are arranged around the building, L = 210 m Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 269 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City K = 34.5 is factor of aluminum wire U% = 5% Ud = 380 V Load per 1m wire: q = 14.15 / 210 = 0.0674 (KW/m) Total load moment in one branch:  P.L  q.L2 0.0674 x 210   1486.17( KWm) 2 100 x1486.17 x103 S  6(mm2 ) 34.5 x5 x380  Choose S = 10 mm2 for electrical wire The wires are buried with a depth 30cm and protected by plastic pipe IV SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION Training, implement, examination of safety Officers and officials working in the area of construction are covered by the basic training on occupational safety and check on their level, the sense of preserving the occupational safety for themselves and for the surrounding Machines, vehicles, construction equipment put into operation must be checked the safety of device (register certificate) The staffs are checked on their skill and health, to assign task to suit every type of work Who has not passed the training will not operate the equipment requiring professional level To limit the scope of activity and areas of the worker, must have signages All those who not have the task in the region are limited to ensure safety (transformer, breaker electric, etc.) Storages, auxiliary shops must be arranged reasonably, pay attention to fire resistance and safety After formwork dismantlement, shores, boards, scaffold must be cleared and arranged into categories For scaffolding when its installation is completed, the technicians must inspect before use People with heart disease, high blood pressure not being assigned work on high level Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 270 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Workers working on scaffolding must wear safety belts, hard hats Don't be running jokes Do not sit on the railing, not climbing the outside the rail When there is rain or wind which is more than level 6, thick fog, not working on scaffolding Scaffolding must be checked before using again Dismantling scaffolding must be instructed by the technical staff Before dismantlement, must clean up tool and materials on the working platform The boards, scaffolds when dismantling are not allowed to throw down from high level Occupational safety in each stage of construction In concrete tasks: All workers must be trained occupational safety and equipped labor protection The exit under region being poured concrete is banned with signage When constructing at depth greater than 1.5m, the hose for pumping concrete must be fixed to formwork components or working platform When using vibrator, connect vibrator to earth by insulated wire and use the insulated wire connecting from power distribution board to vibrator’s engine Clean vibrator and wrap its wire when not use Workers operating must be equipped insulated boot and other personal protection tools When curing concrete, must use scaffold, not stand on shores or formwork’s edges In reinforcement tasks: Fabricating rebar is done in private sector, having barricades and signage Table for rebar fabrication must be fixed surely, fabricated rebar must put on right place When straightening steel roll by machine, have measures for covering cylinder and avoid rebar to slip to come out before operating Cable top of winch is connected to rebar which needs straightening by special equipment, only dismantle the connection when the winch off Forbid to use the engine for cutting steel segments shorter than 80 cm without the safety devices When the installation of reinforcement near power lines, must cut power off, if not, must take measures to prevent the reinforcement touching power line In Formwork and scaffold tasks: Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 271 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City During construction, using formworks or scaffolds must follow the design approved by authority Prohibit not to use scaffolding when: does not meet the technical requirements and safety conditions as inadequate anchor hook, ligaments or they are anchored to the parts having poor structural stability Do not use the scaffold or formwork when they are deformed, cracked, and shores when they are placed on which are unstable or likely to slip or structural components not being calculated bearing capacity yet When the erection of scaffolding systems, need to the following: anchor the scaffolds firmly to the building and the location of the anchor hook should be set according to the design When the anchor hook position coincides with the hole in the wall, have to make bracing inside to anchor Dismantling formwork must proceed in sequence and according to the instructions in the design The dismantling area must be fenced to prevent people or vehicles go through Formwork in use is large board combined from smaller plates, ensure they are firm and avoid impact to other structures when installation Must have working platform when installing formwork whose height not exceed 6m and when the installation of formwork height greater than m, delivered to experienced workers Ban placing or arranging the formwork boards or other components of formwork slip surface On the working platform and keep the load allowed and only placed the material on the platform in the position specified, must clean up excess material, waste material on the platform and gathered to the place specified Only dismantling formwork after concrete meets its enough strength, under guidance of technical staffs Dismantling formwork must follow the logical sequence, have measures to prevent formwork falling and fences, signage around the dismantlement area When dismantlement of formwork, always observe the status of structure, if there are any phenomenon of deformation, inform the technical staffs to have treatment measure timely In use of power in construction: Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 272 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Electrical workers must be learned, tested and certified satisfactory electrical safety Electrical worker who in a construction area have to master power supply diagram of that area The site must have its electrical network diagrams, have general circuit breaker, breaker segments to be able to cut whole or each sector on site when needed The wires using on site must be insulated wires, are on the column at height of at least 2.5m toward construction plan and 5m toward where the vehicles pass The wires under 2.5 m from the construction plan must be rubbercoated wires All electrical equipment must be protected short circuit and overload protection devices (fuses, relays, aptomat, etc.) must be selected in accordance with the voltage and current of the device or group of devices that are protected When using the electric handheld devices, workers are not on ladder and stand on safety platform For heavy tools, workers have to make hanger or other ways ensuring safety Workers must take gloves, boots and shoes Only the power workers, who are directly assigned to newly repair, match or disconnect electrical appliances off the grid Only open the cover of equipment, any repairs when the power system is off Ban use of fixed lights to be handheld lights The lights at work are set at the positions such reasonably that not cause any troubles to the workers In fire resistance: Comply the rules of fire resistance and take them to the construction site for people to study Place the firefighting equipment as sandbags, water tanks, at the location having combustible materials Layout locations to take the water for fire resistance (well and mobile water tank), ready when the fire occurs Arrange workers who have been trained on fire rescue ready when a fire occurs Storages of materials, offices are equipped with fire protection systems Safety in working with equipment, machines on site Vibrator: Only workers who are assigned operate vibrators When operating, pay attention to the following: Check the power line from the power net to the vibrator Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 273 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Only switch the vibrator on after putting the breaker on, see the vibrator shake then bring it to work Not allow greater ¾ length of the needle vibrator to be deep in concrete When engine stop working, take the needle vibrator out of concrete Do not leave heavy thing on the flexible hose, the radius of curvature of the hose is not less than 40 cm and must not bend into segments The workers operating vibrator only dismantle its needle by specified equipment Not let the water be into the needle and hose When the needle gets jammed or the engine does not turn, must cut the needle form engine right now and inform to technical staff to have treatment Environmental management Master plan sanitation: Layout the location to wash motorbike and construction vehicles before they go out of the site Spray water on the roads around the site to prevent dust Arrange trucks to transport waste materials out of the site at time allowed of city traffic Arrange dedicated group to industrial hygiene and sanitation activities in and around the site Waste: Wastewater, surface water is collected to makeshift trench connecting to the network of the region, not to the spill Waste at the site must be poured at the regulation location, every week, they are bring out of the site Arrange a private toilet area for the workers in the site and group of people regularly clean to avoid causing pollution to the surroundings Do not burn waste in construction site Noisy and dust resistance Due to site locates near residential areas, so pay attention to environmental problems, noise and dust resistance Time of gathering supplies and vehicles will be deployed appropriately Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 274 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Vehicles transporting materials to the site must have canvas covering, avoid sand, rock falling on the road The velocity of vehicles running on site is in limitation of km/h to avoid stirring dust In dry and sunny days, the contractor will spray water against a construction dust and wash for roads around construction sites and residential areas The construction equipment brought to the site must be tested and are the new devices restricting noise The car carrying the materials will be covered with canvas Once out of the site, all vehicles must be cleaned The waste is collected and dumped the right places Vehicles carrying materials must have the canvas cover to resist dust, rock falling on the road Restrict the noise level to the maximum level Control of leaking oil, chemicals: Wastewater, grease, chemicals in the process of construction are treated or led to location regulated, not to spill, cause environmental pollution and bad impacts to the site (absolutely not to grease blended into the material storage yards, sand, stones etc.) Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 275 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City REFERENCE Sàn Phẳng Bê Tông Ứng Lực Trước Căng Sau Prof, Dr Phan Quang Minh Kết Cấu Bê Tông Cốt Thép – Phần Cấu Kiện Cơ Bản Phan Quang Minh – Ngo The Phong – Nguyen Dinh Cong Nền Và Móng Phan Hong Quan Sàn Sườn Bê Tông Cốt Thép Toàn Khối Division of Steel and wooden building - NUCE Khung Bê Tơng Cốt Thép Tồn Khối Le Ba Hue – Phan Minh Tuan SAFETM – Post-Tensioned Concrete Design Manual Ver 12.0.0, CSI, December 2008 ACI 318-08 Code TCVN 2737-1995: Tải Trọng Và Tác Động TCVN 4453-1995: Kết Cấu Bê Tông Bê Tông Cốt Thép Tồn Khối 10 TCXD 229-1994: Hướng Dẫn Tính Tốn Thành Phần Động Của Tải Trọng Gió Theo Tiêu Chuẩn TCVN 2737-1995 11 TCXD 198-1997: Nhà Cao Tầng – Thiết Kế Bê Tơng Cốt Thép Tồn Khối 12 TCVN 205-1998: Móng Cọc – Tiêu Chuẩn Thiết Kế 13 Biện Pháp Thi Công Cáp DƯL Nam Cong Company – namcong.com.vn 14 Biện Pháp Thi Công ƯLT VLS Company Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 276 ... to you sincerely! Ha Noi, June-2015 Student Bui Thanh Dat Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City PART I ARCHITECTURE (10%) INSTRUCTOR:... Frame - axis Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 48 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa City Figure 2.3.2: Typical floor plan Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 49... Center – Thanh Hoa City” is licensed to build Figure 1.1: Side facade of Lake Commercial Center Student: Bui Thanh Dat – Class: 55XE Page 10 Graduation Project: LAKE COMMERCIAL CENTER – Thanh Hoa